kubernetes/cmd/kube-proxy/app/server.go

/*
Copyright 2014 The Kubernetes Authors.

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
*/

// Package app does all of the work necessary to configure and run a
// Kubernetes app process.
package app

import (
	"errors"
	goflag "flag"
	"fmt"
	"net"
	"net/http"
	"os"
	"strings"
	"time"

	utilnode "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/util/node"

	"github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify"
	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
	"github.com/spf13/pflag"

	v1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/fields"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/labels"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/serializer"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/selection"
	utilruntime "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/runtime"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/wait"
	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/healthz"
	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/mux"
	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/server/routes"
	utilfeature "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/util/feature"
	"k8s.io/client-go/informers"
	clientset "k8s.io/client-go/kubernetes"
	v1core "k8s.io/client-go/kubernetes/typed/core/v1"
	"k8s.io/client-go/rest"
	"k8s.io/client-go/tools/clientcmd"
	clientcmdapi "k8s.io/client-go/tools/clientcmd/api"
	"k8s.io/client-go/tools/events"
	cliflag "k8s.io/component-base/cli/flag"
	componentbaseconfig "k8s.io/component-base/config"
	"k8s.io/component-base/configz"
	"k8s.io/component-base/logs"
	"k8s.io/component-base/metrics/legacyregistry"
	"k8s.io/component-base/version"
	"k8s.io/component-base/version/verflag"
	"k8s.io/klog/v2"
	"k8s.io/kube-proxy/config/v1alpha1"
	api "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/apis/core"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/cluster/ports"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/features"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubelet/qos"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/proxy"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/proxy/apis"
	kubeproxyconfig "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/proxy/apis/config"
	proxyconfigscheme "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/proxy/apis/config/scheme"
	kubeproxyconfigv1alpha1 "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/proxy/apis/config/v1alpha1"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/proxy/apis/config/validation"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/proxy/config"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/proxy/healthcheck"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/proxy/iptables"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/proxy/ipvs"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/proxy/userspace"
	proxyutil "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/proxy/util"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/util/filesystem"
	utilflag "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/util/flag"
	utilipset "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/util/ipset"
	utiliptables "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/util/iptables"
	utilipvs "k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/util/ipvs"
	"k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/util/oom"
	"k8s.io/utils/exec"
	netutils "k8s.io/utils/net"
	utilpointer "k8s.io/utils/pointer"
)

const (
	proxyModeUserspace   = "userspace"
	proxyModeIPTables    = "iptables"
	proxyModeIPVS        = "ipvs"
	proxyModeKernelspace = "kernelspace" //nolint:deadcode,varcheck
)

// proxyRun defines the interface to run a specified ProxyServer
type proxyRun interface {
	Run() error
	CleanupAndExit() error
}

// Options contains everything necessary to create and run a proxy server.
type Options struct {
	// ConfigFile is the location of the proxy server's configuration file.
	ConfigFile string
	// WriteConfigTo is the path where the default configuration will be written.
	WriteConfigTo string
	// CleanupAndExit, when true, makes the proxy server clean up iptables and ipvs rules, then exit.
	CleanupAndExit bool
	// WindowsService should be set to true if kube-proxy is running as a service on Windows.
	// Its corresponding flag only gets registered in Windows builds
	WindowsService bool
	// config is the proxy server's configuration object.
	config *kubeproxyconfig.KubeProxyConfiguration
	// watcher is used to watch on the update change of ConfigFile
	watcher filesystem.FSWatcher
	// proxyServer is the interface to run the proxy server
	proxyServer proxyRun
	// errCh is the channel that errors will be sent
	errCh chan error

	// The fields below here are placeholders for flags that can't be directly mapped into
	// config.KubeProxyConfiguration.
	//
	// TODO remove these fields once the deprecated flags are removed.

	// master is used to override the kubeconfig's URL to the apiserver.
	master string
	// healthzPort is the port to be used by the healthz server.
	healthzPort int32
	// metricsPort is the port to be used by the metrics server.
	metricsPort int32

	// hostnameOverride, if set from the command line flag, takes precedence over the `HostnameOverride` value from the config file
	hostnameOverride string
}

// AddFlags adds flags to fs and binds them to options.
func (o *Options) AddFlags(fs *pflag.FlagSet) {
	o.addOSFlags(fs)

