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Add readme for API compatibility data
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Jordan Liggitt
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staging/src/k8s.io/api/testdata/README.md
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staging/src/k8s.io/api/testdata/README.md
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# API serialization compatibility tests
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This directory tree contains serialized API objects in json, yaml, and protobuf formats.
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## Current version
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The `HEAD` subdirectory contains serialized API objects generated from the current commit:
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```
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HEAD/
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<group>.<version>.<kind>.[json|yaml|pb]
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```
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To run serialization tests just for the current version:
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```sh
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go test ./vendor/k8s.io/api -run //HEAD
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```
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All three formats of a given group/version/kind are expected to decode successfully to identical objects,
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and to round-trip back to serialized form with identical bytes.
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Adding new fields or API types *is* expected to modify these fixtures. To regenerate them, run:
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```sh
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UPDATE_COMPATIBILITY_FIXTURE_DATA=true go test ./vendor/k8s.io/api -run //HEAD
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```
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## Previous versions
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The vX.Y.Z subdirectories contain serialized API objects from previous releases:
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```
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vX.Y.Z/
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<group>.<version>.<kind>.[json|yaml|pb]
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```
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All three formats of a given group/version/kind are expected to decode successfully to identical objects,
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and to round-trip back to serialized form with identical bytes.
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Adding new fields to existing API types is *not* expected to require modifications to these fixtures.
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This requires making optional scalar and struct fields pointers so that protobuf serialization omits them when not present.
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To run serialization tests just for a previous version, like `v1.14.0`:
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```sh
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go test ./vendor/k8s.io/api -run //v1.14.0
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```
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To run serialization tests for a particular group/version/kind, like `apps/v1` `Deployment`:
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```sh
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go test ./vendor/k8s.io/api -run /apps.v1.Deployment/
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```
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Failures to decode, to round-trip identical bytes, or to decode identical objects from json/yaml/protobuf,
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will output detailed errors about the differences encountered. Detailed errors about protobuf differences
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requires `protoc` to be available on your `$PATH`.
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In exceptional cases, new non-pointer fields were added to existing API types that serialized zero values,
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resulting in additional fields being output when round-tripping data from previous releases, and failing round-trip tests.
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To resolve this, a `<group>.<version>.<kind>_after_roundtrip.[json|yaml|pb]` file containing the
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expected data after roundtripping can be placed beside the serialized data file from a previous release.
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These `after_roundtrip` files are generated by running the failing round-trip tests with `UPDATE_COMPATIBILITY_FIXTURE_DATA=true` set.
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The detailed diff from the test failure should be included in the commit message, along with a reference
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to the change that caused the failure. Updates to these files is exceptional, and requires extremely close review
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to ensure we are not breaking backwards compatibility with serialized data from previous releases.
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To see the diff between the original JSON/YAML data and the `...after_roundtrip...` files:
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```sh
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cd vendor/k8s.io/api/testdata/v1.14.0/
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diff -u admission.k8s.io.v1beta1.AdmissionReview.json admission.k8s.io.v1beta1.AdmissionReview.after_roundtrip.json
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diff -u admission.k8s.io.v1beta1.AdmissionReview.yaml admission.k8s.io.v1beta1.AdmissionReview.after_roundtrip.yaml
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```
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> ```diff
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> --- admission.k8s.io.v1beta1.AdmissionReview.json 2019-06-02 20:21:03.000000000 -0400
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> +++ admission.k8s.io.v1beta1.AdmissionReview.after_roundtrip.json 2019-06-02 20:21:03.000000000 -0400
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> @@ -31,7 +31,8 @@
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> },
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> "object": {"apiVersion":"example.com/v1","kind":"CustomType","spec":{"replicas":1},"status":{"available":1}},
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> "oldObject": {"apiVersion":"example.com/v1","kind":"CustomType","spec":{"replicas":1},"status":{"available":1}},
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> - "dryRun": true
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> + "dryRun": true,
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> + "options": null
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> },
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> "response": {
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> "uid": "爟¼ªov鈶",
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> ```
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> ```diff
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> --- admission.k8s.io.v1beta1.AdmissionReview.yaml 2019-06-02 20:21:03.000000000 -0400
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> +++ admission.k8s.io.v1beta1.AdmissionReview.after_roundtrip.yaml 2019-06-02 20:21:03.000000000 -0400
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> @@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
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> status:
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> available: 1
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> operation: 祈¡ıŵDz廔ȇ{sŊƏp饏姥呄鐊
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> + options: null
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> resource:
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> group: "5"
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> resource: "7"
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> ```
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To see the diff between the original proto data and the `...after_roundtrip...` file, you must have `protoc` available,
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and strip off the leading four-byte kubernetes protobuf header to get standard protobuf that can be decoded:
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```sh
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cd vendor/k8s.io/api/testdata/v1.14.0/
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diff -u \
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<(tail -c +5 admission.k8s.io.v1beta1.AdmissionReview.pb | protoc --decode_raw) \
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<(tail -c +5 admission.k8s.io.v1beta1.AdmissionReview.after_roundtrip.pb | protoc --decode_raw)
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```
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> ```diff
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> --- /dev/fd/63 2019-06-03 11:56:12.000000000 -0400
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> +++ /dev/fd/62 2019-06-03 11:56:12.000000000 -0400
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> @@ -37,6 +37,8 @@
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> 1: "{\"apiVersion\":\"example.com/v1\",\"kind\":\"CustomType\",\"spec\":{\"replicas\":1},\"status\":{\"available\":1}}"
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> }
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> 11: 1
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> + 12: ""
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> + 15: ""
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> }
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> 2 {
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> 1: "\347\210\237\302\274\302\252ov\351\210\266"
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> ```
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