The dragonball nerdctl CI job can race when creating and attaching the
runtime process to the sandbox cgroup, surfacing an os error 17
(AlreadyExists) during shim task creation.
Let's retry add_proc once on this pre-existing cgroup condition so
startup remains robust.
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Fidêncio <ffidencio@nvidia.com>
Assisted-by: Codex <codex@openai.com>
Low-CPU sandboxes can take longer than a few seconds to complete guest
boot and start the agent.
Let's clamp the reconnect timeout to a safe minimum so sandbox startup
does not fail early with transient vsock ECONNRESET.
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Fidêncio <ffidencio@nvidia.com>
Assisted-by: Codex <codex@openai.com>
When static sandbox resource management is enabled, CRI CPU/memory
sizing may live only in sandbox annotations and be missing from the OCI
spec.
Let's fill missing sizing fields from annotations before applying static
VM sizing so runtime-rs follows the expected Kubernetes behavior for
constrained pods.
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Fidêncio <ffidencio@nvidia.com>
Assisted-by: Codex <codex@openai.com>
Add top-level runtime-rs Makefile options `DEFSANDBOXCGROUP_ONLY` and
`DEFSTATICRESOURCEMGMT`, both defaulting to true, and use them for the
runtime defaults that previously disabled these paths.
This aligns runtime-rs defaults with static sandbox resource management,
which sizes sandbox memory up front instead of relying on memory hotplug,
helping avoid architecture-specific hotplug limitations.
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Fidêncio <ffidencio@nvidia.com>
Migrate trace-forwarder from the deprecated opentelemetry-jaeger
exporter to the modern opentelemetry-otlp exporter.
This change remediates GHSA-2f9f-gq7v-9h6m (CVE-2026-43868), a
medium-severity vulnerability in Apache Thrift. The opentelemetry-jaeger
crate is no longer maintained and depends on vulnerable thrift versions
(0.13.0 and 0.16.0). The opentelemetry-otlp exporter does not use thrift
and is actively maintained.
Changes:
- Replace opentelemetry-jaeger with opentelemetry-otlp in Cargo.toml
- Update tracer.rs to use OTLP exporter instead of Jaeger exporter
- Replace --jaeger-host/--jaeger-port flags with --otlp-endpoint flag
- Update server.rs to use TracerProvider instead of SpanExporter
- Update documentation to reflect OTLP migration
- Add examples for common OTLP-compatible collectors
Breaking change: Users must update their trace-forwarder invocations
to use --otlp-endpoint instead of --jaeger-host and --jaeger-port.
Default endpoint: http://localhost:4317 (OTLP gRPC)
Generated-by: IBM Bob
Signed-off-by: stevenhorsman <steven@uk.ibm.com>
Co-authored-by: Hyounggyu Choi <Hyounggyu.Choi@ibm.com>
When CreateContainer fails before the runtime instance is registered
(e.g. a hypervisor/cgroup error), no sandbox exists to drive the normal
teardown. containerd's follow-up Shutdown RPC then reaches
get_runtime_instance(), fails with "runtime not ready", and returns
before the service loop is ever told to stop. Because the shim ignores
SIGTERM, the containerd-shim-kata-v2 daemon is left running and orphaned.
Make the Shutdown RPC force the daemon to exit when there is no runtime
instance, emitting the same Action::Shutdown that sandbox.shutdown()
sends on the normal path. This guarantees the shim process is reaped
after a failed create instead of leaking.
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Fidêncio <ffidencio@nvidia.com>
Assisted-by: Cursor <noreply@cursor.com>
Bump the go version to resolve CVEs:
- GO-2026-5037
- GO-2026-5038
- GO-2026-5039
Signed-off-by: stevenhorsman <steven@uk.ibm.com>
Generated-By: IBM Bob
QEMU maxcpus enables CPU hotplug capabilities but it's unused when
confidential guest is enabled.
Change Go runtime code to skip setting maxcpus QEMU cmdline if CPU hotplug
is not needed.
Commit 07db945b09 built a relationship between kernel's cmdline nr_cpus and
the maxcpus config. Now that maxcpus is dropped for confidential guests, drop
nr_cpus from kernel commandline too. This hopefully helps with the reference
values computation too.
Signed-off-by: Mikko Ylinen <mikko.ylinen@intel.com>
QEMU maxcpus enables CPU hotplug capabilities but it's unused when
confidential guest is enabled.
Change runtime-rs code to skip setting maxcpus QEMU cmdline if CPU hotplug
is not needed.