	fs.StringVar(&o.ConfigFile, "config", o.ConfigFile, "The path to the configuration file.")
	fs.StringVar(&o.WriteConfigTo, "write-config-to", o.WriteConfigTo, "If set, write the default configuration values to this file and exit.")
	fs.StringVar(&o.config.ClientConnection.Kubeconfig, "kubeconfig", o.config.ClientConnection.Kubeconfig, "Path to kubeconfig file with authorization information (the master location can be overridden by the master flag).")
	fs.StringVar(&o.config.ClusterCIDR, "cluster-cidr", o.config.ClusterCIDR, "The CIDR range of pods in the cluster. When configured, traffic sent to a Service cluster IP from outside this range will be masqueraded and traffic sent from pods to an external LoadBalancer IP will be directed to the respective cluster IP instead. "+
		"For dual-stack clusters, a comma-separated list is accepted with at least one CIDR per IP family (IPv4 and IPv6). "+
		"This parameter is ignored if a config file is specified by --config.")
	fs.StringVar(&o.config.ClientConnection.ContentType, "kube-api-content-type", o.config.ClientConnection.ContentType, "Content type of requests sent to apiserver.")
	fs.StringVar(&o.master, "master", o.master, "The address of the Kubernetes API server (overrides any value in kubeconfig)")
	fs.StringVar(&o.hostnameOverride, "hostname-override", o.hostnameOverride, "If non-empty, will use this string as identification instead of the actual hostname.")
	fs.StringVar(&o.config.IPVS.Scheduler, "ipvs-scheduler", o.config.IPVS.Scheduler, "The ipvs scheduler type when proxy mode is ipvs")
	fs.StringVar(&o.config.ShowHiddenMetricsForVersion, "show-hidden-metrics-for-version", o.config.ShowHiddenMetricsForVersion,
		"The previous version for which you want to show hidden metrics. "+
			"Only the previous minor version is meaningful, other values will not be allowed. "+
			"The format is <major>.<minor>, e.g.: '1.16'. "+
			"The purpose of this format is make sure you have the opportunity to notice if the next release hides additional metrics, "+
			"rather than being surprised when they are permanently removed in the release after that."+
			"This parameter is ignored if a config file is specified by --config.")

	fs.StringSliceVar(&o.config.IPVS.ExcludeCIDRs, "ipvs-exclude-cidrs", o.config.IPVS.ExcludeCIDRs, "A comma-separated list of CIDR's which the ipvs proxier should not touch when cleaning up IPVS rules.")
	fs.StringSliceVar(&o.config.NodePortAddresses, "nodeport-addresses", o.config.NodePortAddresses,
		"A string slice of values which specify the addresses to use for NodePorts. Values may be valid IP blocks (e.g. 1.2.3.0/24, 1.2.3.4/32). The default empty string slice ([]) means to use all local addresses. This parameter is ignored if a config file is specified by --config.")

	fs.BoolVar(&o.CleanupAndExit, "cleanup", o.CleanupAndExit, "If true cleanup iptables and ipvs rules and exit.")

	fs.Var(&utilflag.IPVar{Val: &o.config.BindAddress}, "bind-address", "The IP address for the proxy server to serve on (set to '0.0.0.0' for all IPv4 interfaces and '::' for all IPv6 interfaces). This parameter is ignored if a config file is specified by --config.")
	fs.Var(&utilflag.IPPortVar{Val: &o.config.HealthzBindAddress}, "healthz-bind-address", "The IP address with port for the health check server to serve on (set to '0.0.0.0:10256' for all IPv4 interfaces and '[::]:10256' for all IPv6 interfaces). Set empty to disable. This parameter is ignored if a config file is specified by --config.")
	fs.Var(&utilflag.IPPortVar{Val: &o.config.MetricsBindAddress}, "metrics-bind-address", "The IP address with port for the metrics server to serve on (set to '0.0.0.0:10249' for all IPv4 interfaces and '[::]:10249' for all IPv6 interfaces). Set empty to disable. This parameter is ignored if a config file is specified by --config.")
	fs.BoolVar(&o.config.BindAddressHardFail, "bind-address-hard-fail", o.config.BindAddressHardFail, "If true kube-proxy will treat failure to bind to a port as fatal and exit")
	fs.Var(utilflag.PortRangeVar{Val: &o.config.PortRange}, "proxy-port-range", "Range of host ports (beginPort-endPort, single port or beginPort+offset, inclusive) that may be consumed in order to proxy service traffic. If (unspecified, 0, or 0-0) then ports will be randomly chosen.")
	fs.Var(&o.config.Mode, "proxy-mode", "Which proxy mode to use: 'iptables' (Linux-only), 'ipvs' (Linux-only), 'kernelspace' (Windows-only), or 'userspace' (Linux/Windows, deprecated). The default value is 'iptables' on Linux and 'userspace' on Windows."+
		"This parameter is ignored if a config file is specified by --config.")
	fs.Var(cliflag.NewMapStringBool(&o.config.FeatureGates), "feature-gates", "A set of key=value pairs that describe feature gates for alpha/experimental features. "+
		"Options are:\n"+strings.Join(utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate.KnownFeatures(), "\n")+
		"This parameter is ignored if a config file is specified by --config.")

