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+# Kubernetes test images
+
+## Overview
+
+All the images found here are used in Kubernetes tests that ensure its features and functionality.
+The images are built and published as manifest lists, allowing multiarch and cross platform support.
+
+This guide will provide information on how to: make changes to images, bump their version, build the
+new images, test the changes made.
+
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+In order to build the docker test images, a Linux node is required. The node will require `make`
+and `docker (version 18.06.0 or newer)`. Manifest lists were introduced in 18.03.0, but 18.06.0
+is recommended in order to avoid certain issues.
+
+The node must be able to push the images to the desired container registry, make sure you are
+authenticated with the registry you're pushing to.
+
+
+## Making changes to images
+
+There are several thousands of tests in Kubernetes E2E testing. Not all of them are being run on
+new PRs, and thus, not all images are used, especially those that are not used by Conformance tests.
+
+So, in order to prevent regressions in the images and failing jobs, any changes made to the image
+itself or its binaries will require the image's version to be bumped. In the case of a regression
+which cannot be immediately resolved, the image version used in E2E tests will be reverted to the
+last known stable version.
+
+The version can easily be bumped by modifying the file `test/images/${IMAGE_NAME}/VERSION`, which will
+be used when building the image. Additionally, for the `agnhost` image, also bump the `Version` in
+`test/images/agnhost/agnhost.go`.
+
+The typical image used in E2E testing is the `agnhost` image. It contains several subcommands with
+different [functionalities](agnhost/README.md), used to validate different Kubernetes behaviours. If
+a new functionality needs testing, consider adding an `agnhost` subcommand for it first, before
+creating an entirely separate test image.
+
+Some test images (`mounttest`, `test-webserver`) are used as bases for other images (`mounttest-user`,
+`kitten`, `nautilus`). If the parent image's `VERSION` has been bumped, also bump the version in the
+children's `BASEIMAGE` files in order for base image changes to be reflected in the child images as well.
+
+TODO: Once [Centralization part 4](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/81226) merges, the paragraph
+above will have to be updated, as those images will be included into `agnhost`.
+
+After the desired changes have been made, the affected images will have to be built and published,
+and then tested. After the pull request with those changes has been approved, the new images will be
+built and published to the `gcr.io/kubernetes-e2e-test-images` registry as well.
+
+
+## Building images
+
+The images are built through `make`. Since some images (`mounttest`, `test-webserver`)
+are used as a base for other images, it is recommended to build them first, if needed.
+
+TODO: Once [Centralization part 4](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/81226) merges, the paragraph
+above will have to be updated, as those images will be included into `agnhost`.
+
+An image can be built by simply running the command:
+
+```bash
+make all WHAT=test-webserver
+```
+
+To build AND push an image, the following command can be used:
+
+```bash
+make all-push WHAT=test-webserver
+```
+
+By default, the images will be tagged and pushed under the `gcr.io/kubernetes-e2e-test-images`
+registry. That can changed by running this command instead:
+
+```bash
+REGISTRY=foo_registry make all-push WHAT=test-webserver
+```
+
+*NOTE* (for test `gcr.io` image publishers): Some tests (e.g.: `should serve a basic image on each replica with a private image`)
+require the `agnhost` image to be published in an authenticated repo as well:
+
+```bash
+REGISTRY=gcr.io/kubernetes-e2e-test-images make all-push WHAT=agnhost
+REGISTRY=gcr.io/k8s-authenticated-test make all-push WHAT=agnhost
+```
+
+
+## Testing the new image
+
+Once the image has been built and pushed to an accesible registry, you can run the tests using that image
+by having the environment variable `KUBE_TEST_REPO_LIST` set before running the tests that are using the
+image:
+
+```bash
+export KUBE_TEST_REPO_LIST=/path/to/repo_list.yaml
+```
+
+`repo_list.yaml` is a configuration file used by the E2E tests, in which you can set alternative registries
+to pull the images from. Sample file:
+
+```yaml
+dockerLibraryRegistry: your-awesome-registry
+e2eRegistry: your-awesome-registry
+gcRegistry: your-awesome-registry
+sampleRegistry: your-awesome-registry
+```
+
+Keep in mind that some tests are using multiple images, so it is a good idea to also build and push those images.
+
+Finally, make sure to bump the image version used in E2E testing by modifying the file `test/utils/image/manifest.go`, and recompile afterwards:
+
+```bash
+./build/run.sh make WHAT=test/e2e/e2e.test
+```
+
+After all the above has been done, run the desired tests.
+
+
+## Known issues and workarounds
+
+`docker manifest create` fails due to permission denied on `/etc/docker/certs.d/gcr.io` (https://github.com/docker/for-linux/issues/396). This issue can be resolved by running:
+
+```bash
+sudo chmod o+x /etc/docker
+```