Signed-off-by: Mikko Ylinen <mikko.ylinen@intel.com>
Bump golang.org/x/net from v0.53.0 to v0.55.0 and golang.org/x/sys
from v0.43.0 to v0.44.0 to resolve CVEs:
- GO-2026-5024
- GO-2026-5025
- GO-2026-5026
- GO-2026-5027
- GO-2026-5028
- GO-2026-5029
- GO-2026-5030
Signed-off-by: stevenhorsman <steven@uk.ibm.com>
Generated-By: IBM Bob
Bump golang.org/x/net from v0.53.0 to v0.55.0 and golang.org/x/sys
from v0.43.0 to v0.44.0 to resolve CVEs:
- GO-2026-5024
- GO-2026-5025
- GO-2026-5026
- GO-2026-5027
- GO-2026-5028
- GO-2026-5029
- GO-2026-5030
Signed-off-by: stevenhorsman <steven@uk.ibm.com>
Generated-By: IBM Bob
Run cargo fmt on runtime-rs to ensure consistent formatting
with Rust 1.94 toolchain.
Signed-off-by: stevenhorsman <steven@uk.ibm.com>
Generated-By: IBM Bob
Signed-off-by: stevenhorsman <steven@uk.ibm.com>
Rust 1.94 now warns about unnecessary unsafe blocks around
__get_cpuid_max(), __cpuid_count(), and host_cpuid() calls.
Remove the unsafe blocks as they are no longer needed.
This fixes the following clippy warnings in dbs-arch:
- warning: unnecessary `unsafe` block at brand_string.rs:106
- warning: unnecessary `unsafe` block at brand_string.rs:114
- warning: unnecessary `unsafe` block at common.rs:28
- warning: unnecessary `unsafe` block at common.rs:36
Signed-off-by: stevenhorsman <steven@uk.ibm.com>
Generated-By: IBM Bob
Rust 1.94 now warns about unnecessary unsafe blocks around
x86_64::__cpuid() calls. Remove the unsafe blocks as they are
no longer needed.
This fixes the following clippy warnings:
- warning: unnecessary `unsafe` block at line 129
- warning: unnecessary `unsafe` block at line 142
Signed-off-by: stevenhorsman <steven@uk.ibm.com>
Generated-By: IBM Bob
The shares-based fallback added for cpuManagerPolicy=static fired whenever
the quota-based CPU count was 0, including for BestEffort sandboxes that
have no CPU request. Those sandboxes still carry the cgroup-floor shares
value (2), so the fallback derived ceil(2/1024)=1 and inflated every such
sandbox by one vCPU. For peer-pods (static resource management) this
changed the VM sizing to default_vcpus+1, regressing the libvirt
instance-type CI checks.
Gate the fallback on the quota being explicitly unconstrained (< 0), which
is the actual cpuManagerPolicy=static signal, instead of on numCPU == 0.
BestEffort sandboxes (quota 0/absent) now correctly contribute 0 vCPUs
while the static-policy case still recovers the CPU count from shares.
Add unit tests covering the static-policy, rounding, BestEffort, and
explicit-quota cases.
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Fidêncio <ffidencio@nvidia.com>
The NVIDIA BF3 SR-IOV device plugin injects the VF BDF only as a
PCIDEVICE_* environment variable; it does not add the VFIO char device
to linux.devices in the OCI spec. As a result the agent's
container_has_vfio_device() gate stays closed and
expose_guest_infiniband_devices() is never triggered — leaving
/dev/infiniband absent from the container even though the guest kernel
created the IB devices (mlx5_core.rdma.0 probes successfully).
The cold_plug_bdfs map (host_bdf → guest_pci_path, built from network
endpoints via host_bdf()) was already present inside handler_devices()
but could never be consumed because the LinuxDeviceType::C loop has
no entries to iterate over when linux.devices is empty.
After that loop, iterate over any unmatched cold-plug BDFs, derive the
VFIO group path via bdf_to_vfio_group_path() (reads
/sys/bus/pci/devices/<bdf>/iommu_group), and push a vfio-pci-gk
ContainerDevice. The vfio_group_to_bdf() short-circuit inside the
loop handles the case where the device plugin does add VFIO char
devices to linux.devices; it now supports both legacy (/dev/vfio/N)
and iommufd (/dev/vfio/devices/vfioN) path formats.
Add host_bdf() to the Endpoint trait (default: None) so that
PhysicalEndpoint can expose its BDF for the cold_plug_bdfs map.
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Fidêncio <ffidencio@nvidia.com>
Assisted-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>
network.remove() — which detaches endpoints and rebinds VFs from
vfio-pci back to the host driver — was never being called.