	fs.Int32Var(&o.healthzPort, "healthz-port", o.healthzPort, "The port to bind the health check server. Use 0 to disable.")
	fs.MarkDeprecated("healthz-port", "This flag is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use --healthz-bind-address instead.")
	fs.Int32Var(&o.metricsPort, "metrics-port", o.metricsPort, "The port to bind the metrics server. Use 0 to disable.")
	fs.MarkDeprecated("metrics-port", "This flag is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use --metrics-bind-address instead.")
	fs.Int32Var(o.config.OOMScoreAdj, "oom-score-adj", utilpointer.Int32PtrDerefOr(o.config.OOMScoreAdj, int32(qos.KubeProxyOOMScoreAdj)), "The oom-score-adj value for kube-proxy process. Values must be within the range [-1000, 1000]. This parameter is ignored if a config file is specified by --config.")
	fs.Int32Var(o.config.IPTables.MasqueradeBit, "iptables-masquerade-bit", utilpointer.Int32PtrDerefOr(o.config.IPTables.MasqueradeBit, 14), "If using the pure iptables proxy, the bit of the fwmark space to mark packets requiring SNAT with.  Must be within the range [0, 31].")
	fs.Int32Var(o.config.Conntrack.MaxPerCore, "conntrack-max-per-core", *o.config.Conntrack.MaxPerCore,
		"Maximum number of NAT connections to track per CPU core (0 to leave the limit as-is and ignore conntrack-min).")
	fs.Int32Var(o.config.Conntrack.Min, "conntrack-min", *o.config.Conntrack.Min,
		"Minimum number of conntrack entries to allocate, regardless of conntrack-max-per-core (set conntrack-max-per-core=0 to leave the limit as-is).")
	fs.Int32Var(&o.config.ClientConnection.Burst, "kube-api-burst", o.config.ClientConnection.Burst, "Burst to use while talking with kubernetes apiserver")

	fs.DurationVar(&o.config.IPTables.SyncPeriod.Duration, "iptables-sync-period", o.config.IPTables.SyncPeriod.Duration, "The maximum interval of how often iptables rules are refreshed (e.g. '5s', '1m', '2h22m').  Must be greater than 0.")
	fs.DurationVar(&o.config.IPTables.MinSyncPeriod.Duration, "iptables-min-sync-period", o.config.IPTables.MinSyncPeriod.Duration, "The minimum interval of how often the iptables rules can be refreshed as endpoints and services change (e.g. '5s', '1m', '2h22m').")
	fs.DurationVar(&o.config.IPVS.SyncPeriod.Duration, "ipvs-sync-period", o.config.IPVS.SyncPeriod.Duration, "The maximum interval of how often ipvs rules are refreshed (e.g. '5s', '1m', '2h22m').  Must be greater than 0.")
	fs.DurationVar(&o.config.IPVS.MinSyncPeriod.Duration, "ipvs-min-sync-period", o.config.IPVS.MinSyncPeriod.Duration, "The minimum interval of how often the ipvs rules can be refreshed as endpoints and services change (e.g. '5s', '1m', '2h22m').")
	fs.DurationVar(&o.config.IPVS.TCPTimeout.Duration, "ipvs-tcp-timeout", o.config.IPVS.TCPTimeout.Duration, "The timeout for idle IPVS TCP connections, 0 to leave as-is. (e.g. '5s', '1m', '2h22m').")
	fs.DurationVar(&o.config.IPVS.TCPFinTimeout.Duration, "ipvs-tcpfin-timeout", o.config.IPVS.TCPFinTimeout.Duration, "The timeout for IPVS TCP connections after receiving a FIN packet, 0 to leave as-is. (e.g. '5s', '1m', '2h22m').")
	fs.DurationVar(&o.config.IPVS.UDPTimeout.Duration, "ipvs-udp-timeout", o.config.IPVS.UDPTimeout.Duration, "The timeout for IPVS UDP packets, 0 to leave as-is. (e.g. '5s', '1m', '2h22m').")
	fs.DurationVar(&o.config.Conntrack.TCPEstablishedTimeout.Duration, "conntrack-tcp-timeout-established", o.config.Conntrack.TCPEstablishedTimeout.Duration, "Idle timeout for established TCP connections (0 to leave as-is)")
	fs.DurationVar(
		&o.config.Conntrack.TCPCloseWaitTimeout.Duration, "conntrack-tcp-timeout-close-wait",
		o.config.Conntrack.TCPCloseWaitTimeout.Duration,
		"NAT timeout for TCP connections in the CLOSE_WAIT state")
	fs.DurationVar(&o.config.ConfigSyncPeriod.Duration, "config-sync-period", o.config.ConfigSyncPeriod.Duration, "How often configuration from the apiserver is refreshed.  Must be greater than 0.")
	fs.DurationVar(&o.config.UDPIdleTimeout.Duration, "udp-timeout", o.config.UDPIdleTimeout.Duration, "How long an idle UDP connection will be kept open (e.g. '250ms', '2s').  Must be greater than 0. Only applicable for proxy-mode=userspace")

	fs.BoolVar(&o.config.IPVS.StrictARP, "ipvs-strict-arp", o.config.IPVS.StrictARP, "Enable strict ARP by setting arp_ignore to 1 and arp_announce to 2")
	fs.BoolVar(&o.config.IPTables.MasqueradeAll, "masquerade-all", o.config.IPTables.MasqueradeAll, "If using the pure iptables proxy, SNAT all traffic sent via Service cluster IPs (this not commonly needed)")
	fs.BoolVar(&o.config.EnableProfiling, "profiling", o.config.EnableProfiling, "If true enables profiling via web interface on /debug/pprof handler. This parameter is ignored if a config file is specified by --config.")

