diff --git a/.github/actionlint.yaml b/.github/actionlint.yaml
index dd49463130..d47dcc16dc 100644
--- a/.github/actionlint.yaml
+++ b/.github/actionlint.yaml
@@ -21,4 +21,5 @@ self-hosted-runner:
     - sev-snp
     - s390x
     - s390x-large
-    - tdx
+    - tdx-no-attestation
+    - tdx-attestation
diff --git a/.github/workflows/actionlint.yaml b/.github/workflows/actionlint.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2b613d6247
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/actionlint.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+name: Lint GHA workflows
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+  pull_request:
+    types:
+      - opened
+      - edited
+      - reopened
+      - synchronize
+    paths:
+      - '.github/workflows/**'
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event.pull_request.number || github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+jobs:
+  run-actionlint:
+    env:
+      GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout the code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Install actionlint gh extension
+        run: gh extension install https://github.com/cschleiden/gh-actionlint
+
+      - name: Run actionlint
+        run:  gh actionlint
diff --git a/.github/workflows/add-issues-to-project.yaml b/.github/workflows/add-issues-to-project.yaml
index c7a12ccfd0..9ff930de39 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/add-issues-to-project.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/add-issues-to-project.yaml
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           # Clone into a temporary directory to avoid overwriting
           # any existing github directory.
-          pushd $(mktemp -d) &>/dev/null
+          pushd "$(mktemp -d)" &>/dev/null
           git clone --single-branch --depth 1 "https://github.com/kata-containers/.github" && cd .github/scripts
           sudo install hub-util.sh /usr/local/bin
           popd &>/dev/null
diff --git a/.github/workflows/add-pr-sizing-label.yaml b/.github/workflows/add-pr-sizing-label.yaml
index 6058c2a23f..5d37989f90 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/add-pr-sizing-label.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/add-pr-sizing-label.yaml
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           # Clone into a temporary directory to avoid overwriting
           # any existing github directory.
-          pushd $(mktemp -d) &>/dev/null
+          pushd "$(mktemp -d)" &>/dev/null
           git clone --single-branch --depth 1 "https://github.com/kata-containers/.github" && cd .github/scripts
           sudo install pr-add-size-label.sh /usr/local/bin
           popd &>/dev/null
diff --git a/.github/workflows/build-checks.yaml b/.github/workflows/build-checks.yaml
index 1995ed4d5f..30d4c00cba 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build-checks.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build-checks.yaml
@@ -49,8 +49,8 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Adjust a permission for repo
         run: |
-          sudo chown -R $USER:$USER $GITHUB_WORKSPACE $HOME
-          sudo rm -rf $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/* && echo "GITHUB_WORKSPACE removed" || { sleep 10 && sudo rm -rf $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/*; }
+          sudo chown -R "$USER":"$USER" "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE" "$HOME"
+          sudo rm -rf "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE"/* || { sleep 10 && sudo rm -rf "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE"/*; }
           sudo rm -f /tmp/kata_hybrid*  # Sometime we got leftover from test_setup_hvsock_failed()
 