ResourceManagerInner::cleanup() handled cgroups, bindmounts, share-fs,
swap and ephemeral disks, but completely omitted the network teardown.
Call network.remove() at the start of cleanup(), using the already-held
self.hypervisor reference. Errors are logged as warnings rather than
propagated, so they don't block the rest of the cleanup sequence.
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Fidêncio <ffidencio@nvidia.com>
Assisted-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>
network_with_netns::remove() bailed out early when network_created=false
(i.e. the netns was created by the CNI, not by kata). This caused
physical endpoint VFs to remain bound to vfio-pci after pod deletion,
because PhysicalEndpoint::detach() — which calls bind_device_to_host()
to rebind the VF from vfio-pci back to mlx5_core — was never reached.
Separate endpoint detachment from netns deletion: always detach
endpoints, but only remove the netns if kata created it. Detach errors
are logged as warnings rather than propagated, to mirror the Go runtime's
best-effort approach and avoid blocking sandbox teardown.
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Fidêncio <ffidencio@nvidia.com>
Assisted-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>
The PCIe topology pre-computes a wrong path for cold-plugged physical-
endpoint VFs because the root port has no explicit addr and QEMU auto-
assigns its slot. The pre-computed PciPath { slots: [PciSlot(0)] }
resolves to 0000:00:00.0 (the Q35 MCH), causing
wait_for_pci_net_interface to time out looking for a netdev there.
Add resolve_vfio_device_pci_path(hostdev_id) to the Hypervisor trait.
Implement it in QemuInner using qmp.get_device_by_qdev_id(), which
queries QEMU's query-pci to find the full guest PCIe path (e.g. "05/00"
= slot 5 on pcie.0 / slot 0 on the root port bus).
Store the QEMU device ID (hostdev_id) in PhysicalEndpoint during
attach(). Add vfio_hostdev_id() and set_guest_pci_path() to the
Endpoint trait and add an endpoints() accessor to the Network trait.
In setup_after_start_vm(), call resolve_physical_endpoint_pci_paths()
before apply_network_to_agent() to populate the correct path from QMP
into each PhysicalEndpoint's guest_pci_path field. The field is then
consumed by network_with_netns::interfaces() to fill Interface.device_path
before update_interface is sent to the agent.
This is the runtime-rs counterpart of the Go runtime's
ResolveColdPlugVFIOGuestPciPaths / qomGetPciPath.
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Fidêncio <ffidencio@nvidia.com>
Assisted-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>
Without device_path the agent receives Interface.device_path="" in
update_interface, falls back to a by-MAC link lookup, and fails for
SR-IOV VFs whose firmware MAC differs from the CNI-assigned MAC after
the vfio-pci unbind/rebind cycle.
The guest PCI path is computed at attach() time by do_add_pcie_endpoint()
inside VfioDevice::register() — no QMP query is needed. Cache it in
PhysicalEndpoint.guest_pci_path (Mutex<Option<String>>) during attach()
when do_handle_device() returns the DeviceType::Vfio with the path
already filled in.
Add a default-None guest_pci_path() method to the Endpoint trait;
PhysicalEndpoint overrides it to return the cached path. In
network_with_netns.rs::interfaces(), after building each Interface from
network_info, fill device_path from endpoint.guest_pci_path() when the
field would otherwise be empty.
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Fidêncio <ffidencio@nvidia.com>
Assisted-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>
Without an admin MAC the guest mlx5_core inherits whatever firmware-
default MAC the VF was created with. This MAC differs from the IB port
HCA MAC, so mlx5_ib's GID cache refuses to populate
/sys/class/infiniband/mlx5_*/ports/N/gids/*. RoCE appears active but
every verb needing a GID fails.
Before bind_device_to_vfio(), push the CNI-assigned MAC down to the VF
as an "admin MAC" via the parent PF using RTM_SETLINK with
IFLA_VFINFO_LIST — the netlink equivalent of
ip link set <PF> vf <N> mac <MAC>
The operation runs in a spawn_blocking closure that enters the host
network namespace (via NetnsGuard("/proc/1/ns/net")), since attach() is
called while the thread is inside the pod netns.
Best-effort: failures are logged at warn and the existing agent-side MAC
reconciliation (update_interface in rpc.rs) remains as a fallback for
L2/L3 connectivity.
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Fidêncio <ffidencio@nvidia.com>
Assisted-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>
DeviceType::Vfio (used by physical network VFs) was silently dropped
in start_vm()'s cold-plug loop, falling through to the unsupported-
device info log. The VF never appeared on the QEMU command line and
therefore never became visible inside the guest.
Add handling for DeviceType::Vfio in the start_vm() cold-plug loop.