	fs.Float32Var(&o.config.ClientConnection.QPS, "kube-api-qps", o.config.ClientConnection.QPS, "QPS to use while talking with kubernetes apiserver")
	fs.Var(&o.config.DetectLocalMode, "detect-local-mode", "Mode to use to detect local traffic. This parameter is ignored if a config file is specified by --config.")
	fs.StringVar(&o.config.DetectLocal.BridgeInterface, "pod-bridge-interface", o.config.DetectLocal.BridgeInterface, "A bridge interface name in the cluster. Kube-proxy considers traffic as local if originating from an interface which matches the value. This argument should be set if DetectLocalMode is set to BridgeInterface.")
	fs.StringVar(&o.config.DetectLocal.InterfaceNamePrefix, "pod-interface-name-prefix", o.config.DetectLocal.InterfaceNamePrefix, "An interface prefix in the cluster. Kube-proxy considers traffic as local if originating from interfaces that match the given prefix. This argument should be set if DetectLocalMode is set to InterfaceNamePrefix.")
}

// NewOptions returns initialized Options
func NewOptions() *Options {
	return &Options{
		config:      new(kubeproxyconfig.KubeProxyConfiguration),
		healthzPort: ports.ProxyHealthzPort,
		metricsPort: ports.ProxyStatusPort,
		errCh:       make(chan error),
	}
}

// Complete completes all the required options.
func (o *Options) Complete() error {
	if len(o.ConfigFile) == 0 && len(o.WriteConfigTo) == 0 {
		klog.InfoS("Warning, all flags other than --config, --write-config-to, and --cleanup are deprecated, please begin using a config file ASAP")
		o.config.HealthzBindAddress = addressFromDeprecatedFlags(o.config.HealthzBindAddress, o.healthzPort)
		o.config.MetricsBindAddress = addressFromDeprecatedFlags(o.config.MetricsBindAddress, o.metricsPort)
	}

	// Load the config file here in Complete, so that Validate validates the fully-resolved config.
	if len(o.ConfigFile) > 0 {
		c, err := o.loadConfigFromFile(o.ConfigFile)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		o.config = c

		if err := o.initWatcher(); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	if err := o.processHostnameOverrideFlag(); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return utilfeature.DefaultMutableFeatureGate.SetFromMap(o.config.FeatureGates)
}

// Creates a new filesystem watcher and adds watches for the config file.
func (o *Options) initWatcher() error {
	fswatcher := filesystem.NewFsnotifyWatcher()
	err := fswatcher.Init(o.eventHandler, o.errorHandler)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	err = fswatcher.AddWatch(o.ConfigFile)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	o.watcher = fswatcher
	return nil
}

func (o *Options) eventHandler(ent fsnotify.Event) {
	eventOpIs := func(Op fsnotify.Op) bool {
		return ent.Op&Op == Op
	}
	if eventOpIs(fsnotify.Write) || eventOpIs(fsnotify.Rename) {
		// error out when ConfigFile is updated
		o.errCh <- fmt.Errorf("content of the proxy server's configuration file was updated")
		return
	}
	o.errCh <- nil
}

func (o *Options) errorHandler(err error) {
	o.errCh <- err
}

// processHostnameOverrideFlag processes hostname-override flag
func (o *Options) processHostnameOverrideFlag() error {
	// Check if hostname-override flag is set and use value since configFile always overrides
	if len(o.hostnameOverride) > 0 {
		hostName := strings.TrimSpace(o.hostnameOverride)
		if len(hostName) == 0 {
			return fmt.Errorf("empty hostname-override is invalid")
		}
		o.config.HostnameOverride = strings.ToLower(hostName)
	}

	return nil
}

// Validate validates all the required options.
func (o *Options) Validate() error {
	if errs := validation.Validate(o.config); len(errs) != 0 {
		return errs.ToAggregate()
	}

	return nil
}

// Run runs the specified ProxyServer.
func (o *Options) Run() error {
	defer close(o.errCh)
	if len(o.WriteConfigTo) > 0 {
		return o.writeConfigFile()
	}

	proxyServer, err := NewProxyServer(o)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	if o.CleanupAndExit {
		return proxyServer.CleanupAndExit()
	}

	o.proxyServer = proxyServer
	return o.runLoop()
}

// runLoop will watch on the update change of the proxy server's configuration file.
// Return an error when updated
func (o *Options) runLoop() error {
	if o.watcher != nil {
		o.watcher.Run()
	}