       - name: Checkout the code
@@ -67,12 +67,12 @@ jobs:
         if: ${{ matrix.component == 'runtime' }}
         run: |
           ./tests/install_go.sh -f -p
-          echo "/usr/local/go/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
+          echo "/usr/local/go/bin" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
       - name: Install rust
         if: ${{ matrix.component != 'runtime' }}
         run: |
           ./tests/install_rust.sh
-          echo "${HOME}/.cargo/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
+          echo "${HOME}/.cargo/bin" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
       - name: Install musl-tools
         if: ${{ matrix.component != 'runtime' }}
         run: sudo apt-get -y install musl-tools
@@ -86,8 +86,8 @@ jobs:
           gperf_install_dir=$(mktemp -d -t gperf.XXXXXXXXXX)
           ./ci/install_libseccomp.sh "${libseccomp_install_dir}" "${gperf_install_dir}"
           echo "Set environment variables for the libseccomp crate to link the libseccomp library statically"
-          echo "LIBSECCOMP_LINK_TYPE=static" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo "LIBSECCOMP_LIB_PATH=${libseccomp_install_dir}/lib" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "LIBSECCOMP_LINK_TYPE=static" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+          echo "LIBSECCOMP_LIB_PATH=${libseccomp_install_dir}/lib" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
       - name: Install protobuf-compiler
         if: ${{ matrix.command != 'make vendor' && (matrix.component == 'agent' || matrix.component == 'genpolicy' || matrix.component == 'agent-ctl') }}
         run: sudo apt-get -y install protobuf-compiler
@@ -97,8 +97,8 @@ jobs:
       - name: Setup XDG_RUNTIME_DIR for the `runtime` tests
         if: ${{ matrix.command != 'make vendor' && matrix.command != 'make check' && matrix.component == 'runtime' }}
         run: |
-          XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=$(mktemp -d /tmp/kata-tests-$USER.XXX | tee >(xargs chmod 0700))
-          echo "XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=$(mktemp -d "/tmp/kata-tests-$USER.XXX" | tee >(xargs chmod 0700))
+          echo "XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
       - name: Running `${{ matrix.command }}` for ${{ matrix.component }}
         run: |
           cd ${{ matrix.component-path }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/build-kata-static-tarball-amd64.yaml b/.github/workflows/build-kata-static-tarball-amd64.yaml
index 76b170faa5..d2dac9d4bc 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build-kata-static-tarball-amd64.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build-kata-static-tarball-amd64.yaml
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ jobs:
           make "${KATA_ASSET}-tarball"
           build_dir=$(readlink -f build)
           # store-artifact does not work with symlink
-          mkdir -p kata-build && cp "${build_dir}"/kata-static-${KATA_ASSET}*.tar.* kata-build/.
+          mkdir -p kata-build && cp "${build_dir}"/kata-static-"${KATA_ASSET}"*.tar.* kata-build/.
         env:
           KATA_ASSET: ${{ matrix.asset }}
           TAR_OUTPUT: ${{ matrix.asset }}.tar.gz
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ jobs:
           make "${KATA_ASSET}-tarball"
           build_dir=$(readlink -f build)
           # store-artifact does not work with symlink
-          mkdir -p kata-build && cp "${build_dir}"/kata-static-${KATA_ASSET}*.tar.* kata-build/.
+          mkdir -p kata-build && cp "${build_dir}"/kata-static-"${KATA_ASSET}"*.tar.* kata-build/.
         env:
           KATA_ASSET: ${{ matrix.asset }}
           TAR_OUTPUT: ${{ matrix.asset }}.tar.gz
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ jobs:
           make "${KATA_ASSET}-tarball"
           build_dir=$(readlink -f build)
           # store-artifact does not work with symlink
-          mkdir -p kata-build && cp "${build_dir}"/kata-static-${KATA_ASSET}*.tar.* kata-build/.
+          mkdir -p kata-build && cp "${build_dir}"/kata-static-"${KATA_ASSET}"*.tar.* kata-build/.
         env:
           KATA_ASSET: shim-v2
           TAR_OUTPUT: shim-v2.tar.gz
diff --git a/.github/workflows/build-kata-static-tarball-arm64.yaml b/.github/workflows/build-kata-static-tarball-arm64.yaml
index b277c6b159..b8adde4c2e 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build-kata-static-tarball-arm64.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build-kata-static-tarball-arm64.yaml
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ jobs:
           make "${KATA_ASSET}-tarball"
           build_dir=$(readlink -f build)
           # store-artifact does not work with symlink
-          mkdir -p kata-build && cp "${build_dir}"/kata-static-${KATA_ASSET}*.tar.* kata-build/.
+          mkdir -p kata-build && cp "${build_dir}"/kata-static-"${KATA_ASSET}"*.tar.* kata-build/.
         env:
           KATA_ASSET: ${{ matrix.asset }}
           TAR_OUTPUT: ${{ matrix.asset }}.tar.gz
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ jobs:
           make "${KATA_ASSET}-tarball"
           build_dir=$(readlink -f build)
           # store-artifact does not work with symlink
-          mkdir -p kata-build && cp "${build_dir}"/kata-static-${KATA_ASSET}*.tar.* kata-build/.
+          mkdir -p kata-build && cp "${build_dir}"/kata-static-"${KATA_ASSET}"*.tar.* kata-build/.
         env:
           KATA_ASSET: ${{ matrix.asset }}
           TAR_OUTPUT: ${{ matrix.asset }}.tar.gz
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ jobs:
           make "${KATA_ASSET}-tarball"
           build_dir=$(readlink -f build)
           # store-artifact does not work with symlink
-          mkdir -p kata-build && cp "${build_dir}"/kata-static-${KATA_ASSET}*.tar.* kata-build/.
+          mkdir -p kata-build && cp "${build_dir}"/kata-static-"${KATA_ASSET}"*.tar.* kata-build/.
         env:
           KATA_ASSET: shim-v2
           TAR_OUTPUT: shim-v2.tar.gz
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Adjust a permission for repo
         run: |
-          sudo chown -R $USER:$USER $GITHUB_WORKSPACE
+          sudo chown -R "$USER":"$USER" "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE"
 
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/build-kata-static-tarball-ppc64le.yaml b/.github/workflows/build-kata-static-tarball-ppc64le.yaml
index 3b2f2b8fcc..5f552b0db4 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build-kata-static-tarball-ppc64le.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build-kata-static-tarball-ppc64le.yaml
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Prepare the self-hosted runner
         run: |
-            ${HOME}/scripts/prepare_runner.sh
-            sudo rm -rf $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/*
+            "${HOME}/scripts/prepare_runner.sh"
+            sudo rm -rf "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE"/*
 
       - name: Login to Kata Containers quay.io
         if: ${{ inputs.push-to-registry == 'yes' }}
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ jobs:
           make "${KATA_ASSET}-tarball"
           build_dir=$(readlink -f build)
           # store-artifact does not work with symlink
-          mkdir -p kata-build && cp "${build_dir}"/kata-static-${KATA_ASSET}*.tar.* kata-build/.
+          mkdir -p kata-build && cp "${build_dir}"/kata-static-"${KATA_ASSET}"*.tar.* kata-build/.
         env:
           KATA_ASSET: ${{ matrix.asset }}
           TAR_OUTPUT: ${{ matrix.asset }}.tar.gz
@@ -94,8 +94,8 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Prepare the self-hosted runner
         run: |
-            ${HOME}/scripts/prepare_runner.sh
-            sudo rm -rf $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/*
+            "${HOME}/scripts/prepare_runner.sh"
+            sudo rm -rf "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE"/*
 
       - name: Login to Kata Containers quay.io
         if: ${{ inputs.push-to-registry == 'yes' }}
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ jobs:
           make "${KATA_ASSET}-tarball"
           build_dir=$(readlink -f build)
           # store-artifact does not work with symlink
-          mkdir -p kata-build && cp "${build_dir}"/kata-static-${KATA_ASSET}*.tar.* kata-build/.
+          mkdir -p kata-build && cp "${build_dir}"/kata-static-"${KATA_ASSET}"*.tar.* kata-build/.
         env:
           KATA_ASSET: ${{ matrix.asset }}
           TAR_OUTPUT: ${{ matrix.asset }}.tar.gz
@@ -167,8 +167,8 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Prepare the self-hosted runner
         run: |
-            ${HOME}/scripts/prepare_runner.sh
-            sudo rm -rf $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/*
+            "${HOME}/scripts/prepare_runner.sh"
+            sudo rm -rf "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE"/*
 
       - name: Login to Kata Containers quay.io
         if: ${{ inputs.push-to-registry == 'yes' }}
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ jobs:
           make "${KATA_ASSET}-tarball"
           build_dir=$(readlink -f build)
           # store-artifact does not work with symlink
-          mkdir -p kata-build && cp "${build_dir}"/kata-static-${KATA_ASSET}*.tar.* kata-build/.
+          mkdir -p kata-build && cp "${build_dir}"/kata-static-"${KATA_ASSET}"*.tar.* kata-build/.
         env:
           KATA_ASSET: shim-v2
           TAR_OUTPUT: shim-v2.tar.gz
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Adjust a permission for repo
         run: |
-          sudo chown -R $USER:$USER $GITHUB_WORKSPACE
+          sudo chown -R "$USER":"$USER" "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE"
 
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/build-kata-static-tarball-s390x.yaml b/.github/workflows/build-kata-static-tarball-s390x.yaml
index cd266b60bb..699e9598f2 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build-kata-static-tarball-s390x.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build-kata-static-tarball-s390x.yaml
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ jobs:
           make "${KATA_ASSET}-tarball"
           build_dir=$(readlink -f build)
           # store-artifact does not work with symlink
-          mkdir -p kata-build && cp "${build_dir}"/kata-static-${KATA_ASSET}*.tar.* kata-build/.
+          mkdir -p kata-build && cp "${build_dir}"/kata-static-"${KATA_ASSET}"*.tar.* kata-build/.
         env:
           KATA_ASSET: ${{ matrix.asset }}
           TAR_OUTPUT: ${{ matrix.asset }}.tar.gz
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ jobs:
           make "${KATA_ASSET}-tarball"
           build_dir=$(readlink -f build)
           # store-artifact does not work with symlink
-          mkdir -p kata-build && cp "${build_dir}"/kata-static-${KATA_ASSET}*.tar.* kata-build/.
+          mkdir -p kata-build && cp "${build_dir}"/kata-static-"${KATA_ASSET}"*.tar.* kata-build/.
         env:
           KATA_ASSET: ${{ matrix.asset }}
           TAR_OUTPUT: ${{ matrix.asset }}.tar.gz
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ jobs:
           make boot-image-se-tarball
           build_dir=$(readlink -f build)
           sudo cp -r "${build_dir}" "kata-build"
-          sudo chown -R $(id -u):$(id -g) "kata-build"
+          sudo chown -R "$(id -u)":"$(id -g)" "kata-build"
         env:
           HKD_PATH: "host-key-document"
 
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ jobs:
           make "${KATA_ASSET}-tarball"
           build_dir=$(readlink -f build)
           # store-artifact does not work with symlink
-          mkdir -p kata-build && cp "${build_dir}"/kata-static-${KATA_ASSET}*.tar.* kata-build/.
+          mkdir -p kata-build && cp "${build_dir}"/kata-static-"${KATA_ASSET}"*.tar.* kata-build/.
         env:
           KATA_ASSET: shim-v2
           TAR_OUTPUT: shim-v2.tar.gz
diff --git a/.github/workflows/cargo-deny-runner.yaml b/.github/workflows/cargo-deny-runner.yaml
index 9e18198902..f0b1a6e361 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/cargo-deny-runner.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/cargo-deny-runner.yaml
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ jobs:
         run: bash cargo-deny-generator.sh
         working-directory: ./.github/cargo-deny-composite-action/
         env:
-          GOPATH: ${{ runner.workspace }}/kata-containers
+          GOPATH: ${{ github.workspace }}/kata-containers
       - name: Run Action
         if: ${{ !contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'force-skip-ci') }}
         uses: ./.github/cargo-deny-composite-action
diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci-nightly-s390x.yaml b/.github/workflows/ci-nightly-s390x.yaml
index f3817520a1..3ffec86e23 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci-nightly-s390x.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci-nightly-s390x.yaml
@@ -16,6 +16,6 @@ jobs:
     - name: Fetch a test result for {{ matrix.test_title }}
       run: |
         file_name="${TEST_TITLE}-$(date +%Y-%m-%d).log"
-        /home/${USER}/script/handle_test_log.sh download $file_name
+        "/home/${USER}/script/handle_test_log.sh" download "$file_name"
       env:
         TEST_TITLE: ${{ matrix.test_title }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci-weekly.yaml b/.github/workflows/ci-weekly.yaml
index 9cb4d7d4ed..8b0edbed49 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci-weekly.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci-weekly.yaml
@@ -83,4 +83,5 @@ jobs:
       commit-hash: ${{ inputs.commit-hash }}
       pr-number: ${{ inputs.pr-number }}
       target-branch: ${{ inputs.target-branch }}
+      tarball-suffix: -${{ inputs.tag }}
     secrets: inherit
diff --git a/.github/workflows/darwin-tests.yaml b/.github/workflows/darwin-tests.yaml
index d3d1c2a38a..3d0f4fae03 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/darwin-tests.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/darwin-tests.yaml
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: macos-latest
     steps:
     - name: Install Go
-      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
+      uses: actions/setup-go@v5
       with:
         go-version: 1.22.2
     - name: Checkout code
diff --git a/.github/workflows/docs-url-alive-check.yaml b/.github/workflows/docs-url-alive-check.yaml
index a133437981..4f093294fe 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/docs-url-alive-check.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/docs-url-alive-check.yaml
@@ -12,15 +12,15 @@ jobs:
       target_branch: ${{ github.base_ref }}
     steps:
     - name: Install Go
-      uses: actions/setup-go@v2
+      uses: actions/setup-go@v5
       with:
         go-version: 1.22.2
       env:
-        GOPATH: ${{ runner.workspace }}/kata-containers
+        GOPATH: ${{ github.workspace }}/kata-containers
     - name: Set env
       run: |
-        echo "GOPATH=${{ github.workspace }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-        echo "${{ github.workspace }}/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
+        echo "GOPATH=${{ github.workspace }}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+        echo "${{ github.workspace }}/bin" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
     - name: Checkout code
       uses: actions/checkout@v4
       with:
@@ -29,4 +29,4 @@ jobs:
     # docs url alive check
     - name: Docs URL Alive Check
       run: |
-        cd ${GOPATH}/src/github.com/${{ github.repository }} && make docs-url-alive-check
+        cd "${GOPATH}/src/github.com/${{ github.repository }}" && make docs-url-alive-check
diff --git a/.github/workflows/kata-runtime-classes-sync.yaml b/.github/workflows/kata-runtime-classes-sync.yaml
index ae3935872b..80837b49d9 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/kata-runtime-classes-sync.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/kata-runtime-classes-sync.yaml
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@ jobs:
       run: |
         pushd tools/packaging/kata-deploy/runtimeclasses/
         echo "::group::Combine runtime classes"
-        for runtimeClass in `find . -type f \( -name "*.yaml" -and -not -name "kata-runtimeClasses.yaml" \) | sort`; do
+        for runtimeClass in $(find . -type f \( -name "*.yaml" -and -not -name "kata-runtimeClasses.yaml" \) | sort); do
             echo "Adding ${runtimeClass} to the resultingRuntimeClasses.yaml"
-            cat ${runtimeClass} >> resultingRuntimeClasses.yaml;
+            cat "${runtimeClass}" >> resultingRuntimeClasses.yaml;
         done
         echo "::endgroup::"
         echo "::group::Displaying the content of resultingRuntimeClasses.yaml"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/move-issues-to-in-progress.yaml b/.github/workflows/move-issues-to-in-progress.yaml
index b59544f8f5..d845082c3a 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/move-issues-to-in-progress.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/move-issues-to-in-progress.yaml
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           # Clone into a temporary directory to avoid overwriting
           # any existing github directory.
-          pushd $(mktemp -d) &>/dev/null
+          pushd "$(mktemp -d)" &>/dev/null
           git clone --single-branch --depth 1 "https://github.com/kata-containers/.github" && cd .github/scripts
           sudo install hub-util.sh /usr/local/bin
           popd &>/dev/null
@@ -72,9 +72,9 @@ jobs:
           project_type="org"
           project_column="In progress"
 
-          for issue_url in $(echo "$linked_issue_urls")
+          for issue_url in $linked_issue_urls
           do
-            issue=$(echo "$issue_url"| awk -F\/ '{print $NF}' || true)
+            issue=$(echo "$issue_url"| awk -F/ '{print $NF}' || true)
 
             [ -z "$issue" ] && {
               echo "::error::Cannot determine issue number from $issue_url for PR $pr"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/publish-kata-deploy-payload-amd64.yaml b/.github/workflows/publish-kata-deploy-payload-amd64.yaml
index c0d4f31337..260f7efaf5 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/publish-kata-deploy-payload-amd64.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/publish-kata-deploy-payload-amd64.yaml
@@ -62,5 +62,5 @@ jobs:
         id: build-and-push-kata-payload
         run: |
           ./tools/packaging/kata-deploy/local-build/kata-deploy-build-and-upload-payload.sh \
-          $(pwd)/kata-static.tar.xz \
+          "$(pwd)"/kata-static.tar.xz \
           ${{ inputs.registry }}/${{ inputs.repo }} ${{ inputs.tag }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/publish-kata-deploy-payload-arm64.yaml b/.github/workflows/publish-kata-deploy-payload-arm64.yaml
index 5a6737f7ae..eb2f714874 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/publish-kata-deploy-payload-arm64.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/publish-kata-deploy-payload-arm64.yaml
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Adjust a permission for repo
         run: |
-          sudo chown -R $USER:$USER $GITHUB_WORKSPACE
+          sudo chown -R "$USER":"$USER" "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE"
 
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
@@ -66,6 +66,5 @@ jobs:
         id: build-and-push-kata-payload
         run: |
           ./tools/packaging/kata-deploy/local-build/kata-deploy-build-and-upload-payload.sh \
-          $(pwd)/kata-static.tar.xz \
+          "$(pwd)"/kata-static.tar.xz \
           ${{ inputs.registry }}/${{ inputs.repo }} ${{ inputs.tag }}
-
diff --git a/.github/workflows/publish-kata-deploy-payload-ppc64le.yaml b/.github/workflows/publish-kata-deploy-payload-ppc64le.yaml
index 04f423d3e4..34dd746871 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/publish-kata-deploy-payload-ppc64le.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/publish-kata-deploy-payload-ppc64le.yaml
@@ -28,12 +28,12 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Prepare the self-hosted runner
         run: |
-          ${HOME}/scripts/prepare_runner.sh
-          sudo rm -rf $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/*
+          "${HOME}/scripts/prepare_runner.sh"
+          sudo rm -rf "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE"/*
 
       - name: Adjust a permission for repo
         run: |
-          sudo chown -R $USER:$USER $GITHUB_WORKSPACE
+          sudo chown -R "$USER":"$USER" "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE"
 
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
@@ -71,5 +71,5 @@ jobs:
         id: build-and-push-kata-payload
         run: |
           ./tools/packaging/kata-deploy/local-build/kata-deploy-build-and-upload-payload.sh \
-          $(pwd)/kata-static.tar.xz \
+          "$(pwd)"/kata-static.tar.xz \
           ${{ inputs.registry }}/${{ inputs.repo }} ${{ inputs.tag }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/publish-kata-deploy-payload-s390x.yaml b/.github/workflows/publish-kata-deploy-payload-s390x.yaml
index 3ad8ba65ad..9632f160c0 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/publish-kata-deploy-payload-s390x.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/publish-kata-deploy-payload-s390x.yaml
@@ -62,5 +62,5 @@ jobs:
         id: build-and-push-kata-payload
         run: |
           ./tools/packaging/kata-deploy/local-build/kata-deploy-build-and-upload-payload.sh \
-          $(pwd)/kata-static.tar.xz \
+          "$(pwd)"/kata-static.tar.xz \
           ${{ inputs.registry }}/${{ inputs.repo }} ${{ inputs.tag }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release-amd64.yaml b/.github/workflows/release-amd64.yaml
index 4ac868cdf2..5e519b0ae4 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release-amd64.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-amd64.yaml
@@ -42,18 +42,18 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           # We need to do such trick here as the format of the $GITHUB_REF
           # is "refs/tags/<tag>"
-          tag=$(echo $GITHUB_REF | cut -d/ -f3-)
+          tag=$(echo "$GITHUB_REF" | cut -d/ -f3-)
           if [ "${tag}" = "main" ]; then
               tag=$(./tools/packaging/release/release.sh release-version)
-              tags=(${tag} "latest")
+              tags=("${tag}" "latest")
           else
-              tags=(${tag})
+              tags=("${tag}")
           fi
-          for tag in ${tags[@]}; do
+          for tag in "${tags[@]}"; do
               ./tools/packaging/kata-deploy/local-build/kata-deploy-build-and-upload-payload.sh \
-                  $(pwd)/kata-static.tar.xz "docker.io/katadocker/kata-deploy" \
+                  "$(pwd)"/kata-static.tar.xz "docker.io/katadocker/kata-deploy" \
                   "${tag}-${{ inputs.target-arch }}"
               ./tools/packaging/kata-deploy/local-build/kata-deploy-build-and-upload-payload.sh \
-                  $(pwd)/kata-static.tar.xz "quay.io/kata-containers/kata-deploy" \
+                  "$(pwd)"/kata-static.tar.xz "quay.io/kata-containers/kata-deploy" \
                   "${tag}-${{ inputs.target-arch }}"
           done
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release-arm64.yaml b/.github/workflows/release-arm64.yaml
index 5003606e1a..b132a7fc1f 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release-arm64.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-arm64.yaml
@@ -42,18 +42,18 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           # We need to do such trick here as the format of the $GITHUB_REF
           # is "refs/tags/<tag>"
-          tag=$(echo $GITHUB_REF | cut -d/ -f3-)
+          tag=$(echo "$GITHUB_REF" | cut -d/ -f3-)
           if [ "${tag}" = "main" ]; then
               tag=$(./tools/packaging/release/release.sh release-version)
-              tags=(${tag} "latest")
+              tags=("${tag}" "latest")
           else
-              tags=(${tag})
+              tags=("${tag}")
           fi
-          for tag in ${tags[@]}; do
+          for tag in "${tags[@]}"; do
               ./tools/packaging/kata-deploy/local-build/kata-deploy-build-and-upload-payload.sh \
-                  $(pwd)/kata-static.tar.xz "docker.io/katadocker/kata-deploy" \
+                  "$(pwd)"/kata-static.tar.xz "docker.io/katadocker/kata-deploy" \
                   "${tag}-${{ inputs.target-arch }}"
               ./tools/packaging/kata-deploy/local-build/kata-deploy-build-and-upload-payload.sh \
-                  $(pwd)/kata-static.tar.xz "quay.io/kata-containers/kata-deploy" \
+                  "$(pwd)"/kata-static.tar.xz "quay.io/kata-containers/kata-deploy" \
                   "${tag}-${{ inputs.target-arch }}"
           done
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release-ppc64le.yaml b/.github/workflows/release-ppc64le.yaml
index 36f0379de5..1db17a3ec9 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release-ppc64le.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-ppc64le.yaml
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Prepare the self-hosted runner
         run: |
-          bash ${HOME}/scripts/prepare_runner.sh
-          sudo rm -rf $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/*
+          bash "${HOME}/scripts/prepare_runner.sh"
+          sudo rm -rf "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE"/*
 
       - name: Login to Kata Containers docker.io
         uses: docker/login-action@v3
@@ -47,18 +47,18 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           # We need to do such trick here as the format of the $GITHUB_REF
           # is "refs/tags/<tag>"
-          tag=$(echo $GITHUB_REF | cut -d/ -f3-)
+          tag=$(echo "$GITHUB_REF" | cut -d/ -f3-)
           if [ "${tag}" = "main" ]; then
               tag=$(./tools/packaging/release/release.sh release-version)
-              tags=(${tag} "latest")
+              tags=("${tag}" "latest")
           else
-              tags=(${tag})
+              tags=("${tag}")
           fi
-          for tag in ${tags[@]}; do
+          for tag in "${tags[@]}"; do
               ./tools/packaging/kata-deploy/local-build/kata-deploy-build-and-upload-payload.sh \
-                  $(pwd)/kata-static.tar.xz "docker.io/katadocker/kata-deploy" \
+                  "$(pwd)"/kata-static.tar.xz "docker.io/katadocker/kata-deploy" \
                   "${tag}-${{ inputs.target-arch }}"
               ./tools/packaging/kata-deploy/local-build/kata-deploy-build-and-upload-payload.sh \
-                  $(pwd)/kata-static.tar.xz "quay.io/kata-containers/kata-deploy" \
+                  "$(pwd)"/kata-static.tar.xz "quay.io/kata-containers/kata-deploy" \
                   "${tag}-${{ inputs.target-arch }}"
           done
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release-s390x.yaml b/.github/workflows/release-s390x.yaml
index 4d54c90e02..1909b3f5ef 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release-s390x.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-s390x.yaml
@@ -42,18 +42,18 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           # We need to do such trick here as the format of the $GITHUB_REF
           # is "refs/tags/<tag>"
-          tag=$(echo $GITHUB_REF | cut -d/ -f3-)
+          tag=$(echo "$GITHUB_REF" | cut -d/ -f3-)
           if [ "${tag}" = "main" ]; then
               tag=$(./tools/packaging/release/release.sh release-version)
-              tags=(${tag} "latest")
+              tags=("${tag}" "latest")
           else
-              tags=(${tag})
+              tags=("${tag}")
           fi
-          for tag in ${tags[@]}; do
+          for tag in "${tags[@]}"; do
               ./tools/packaging/kata-deploy/local-build/kata-deploy-build-and-upload-payload.sh \
-                  $(pwd)/kata-static.tar.xz "docker.io/katadocker/kata-deploy" \
+                  "$(pwd)"/kata-static.tar.xz "docker.io/katadocker/kata-deploy" \
                   "${tag}-${{ inputs.target-arch }}"
               ./tools/packaging/kata-deploy/local-build/kata-deploy-build-and-upload-payload.sh \
-                  $(pwd)/kata-static.tar.xz "quay.io/kata-containers/kata-deploy" \
+                  "$(pwd)"/kata-static.tar.xz "quay.io/kata-containers/kata-deploy" \
                   "${tag}-${{ inputs.target-arch }}"
           done
diff --git a/.github/workflows/run-cri-containerd-tests-ppc64le.yaml b/.github/workflows/run-cri-containerd-tests-ppc64le.yaml
index 8a8a8e9c66..2614f63ea6 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/run-cri-containerd-tests-ppc64le.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/run-cri-containerd-tests-ppc64le.yaml
@@ -30,12 +30,12 @@ jobs:
       KATA_HYPERVISOR: ${{ matrix.vmm }}
     steps:
       - name: Adjust a permission for repo
-        run: sudo chown -R $USER:$USER $GITHUB_WORKSPACE
-  
+        run: sudo chown -R "$USER":"$USER" "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE"
+
       - name: Prepare the self-hosted runner
         run: |
-          bash ${HOME}/scripts/prepare_runner.sh cri-containerd
-          sudo rm -rf $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/*
+          bash "${HOME}/scripts/prepare_runner.sh" cri-containerd
+          sudo rm -rf "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE"/*
 