For each HostDevice in the VfioDevice, emit:
-device vfio-pci,host=<bdf>,id=<hostdev_id>,bus=<root-port>, \
[x-pci-vendor-id=...,x-pci-device-id=...]
The bus assignment and guest PCI path are already computed by
do_add_pcie_endpoint() at VfioDevice::register() time (called from
VfioDevice::attach() via the PCIe topology), so no additional QMP
resolution is needed here.
Add id= support to PCIeVfioDevice so the QEMU device name is stable
and matchable in QMP queries. Add new_without_iommufd() constructor
for the non-IOMMUFD (legacy VFIO container) path used by physical
endpoints, and add_physical_vfio_device() to QemuCmdLine as a
direct emission helper.
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Fidêncio <ffidencio@nvidia.com>
Assisted-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>
When a VF is cold-plugged in guest-kernel mode, mlx5_core binds to the
PCI device inside the VM and mlx5_ib creates IB character devices under
/dev/infiniband/ (uverbs*, rdma_cm, umad*). The container cannot reach
these devices unless they are explicitly added to its OCI spec.
Add expose_guest_infiniband_devices(), called from create_devices() when
the container carries at least one VFIO device entry. The function:
- Walks /dev/infiniband/ inside the guest VM.
- Appends each char device to spec.linux.devices.
- Inserts matching cgroup allow rules (rwm).
- Is a no-op if /dev/infiniband/ is absent or empty (no IB driver,
or VF not yet rebound), so non-RDMA pods are unaffected.
Gate the call on container_has_vfio_device() so unrelated containers
sharing the sandbox do not get IB device access widened.
Add is_vfio_device_type() and snapshot_infiniband() to
kata-sys-util/pcilibs. is_vfio_device_type() lets the agent check
device type strings against the VFIO driver name constants without
duplication. snapshot_infiniband() summarises /sys/class/infiniband,
/sys/class/infiniband_verbs, and /dev/infiniband as a single diagnostic
string for log context; it lives in pcilibs because it has no
agent-specific dependencies (pure sysfs/devfs reads).
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Fidêncio <ffidencio@nvidia.com>
Assisted-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>
The NVIDIA BF3 SR-IOV device plugin injects the VF BDF only as a
PCIDEVICE_* environment variable; it does not add the VFIO char device
to linux.devices in the OCI spec. As a result the agent's
container_has_vfio_device() gate stays closed and
expose_guest_infiniband_devices() is never triggered — leaving
/dev/infiniband absent from the container even though the guest kernel
created the IB devices (mlx5_core.rdma.0 probes successfully).
Add appendPhysicalEndpointDevices() which runs after appendDevices()
in createContainer(). It walks the sandbox network endpoints; for
each PhysicalEndpoint with a resolved guest PCI path it derives the
VFIO group char path from sysfs (iommu_group symlink) and synthesises
a vfio-pci-gk Device entry. Both legacy group paths (/dev/vfio/N)
and iommufd cdev paths (/dev/vfio/devices/vfioN) are supported by
reading the iommu_group sysfs symlink.
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Fidêncio <ffidencio@nvidia.com>
Assisted-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>
Create configuration-clh-azure{,-runtime-rs}.toml from the base CLH
configs during build.
This keeps Mariner-specific defaults in explicit config artifacts
instead of ad-hoc runtime mutation.
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Fidêncio <ffidencio@nvidia.com>
Without an admin MAC, the guest's mlx5_core inherits the VF's
firmware-default MAC. This MAC differs from the IB port's HCA MAC, so
mlx5_ib's GID cache refuses to populate
/sys/class/infiniband/mlx5_*/ports/N/gids/*. RoCE then appears active
(port = ACTIVE, link_layer = Ethernet) but every verb that needs a GID
— RoCEv2 packets, address handles, librdmacm bind — fails silently.
Push the CNI-assigned MAC down to the VF as an "admin MAC" via the PF
using RTM_SETLINK before the bind-to-vfio-pci step. The firmware
applies the admin MAC during the VF reset that accompanies the
unbind/rebind cycle, so the guest sees a single consistent MAC across
netdev, IB port, and HCA.
Best-effort: failures are logged at warn and the existing agent-side
MAC reconciliation (rpc.rs::update_interface) remains as a fallback for
L2/L3 connectivity.
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Fidêncio <ffidencio@nvidia.com>
Assisted-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>
For QEMU cold-plug + guest-kernel mode the guest BDF of a cold-plugged
VFIO device is auto-allocated at boot (each pcie-root-port is added with
chassis=N,slot=N but no pinned addr=, so QEMU picks the next free slot
on pcie.0). The hot-plug path already queries QMP via qomGetPciPath;
reuse that same mechanism for cold-plugged devices.
