align chroma vectorstore get with chromadb to enable where filtering (#6686)

allows for where filtering on collection via get

- Description: aligns langchain chroma vectorstore get with underlying
[chromadb collection
get](https://github.com/chroma-core/chroma/blob/main/chromadb/api/models/Collection.py#L103)
allowing for where filtering, etc.
  - Issue: NA
  - Dependencies: none
  - Tag maintainer: @rlancemartin, @eyurtsev
  - Twitter handle: @pappanaka

docs/extras/modules/data_connection/vectorstores/integrations/chroma.ipynb

@@ -491,6 +491,73 @@
    "source": [
     "retriever.get_relevant_documents(query)[0]"
    ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "275dbd0a",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### Filtering on metadata\n",
+    "\n",
+    "It can be helpful to narrow down the collection before working with it.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "For example, collections can be filtered on metadata using the get method."
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "id": "a5119221",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "{'source': 'some_other_source'}\n",
+      "{'ids': ['1'], 'embeddings': None, 'documents': ['Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections. \\n\\nTonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service. \\n\\nOne of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court. \\n\\nAnd I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.'], 'metadatas': [{'source': 'some_other_source'}]}\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# create simple ids\n",
+    "ids = [str(i) for i in range(1, len(docs) + 1)]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# add data\n",
+    "example_db = Chroma.from_documents(docs, embedding_function, ids=ids)\n",
+    "docs = example_db.similarity_search(query)\n",
+    "print(docs[0].metadata)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# update the source for a document\n",
+    "docs[0].metadata = {\"source\": \"some_other_source\"}\n",
+    "example_db.update_document(ids[0], docs[0])\n",
+    "print(example_db._collection.get(ids=[ids[0]]))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "id": "81600dc1",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "{'ids': ['1'],\n",
+       " 'embeddings': None,\n",
+       " 'documents': ['Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections. \\n\\nTonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service. \\n\\nOne of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court. \\n\\nAnd I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.'],\n",
+       " 'metadatas': [{'source': 'some_other_source'}]}"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 18,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# filter collection for updated source\n",
+    "example_db.get(where={\"source\": \"some_other_source\"})"
+   ]
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {