community[minor]: SQLDatabase Add fetch mode cursor, query parameters, query by selectable, expose execution options, and documentation (#17191)

- **Description:** Improve `SQLDatabase` adapter component to promote
code re-use, see
[suggestion](https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/pull/16246#pullrequestreview-1846590962).
  - **Needed by:** GH-16246
  - **Addressed to:** @baskaryan, @cbornet 

## Details
- Add `cursor` fetch mode
- Accept SQL query parameters
- Accept both `str` and SQLAlchemy selectables as query expression
- Expose `execution_options`
- Documentation page (notebook) about `SQLDatabase` [^1]
See [About
SQLDatabase](https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/blob/c1c7b763/docs/docs/integrations/tools/sql_database.ipynb).

[^1]: Apparently there hasn't been any yet?

---------

Co-authored-by: Andreas Motl <andreas.motl@crate.io>

libs/community/langchain_community/tools/sql_database/tool.py

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 # flake8: noqa
 """Tools for interacting with a SQL database."""
-from typing import Any, Dict, Optional, Type
+from typing import Any, Dict, Optional, Sequence, Type, Union
+
+from sqlalchemy import Result
 
 from langchain_core.pydantic_v1 import BaseModel, Field, root_validator
 
@@ -42,7 +44,7 @@ class QuerySQLDataBaseTool(BaseSQLDatabaseTool, BaseTool):
         self,
         query: str,
         run_manager: Optional[CallbackManagerForToolRun] = None,
-    ) -> str:
+    ) -> Union[str, Sequence[Dict[str, Any]], Result[Any]]:
         """Execute the query, return the results or an error message."""
         return self.db.run_no_throw(query)