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
@@ -62,6 +62,6 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Run cri-containerd tests
         run: bash tests/integration/cri-containerd/gha-run.sh run
-      
+
       - name: Cleanup actions for the self hosted runner
-        run: ${HOME}/scripts/cleanup_runner.sh
+        run: bash "${HOME}/scripts/cleanup_runner.sh"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/run-k8s-tests-on-amd64.yaml b/.github/workflows/run-k8s-tests-on-amd64.yaml
index 66fe6b73d8..8a12687d32 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/run-k8s-tests-on-amd64.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/run-k8s-tests-on-amd64.yaml
@@ -86,11 +86,11 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Install `bats`
         run: bash tests/integration/kubernetes/gha-run.sh install-bats
-  
+
       - name: Run tests
         timeout-minutes: 30
         run: bash tests/integration/kubernetes/gha-run.sh run-tests
-  
+
       - name: Collect artifacts ${{ matrix.vmm }}
         if: always()
         run: bash tests/integration/kubernetes/gha-run.sh collect-artifacts
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Archive artifacts ${{ matrix.vmm }}
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
-          name: k8s-tests-${{ matrix.vmm }}-${{ matrix.snapshotter }}-${{ matrix.k8s }}-${{ matrix.instance }}-${{ inputs.tag }}
+          name: k8s-tests-${{ matrix.vmm }}-${{ matrix.snapshotter }}-${{ matrix.k8s }}-${{ inputs.tag }}
           path: /tmp/artifacts
           retention-days: 1
 
diff --git a/.github/workflows/run-k8s-tests-on-ppc64le.yaml b/.github/workflows/run-k8s-tests-on-ppc64le.yaml
index e8d7d929dc..5c6a885f07 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/run-k8s-tests-on-ppc64le.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/run-k8s-tests-on-ppc64le.yaml
@@ -44,9 +44,9 @@ jobs:
       TARGET_ARCH: "ppc64le"
     steps:
       - name: Prepare the self-hosted runner
-        run: | 
-          bash ${HOME}/scripts/prepare_runner.sh kubernetes
-          sudo rm -rf $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/*
+        run: |
+          bash "${HOME}/scripts/prepare_runner.sh" kubernetes
+          sudo rm -rf "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE"/*
 
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
@@ -62,13 +62,13 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install golang
         run: |
           ./tests/install_go.sh -f -p
-          echo "/usr/local/go/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
+          echo "/usr/local/go/bin" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
 
       - name: Prepare the runner for k8s cluster creation
-        run: bash ${HOME}/scripts/k8s_cluster_cleanup.sh
+        run: bash "${HOME}/scripts/k8s_cluster_cleanup.sh"
 
       - name: Create k8s cluster using kubeadm
-        run: bash ${HOME}/scripts/k8s_cluster_create.sh
+        run: bash "${HOME}/scripts/k8s_cluster_create.sh"
 
       - name: Deploy Kata
         timeout-minutes: 10
@@ -79,4 +79,4 @@ jobs:
         run: bash tests/integration/kubernetes/gha-run.sh run-tests
 
       - name: Delete cluster and post cleanup actions
-        run: bash ${HOME}/scripts/k8s_cluster_cleanup.sh
+        run: bash "${HOME}/scripts/k8s_cluster_cleanup.sh"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/run-k8s-tests-on-zvsi.yaml b/.github/workflows/run-k8s-tests-on-zvsi.yaml
index debe41939c..8b18ea8cfe 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/run-k8s-tests-on-zvsi.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/run-k8s-tests-on-zvsi.yaml
@@ -88,13 +88,13 @@ jobs:
           TARGET_BRANCH: ${{ inputs.target-branch }}
 