Add ResolveColdPlugVFIOGuestPciPaths to the Hypervisor interface.
Implement it in qemu.go using qomGetPciPath. Add no-op stubs for all
other hypervisors.
Call it at the start of setupNetworks so that the PCI paths are resolved
before generateVCNetworkStructures emits the agent Interface proto. Also
stamp the resolved path onto PhysicalEndpoints (used by SR-IOV VFs
exposed as physical network devices) so that update_interface carries a
non-empty devicePath. Without devicePath the agent falls back to a
by-MAC link lookup which fails when the VF firmware MAC differs from the
CNI-assigned MAC after the vfio-pci unbind/rebind cycle.
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Fidêncio <ffidencio@nvidia.com>
Assisted-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>
Without an explicit id= on the vfio-pci device, QEMU auto-generates
an internal name that does not match vfioDev.ID, so any subsequent
qomGetPciPath(vfioDev.ID) call via QMP fails with "Device 'X' not
found". This breaks resolveColdPlugVFIOGuestPciPaths which needs the
device ID to look up the guest PCI path, leaving GuestPciPath nil and
causing update_interface to fail repeatedly as the agent can't find
the interface to configure.
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Fidêncio <ffidencio@nvidia.com>
Assisted-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>
Container.createDevices was dropping cold-plug VFIO entries from the
container's deviceInfos whenever vfio_mode = "guest-kernel", which
in turn meant the agent's CreateContainer request carried no
vfio-pci-gk device entry and sandbox.pcimap[cid] stayed empty. The
SR-IOV device plugin still set PCIDEVICE_<RES>=<host-BDF> on the
workload container, so update_env_pci then aborted with
"No PCI mapping found for container <id>" and the container failed
with CrashLoopBackOff.
Include cold-plug VFIO devices in deviceInfos for both VFIO modes.
The existing vfio-pci-gk agent handler returns dev: None (so
/dev/vfio/<group> is not materialised in the container spec, and
constrainGRPCSpec(stripVfio=true) already strips it from the grpc
spec for guest-kernel mode), while still recording the host->guest
PCI mapping into sandbox.pcimap[cid] so env-var translation works.
devManager.NewDevice calls FindDevice first, which matches the
already cold-plugged sandbox-level device by HostPath / major / minor,
so this does not double-attach.
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Fidêncio <ffidencio@nvidia.com>
Assisted-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>
Populate missing VFIO guest PCI paths via QMP before serializing
container devices so guest-kernel PCI env translation has the mappings
it needs.
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Fidêncio <ffidencio@nvidia.com>
Assisted-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>
When a VFIO cold-plugged network device appears in guest with a
different MAC than the runtime request, resolve the netdev by PCI path
and apply the requested MAC before the normal by-MAC update flow.
This preserves existing behavior while avoiding UpdateInterface
mismatches in SR-IOV cold-plug cases.
Signed-off-by: Fabiano Fidêncio <ffidencio@nvidia.com>
Assisted-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>
In the xConnectVMNetwork path, we have queues = 0 as a baseline,
set to h.HypervisorConfig().NumVCPUs() iff h.Capabilities() advertise
MultiQueueSupport. This is certainly incorrect as we always want, as
a baseline, at least one queue pair. Make queues := 1 by default
to ensure the NetworkPair has at least one queue pair for all
virtio-net paths.
Signed-off-by: Cameron Baird <cameronbaird@microsoft.com>
Treat the containerd erofs snapshotter active snapshot as an EROFS
lower plus overlay metadata, with an optional ext4 rwlayer when host
rw backing is enabled. This also covers default_size=0, where
containerd sends no rwlayer and the agent provides the writable upper
inside the guest.
Forward overlay mkdir hints on the EROFS storage so the guest agent
sees them in both layouts, and add unit coverage for the dispatcher
patterns.
Assisted-by: OpenAI Codex <codex@openai.com>
Signed-off-by: Manuel Huber <manuelh@nvidia.com>
Support multi-layer EROFS storage without an explicit ext4 upper
layer. When runtime-rs sends only EROFS lower storage and overlay
metadata, create the overlay upper/work directories under the
container bundle in /run/kata-containers.
Keep the explicit ext4 rwlayer path for disk-backed snapshots, and
only track real temporary mount points for cleanup. The implicit
/run-backed upper is bundle-scoped state and is removed with the
container bundle.
Assisted-by: OpenAI Codex <codex@openai.com>
Signed-off-by: Manuel Huber <manuelh@nvidia.com>