	// run the proxy in goroutine
	go func() {
		err := o.proxyServer.Run()
		o.errCh <- err
	}()

	for {
		err := <-o.errCh
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}
}

func (o *Options) writeConfigFile() (err error) {
	const mediaType = runtime.ContentTypeYAML
	info, ok := runtime.SerializerInfoForMediaType(proxyconfigscheme.Codecs.SupportedMediaTypes(), mediaType)
	if !ok {
		return fmt.Errorf("unable to locate encoder -- %q is not a supported media type", mediaType)
	}

	encoder := proxyconfigscheme.Codecs.EncoderForVersion(info.Serializer, v1alpha1.SchemeGroupVersion)

	configFile, err := os.Create(o.WriteConfigTo)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	defer func() {
		ferr := configFile.Close()
		if ferr != nil && err == nil {
			err = ferr
		}
	}()

	if err = encoder.Encode(o.config, configFile); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	klog.InfoS("Wrote configuration", "WriteConfigTo", o.WriteConfigTo)

	return nil
}

// addressFromDeprecatedFlags returns server address from flags
// passed on the command line based on the following rules:
// 1. If port is 0, disable the server (e.g. set address to empty).
// 2. Otherwise, set the port portion of the config accordingly.
func addressFromDeprecatedFlags(addr string, port int32) string {
	if port == 0 {
		return ""
	}
	return proxyutil.AppendPortIfNeeded(addr, port)
}

// newLenientSchemeAndCodecs returns a scheme that has only v1alpha1 registered into
// it and a CodecFactory with strict decoding disabled.
func newLenientSchemeAndCodecs() (*runtime.Scheme, *serializer.CodecFactory, error) {
	lenientScheme := runtime.NewScheme()
	if err := kubeproxyconfig.AddToScheme(lenientScheme); err != nil {
		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to add kube-proxy config API to lenient scheme: %v", err)
	}
	if err := kubeproxyconfigv1alpha1.AddToScheme(lenientScheme); err != nil {
		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to add kube-proxy config v1alpha1 API to lenient scheme: %v", err)
	}
	lenientCodecs := serializer.NewCodecFactory(lenientScheme, serializer.DisableStrict)
	return lenientScheme, &lenientCodecs, nil
}

// loadConfigFromFile loads the contents of file and decodes it as a
// KubeProxyConfiguration object.
func (o *Options) loadConfigFromFile(file string) (*kubeproxyconfig.KubeProxyConfiguration, error) {
	data, err := os.ReadFile(file)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return o.loadConfig(data)
}

// loadConfig decodes a serialized KubeProxyConfiguration to the internal type.
func (o *Options) loadConfig(data []byte) (*kubeproxyconfig.KubeProxyConfiguration, error) {

	configObj, gvk, err := proxyconfigscheme.Codecs.UniversalDecoder().Decode(data, nil, nil)
	if err != nil {
		// Try strict decoding first. If that fails decode with a lenient
		// decoder, which has only v1alpha1 registered, and log a warning.
		// The lenient path is to be dropped when support for v1alpha1 is dropped.
		if !runtime.IsStrictDecodingError(err) {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to decode: %w", err)
		}

		_, lenientCodecs, lenientErr := newLenientSchemeAndCodecs()
		if lenientErr != nil {
			return nil, lenientErr
		}

		configObj, gvk, lenientErr = lenientCodecs.UniversalDecoder().Decode(data, nil, nil)
		if lenientErr != nil {
			// Lenient decoding failed with the current version, return the
			// original strict error.
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed lenient decoding: %v", err)
		}

		// Continue with the v1alpha1 object that was decoded leniently, but emit a warning.
		klog.InfoS("Using lenient decoding as strict decoding failed", "err", err)
	}

	proxyConfig, ok := configObj.(*kubeproxyconfig.KubeProxyConfiguration)
	if !ok {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("got unexpected config type: %v", gvk)
	}
	return proxyConfig, nil
}

// ApplyDefaults applies the default values to Options.
func (o *Options) ApplyDefaults(in *kubeproxyconfig.KubeProxyConfiguration) (*kubeproxyconfig.KubeProxyConfiguration, error) {
	external, err := proxyconfigscheme.Scheme.ConvertToVersion(in, v1alpha1.SchemeGroupVersion)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	proxyconfigscheme.Scheme.Default(external)

	internal, err := proxyconfigscheme.Scheme.ConvertToVersion(external, kubeproxyconfig.SchemeGroupVersion)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	out := internal.(*kubeproxyconfig.KubeProxyConfiguration)

	return out, nil
}

// NewProxyCommand creates a *cobra.Command object with default parameters
func NewProxyCommand() *cobra.Command {
	opts := NewOptions()

	cmd := &cobra.Command{
		Use: "kube-proxy",
		Long: `The Kubernetes network proxy runs on each node. This
reflects services as defined in the Kubernetes API on each node and can do simple
TCP, UDP, and SCTP stream forwarding or round robin TCP, UDP, and SCTP forwarding across a set of backends.
Service cluster IPs and ports are currently found through Docker-links-compatible
environment variables specifying ports opened by the service proxy. There is an optional
addon that provides cluster DNS for these cluster IPs. The user must create a service
with the apiserver API to configure the proxy.`,
		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
			verflag.PrintAndExitIfRequested()
			cliflag.PrintFlags(cmd.Flags())

			if err := initForOS(opts.WindowsService); err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("failed os init: %w", err)
			}

			if err := opts.Complete(); err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("failed complete: %w", err)
			}

			if err := opts.Validate(); err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("failed validate: %w", err)
			}

			if err := opts.Run(); err != nil {
				klog.ErrorS(err, "Error running ProxyServer")
				return err
			}

			return nil
		},
		Args: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
			for _, arg := range args {
				if len(arg) > 0 {
					return fmt.Errorf("%q does not take any arguments, got %q", cmd.CommandPath(), args)
				}
			}
			return nil
		},
	}

	var err error
	opts.config, err = opts.ApplyDefaults(opts.config)
	if err != nil {
		klog.ErrorS(err, "Unable to create flag defaults")
		// ACTION REQUIRED: Exit code changed from 255 to 1
		os.Exit(1)
	}

	fs := cmd.Flags()
	opts.AddFlags(fs)
	fs.AddGoFlagSet(goflag.CommandLine) // for --boot-id-file and --machine-id-file

	_ = cmd.MarkFlagFilename("config", "yaml", "yml", "json")

	return cmd
}

// ProxyServer represents all the parameters required to start the Kubernetes proxy server. All
// fields are required.
type ProxyServer struct {
	Client                 clientset.Interface
	EventClient            v1core.EventsGetter
	IptInterface           utiliptables.Interface
	IpvsInterface          utilipvs.Interface
	IpsetInterface         utilipset.Interface
	execer                 exec.Interface
	Proxier                proxy.Provider
	Broadcaster            events.EventBroadcaster
	Recorder               events.EventRecorder
	ConntrackConfiguration kubeproxyconfig.KubeProxyConntrackConfiguration
	Conntracker            Conntracker // if nil, ignored
	ProxyMode              string
	NodeRef                *v1.ObjectReference
	MetricsBindAddress     string
	BindAddressHardFail    bool
	EnableProfiling        bool
	UseEndpointSlices      bool
	OOMScoreAdj            *int32
	ConfigSyncPeriod       time.Duration
	HealthzServer          healthcheck.ProxierHealthUpdater
}

// createClients creates a kube client and an event client from the given config and masterOverride.
// TODO remove masterOverride when CLI flags are removed.
func createClients(config componentbaseconfig.ClientConnectionConfiguration, masterOverride string) (clientset.Interface, v1core.EventsGetter, error) {
	var kubeConfig *rest.Config
	var err error

	if len(config.Kubeconfig) == 0 && len(masterOverride) == 0 {
		klog.InfoS("Neither kubeconfig file nor master URL was specified, falling back to in-cluster config")
		kubeConfig, err = rest.InClusterConfig()
	} else {
		// This creates a client, first loading any specified kubeconfig
		// file, and then overriding the Master flag, if non-empty.
		kubeConfig, err = clientcmd.NewNonInteractiveDeferredLoadingClientConfig(
			&clientcmd.ClientConfigLoadingRules{ExplicitPath: config.Kubeconfig},
			&clientcmd.ConfigOverrides{ClusterInfo: clientcmdapi.Cluster{Server: masterOverride}}).ClientConfig()
	}
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, err
	}

	kubeConfig.AcceptContentTypes = config.AcceptContentTypes
	kubeConfig.ContentType = config.ContentType
	kubeConfig.QPS = config.QPS
	kubeConfig.Burst = int(config.Burst)

	client, err := clientset.NewForConfig(kubeConfig)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, err
	}

	eventClient, err := clientset.NewForConfig(kubeConfig)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, err
	}

	return client, eventClient.CoreV1(), nil
}

func serveHealthz(hz healthcheck.ProxierHealthUpdater, errCh chan error) {
	if hz == nil {
		return
	}

	fn := func() {
		err := hz.Run()
		if err != nil {
			klog.ErrorS(err, "Healthz server failed")
			if errCh != nil {
				errCh <- fmt.Errorf("healthz server failed: %v", err)
				// if in hardfail mode, never retry again
				blockCh := make(chan error)
				<-blockCh
			}
		} else {
			klog.ErrorS(nil, "Healthz server returned without error")
		}
	}
	go wait.Until(fn, 5*time.Second, wait.NeverStop)
}

func serveMetrics(bindAddress, proxyMode string, enableProfiling bool, errCh chan error) {
	if len(bindAddress) == 0 {
		return
	}

	proxyMux := mux.NewPathRecorderMux("kube-proxy")
	healthz.InstallHandler(proxyMux)
	proxyMux.HandleFunc("/proxyMode", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/plain; charset=utf-8")
		w.Header().Set("X-Content-Type-Options", "nosniff")
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s", proxyMode)
	})

	proxyMux.Handle("/metrics", legacyregistry.Handler())

	if enableProfiling {
		routes.Profiling{}.Install(proxyMux)
		routes.DebugFlags{}.Install(proxyMux, "v", routes.StringFlagPutHandler(logs.GlogSetter))
	}

	configz.InstallHandler(proxyMux)

	fn := func() {
		err := http.ListenAndServe(bindAddress, proxyMux)
		if err != nil {
			err = fmt.Errorf("starting metrics server failed: %v", err)
			utilruntime.HandleError(err)
			if errCh != nil {
				errCh <- err
				// if in hardfail mode, never retry again
				blockCh := make(chan error)
				<-blockCh
			}
		}
	}
	go wait.Until(fn, 5*time.Second, wait.NeverStop)
}

// Run runs the specified ProxyServer.  This should never exit (unless CleanupAndExit is set).
// TODO: At the moment, Run() cannot return a nil error, otherwise it's caller will never exit. Update callers of Run to handle nil errors.
func (s *ProxyServer) Run() error {
	// To help debugging, immediately log version
	klog.InfoS("Version info", "version", version.Get())

	klog.InfoS("Golang settings", "GOGC", os.Getenv("GOGC"), "GOMAXPROCS", os.Getenv("GOMAXPROCS"), "GOTRACEBACK", os.Getenv("GOTRACEBACK"))

	// TODO(vmarmol): Use container config for this.
	var oomAdjuster *oom.OOMAdjuster
	if s.OOMScoreAdj != nil {
		oomAdjuster = oom.NewOOMAdjuster()
		if err := oomAdjuster.ApplyOOMScoreAdj(0, int(*s.OOMScoreAdj)); err != nil {
			klog.V(2).InfoS("Failed to apply OOMScore", "err", err)
		}
	}

	if s.Broadcaster != nil && s.EventClient != nil {
		stopCh := make(chan struct{})
		s.Broadcaster.StartRecordingToSink(stopCh)
	}

	// TODO(thockin): make it possible for healthz and metrics to be on the same port.

	var errCh chan error
	if s.BindAddressHardFail {
		errCh = make(chan error)
	}

	// Start up a healthz server if requested
	serveHealthz(s.HealthzServer, errCh)

	// Start up a metrics server if requested
	serveMetrics(s.MetricsBindAddress, s.ProxyMode, s.EnableProfiling, errCh)

	// Tune conntrack, if requested
	// Conntracker is always nil for windows
	if s.Conntracker != nil {
		max, err := getConntrackMax(s.ConntrackConfiguration)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if max > 0 {
			err := s.Conntracker.SetMax(max)
			if err != nil {
				if err != errReadOnlySysFS {
					return err
				}
				// errReadOnlySysFS is caused by a known docker issue (https://github.com/docker/docker/issues/24000),
				// the only remediation we know is to restart the docker daemon.
				// Here we'll send an node event with specific reason and message, the
				// administrator should decide whether and how to handle this issue,
				// whether to drain the node and restart docker.  Occurs in other container runtimes
				// as well.
				// TODO(random-liu): Remove this when the docker bug is fixed.
				const message = "CRI error: /sys is read-only: " +
					"cannot modify conntrack limits, problems may arise later (If running Docker, see docker issue #24000)"
				s.Recorder.Eventf(s.NodeRef, nil, api.EventTypeWarning, err.Error(), "StartKubeProxy", message)
			}
		}

		if s.ConntrackConfiguration.TCPEstablishedTimeout != nil && s.ConntrackConfiguration.TCPEstablishedTimeout.Duration > 0 {
			timeout := int(s.ConntrackConfiguration.TCPEstablishedTimeout.Duration / time.Second)
			if err := s.Conntracker.SetTCPEstablishedTimeout(timeout); err != nil {
				return err
			}
		}

		if s.ConntrackConfiguration.TCPCloseWaitTimeout != nil && s.ConntrackConfiguration.TCPCloseWaitTimeout.Duration > 0 {
			timeout := int(s.ConntrackConfiguration.TCPCloseWaitTimeout.Duration / time.Second)
			if err := s.Conntracker.SetTCPCloseWaitTimeout(timeout); err != nil {
				return err
			}
		}
	}

	noProxyName, err := labels.NewRequirement(apis.LabelServiceProxyName, selection.DoesNotExist, nil)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	noHeadlessEndpoints, err := labels.NewRequirement(v1.IsHeadlessService, selection.DoesNotExist, nil)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	labelSelector := labels.NewSelector()
	labelSelector = labelSelector.Add(*noProxyName, *noHeadlessEndpoints)

	// Make informers that filter out objects that want a non-default service proxy.
	informerFactory := informers.NewSharedInformerFactoryWithOptions(s.Client, s.ConfigSyncPeriod,
		informers.WithTweakListOptions(func(options *metav1.ListOptions) {
			options.LabelSelector = labelSelector.String()
		}))

	// Create configs (i.e. Watches for Services and Endpoints or EndpointSlices)
	// Note: RegisterHandler() calls need to happen before creation of Sources because sources
	// only notify on changes, and the initial update (on process start) may be lost if no handlers
	// are registered yet.
	serviceConfig := config.NewServiceConfig(informerFactory.Core().V1().Services(), s.ConfigSyncPeriod)
	serviceConfig.RegisterEventHandler(s.Proxier)
	go serviceConfig.Run(wait.NeverStop)

	if endpointsHandler, ok := s.Proxier.(config.EndpointsHandler); ok && !s.UseEndpointSlices {
		endpointsConfig := config.NewEndpointsConfig(informerFactory.Core().V1().Endpoints(), s.ConfigSyncPeriod)
		endpointsConfig.RegisterEventHandler(endpointsHandler)
		go endpointsConfig.Run(wait.NeverStop)
	} else {
		endpointSliceConfig := config.NewEndpointSliceConfig(informerFactory.Discovery().V1().EndpointSlices(), s.ConfigSyncPeriod)
		endpointSliceConfig.RegisterEventHandler(s.Proxier)
		go endpointSliceConfig.Run(wait.NeverStop)
	}

	// This has to start after the calls to NewServiceConfig and NewEndpointsConfig because those
	// functions must configure their shared informer event handlers first.
	informerFactory.Start(wait.NeverStop)

	if utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate.Enabled(features.TopologyAwareHints) {
		// Make an informer that selects for our nodename.
		currentNodeInformerFactory := informers.NewSharedInformerFactoryWithOptions(s.Client, s.ConfigSyncPeriod,
			informers.WithTweakListOptions(func(options *metav1.ListOptions) {
				options.FieldSelector = fields.OneTermEqualSelector("metadata.name", s.NodeRef.Name).String()
			}))
		nodeConfig := config.NewNodeConfig(currentNodeInformerFactory.Core().V1().Nodes(), s.ConfigSyncPeriod)
		nodeConfig.RegisterEventHandler(s.Proxier)
		go nodeConfig.Run(wait.NeverStop)

		// This has to start after the calls to NewNodeConfig because that must
		// configure the shared informer event handler first.
		currentNodeInformerFactory.Start(wait.NeverStop)
	}

	// Birth Cry after the birth is successful
	s.birthCry()

	go s.Proxier.SyncLoop()

	return <-errCh
}

func (s *ProxyServer) birthCry() {
	s.Recorder.Eventf(s.NodeRef, nil, api.EventTypeNormal, "Starting", "StartKubeProxy", "")
}

func getConntrackMax(config kubeproxyconfig.KubeProxyConntrackConfiguration) (int, error) {
	if config.MaxPerCore != nil && *config.MaxPerCore > 0 {
		floor := 0
		if config.Min != nil {
			floor = int(*config.Min)
		}
		scaled := int(*config.MaxPerCore) * detectNumCPU()
		if scaled > floor {
			klog.V(3).InfoS("GetConntrackMax: using scaled conntrack-max-per-core")
			return scaled, nil
		}
		klog.V(3).InfoS("GetConntrackMax: using conntrack-min")
		return floor, nil
	}
	return 0, nil
}

// CleanupAndExit remove iptables rules and ipset/ipvs rules in ipvs proxy mode
// and exit if success return nil
func (s *ProxyServer) CleanupAndExit() error {
	// cleanup IPv6 and IPv4 iptables rules
	ipts := []utiliptables.Interface{
		utiliptables.New(s.execer, utiliptables.ProtocolIPv4),
		utiliptables.New(s.execer, utiliptables.ProtocolIPv6),
	}
	var encounteredError bool
	for _, ipt := range ipts {
		encounteredError = userspace.CleanupLeftovers(ipt) || encounteredError
		encounteredError = iptables.CleanupLeftovers(ipt) || encounteredError
		encounteredError = ipvs.CleanupLeftovers(s.IpvsInterface, ipt, s.IpsetInterface) || encounteredError
	}
	if encounteredError {
		return errors.New("encountered an error while tearing down rules")
	}

	return nil
}

// detectNodeIP returns the nodeIP used by the proxier
// The order of precedence is:
// 1. config.bindAddress if bindAddress is not 0.0.0.0 or ::
// 2. the primary IP from the Node object, if set
// 3. if no IP is found it defaults to 127.0.0.1 and IPv4
func detectNodeIP(client clientset.Interface, hostname, bindAddress string) net.IP {
	nodeIP := netutils.ParseIPSloppy(bindAddress)
	if nodeIP.IsUnspecified() {
		nodeIP = utilnode.GetNodeIP(client, hostname)
	}
	if nodeIP == nil {
		klog.V(0).InfoS("Can't determine this node's IP, assuming 127.0.0.1; if this is incorrect, please set the --bind-address flag")
		nodeIP = netutils.ParseIPSloppy("127.0.0.1")
	}
	return nodeIP
}

// nodeIPTuple takes an addresses and return a tuple (ipv4,ipv6)
// The returned tuple is guaranteed to have the order (ipv4,ipv6). The address NOT of the passed address
// will have "any" address (0.0.0.0 or ::) inserted.
func nodeIPTuple(bindAddress string) [2]net.IP {
	nodes := [2]net.IP{net.IPv4zero, net.IPv6zero}

	adr := netutils.ParseIPSloppy(bindAddress)
	if netutils.IsIPv6(adr) {
		nodes[1] = adr
	} else {
		nodes[0] = adr
	}

	return nodes
}