       - name: Set SNAPSHOTTER to empty if overlayfs
-        run: echo "SNAPSHOTTER=" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+        run: echo "SNAPSHOTTER=" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
         if: ${{ matrix.snapshotter == 'overlayfs' }}
 
       - name: Set KBS and KBS_INGRESS if qemu-coco-dev
         run: |
-          echo "KBS=true" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo "KBS_INGRESS=nodeport" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "KBS=true" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+          echo "KBS_INGRESS=nodeport" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
         if: ${{ matrix.vmm == 'qemu-coco-dev' }}
 
       # qemu-runtime-rs only works with overlayfs
diff --git a/.github/workflows/run-kata-coco-stability-tests.yaml b/.github/workflows/run-kata-coco-stability-tests.yaml
index 42d46696d5..11ec21a139 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/run-kata-coco-stability-tests.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/run-kata-coco-stability-tests.yaml
@@ -21,6 +21,9 @@ on:
         required: false
         type: string
         default: ""
+      tarball-suffix:
+        required: false
+        type: string
 
 jobs:
   # Generate jobs for testing CoCo on non-TEE environments
@@ -40,7 +43,6 @@ jobs:
       DOCKER_REPO: ${{ inputs.repo }}
       DOCKER_TAG: ${{ inputs.tag }}
       GH_PR_NUMBER: ${{ inputs.pr-number }}
-      KATA_HOST_OS: ${{ matrix.host_os }}
       KATA_HYPERVISOR: ${{ matrix.vmm }}
       # Some tests rely on that variable to run (or not)
       KBS: "true"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/run-kata-coco-tests.yaml b/.github/workflows/run-kata-coco-tests.yaml
index 47719247e2..34956a54d6 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/run-kata-coco-tests.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/run-kata-coco-tests.yaml
@@ -288,7 +288,6 @@ jobs:
       DOCKER_REPO: ${{ inputs.repo }}
       DOCKER_TAG: ${{ inputs.tag }}
       GH_PR_NUMBER: ${{ inputs.pr-number }}
-      KATA_HOST_OS: ${{ matrix.host_os }}
       KATA_HYPERVISOR: ${{ matrix.vmm }}
       # Some tests rely on that variable to run (or not)
       KBS: "true"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/static-checks.yaml b/.github/workflows/static-checks.yaml
index cf33405967..1438c634e4 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/static-checks.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/static-checks.yaml
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           kernel_dir="tools/packaging/kernel/"
           kernel_version_file="${kernel_dir}kata_config_version"
-          modified_files=$(git diff --name-only origin/$GITHUB_BASE_REF..HEAD)
-          if git diff --name-only origin/$GITHUB_BASE_REF..HEAD "${kernel_dir}" | grep "${kernel_dir}"; then
+          modified_files=$(git diff --name-only origin/"$GITHUB_BASE_REF"..HEAD)
+          if git diff --name-only origin/"$GITHUB_BASE_REF"..HEAD "${kernel_dir}" | grep "${kernel_dir}"; then
             echo "Kernel directory has changed, checking if $kernel_version_file has been updated"
             if echo "$modified_files" | grep -v "README.md" | grep "${kernel_dir}" >>"/dev/null"; then
               echo "$modified_files" | grep "$kernel_version_file" >>/dev/null || ( echo "Please bump version in $kernel_version_file" && exit 1)
@@ -107,19 +107,19 @@ jobs:
           path: ./src/github.com/${{ github.repository }}
       - name: Install yq
         run: |
-          cd ${GOPATH}/src/github.com/${{ github.repository }}
+          cd "${GOPATH}/src/github.com/${{ github.repository }}"
           ./ci/install_yq.sh
         env:
           INSTALL_IN_GOPATH: false
       - name: Install golang
         run: |
-          cd ${GOPATH}/src/github.com/${{ github.repository }}
+          cd "${GOPATH}/src/github.com/${{ github.repository }}"
           ./tests/install_go.sh -f -p
-          echo "/usr/local/go/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
+          echo "/usr/local/go/bin" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
       - name: Install system dependencies
         run: |
           sudo apt-get -y install moreutils hunspell hunspell-en-gb hunspell-en-us pandoc
       - name: Run check
         run: |
-          export PATH=${PATH}:${GOPATH}/bin
-          cd ${GOPATH}/src/github.com/${{ github.repository }} && ${{ matrix.cmd }}
+          export PATH="${PATH}:${GOPATH}/bin"
+          cd "${GOPATH}/src/github.com/${{ github.repository }}" && ${{ matrix.cmd }}
diff --git a/src/runtime/pkg/govmm/.github/workflows/main.yml b/src/runtime/pkg/govmm/.github/workflows/main.yml
index 5765147660..6c6841ca13 100644
--- a/src/runtime/pkg/govmm/.github/workflows/main.yml
+++ b/src/runtime/pkg/govmm/.github/workflows/main.yml
@@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     steps:
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v2
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
           go-version: ${{ matrix.go-version }}
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: golangci-lint
-        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v2
+        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v6
         with:
           version: latest
           args: -c .golangci.yml -v