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doc: merge static core with cpu virt
Update the converted HLD 0.7 section 3.2 with a previously converted static partitioning document (instead of a separate doc for this topic). Tracked-on: #1533 Signed-off-by: David B. Kinder <david.b.kinder@intel.com>
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David B. Kinder
David Kinder
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@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ Hypervisor high-level design
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hv-startup
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hv-cpu-virt
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static-core-hld
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Memory management <memmgt-hld>
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Interrupt management <interrupt-hld>
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@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ CPU Virtualization
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ACRN Hypervisor CPU Virtualization Components
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The following sections discuss the major modules (shown in blue) in the
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CPU virtualization overview shown in :numref:`hv-cpu-virt-components`.
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Based on Intel VT-x virtualization technology, ACRN emulates a virtual CPU
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(vCPU) with the following methods:
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@ -16,7 +19,8 @@ Based on Intel VT-x virtualization technology, ACRN emulates a virtual CPU
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physical CPU (pCPU),
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making much of hardware register emulation simply
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pass-through and provides good isolation for physical interrupt
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and guest execution.
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and guest execution. (See `Static CPU Partitioning`_ for more
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information.)
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- **simple schedule**: only two thread loops are maintained for a CPU -
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vCPU thread and default idle thread. A CPU runs most of the time in
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@ -25,8 +29,137 @@ Based on Intel VT-x virtualization technology, ACRN emulates a virtual CPU
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operation needs it to stay in VMX root mode, such as when waiting for
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an I/O request from DM or ready to destroy.
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The following sections discuss the major modules (shown in blue) in the
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CPU virtualization overview shown in :numref:`hv-cpu-virt-components`.
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Static CPU Partitioning
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***********************
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CPU partitioning is a policy for mapping a virtual
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CPU (VCPU) to a physical CPU. The current ACRN implementation forces a
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static 1:1 mapping between VCPUs and physical CPUs and does
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not support multiple VCPUs running on a physical CPU and does not
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support VCPU migration from one physical CPU to another.
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ACRN forces a fixed 1:1 mapping between a VCPU and a physical CPU when
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creating a VCPU for the guest Operating System. This makes the VCPU
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management code much simpler.
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An array is used to track the physical CPU allocation information. When
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a VCPU is created, we query, allocate, and update the array to map the
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VCPU to an available physical CPU.
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The physical CPU number assignment for each guest is pre-defined. For
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example, on a platform with four CPU cores, one physical CPU is assigned
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to run the Service Operating System (SOS) and other three physical CPUs
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are assigned to run the User Operating System (UOS) instances.
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.. note::
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To improvement SOS boot time, all physical CPUs are assigned to the SOS
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during the SOS boot. Afterward, the physical CPUs defined for the UOS
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are allocated by the Device Model (DM) by running the launch_uos.sh
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script.
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CPU management in SOS
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=====================
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With ACRN, all ACPI table entries are pass-thru to the SOS, including
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the Multiple Interrupt Controller Table (MADT). The SOS sees all
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physical CPUs by parsing the MADT when the SOS kernel boots. All
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physical CPUs are initially assigned to the SOS by creating the same
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number of virtual CPUs.
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When the SOS boot is finished, it releases the physical CPUs intended
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for UOS use.
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Here is an example flow of CPU allocation on a multi-core platform.
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.. figure:: images/static-core-image2.png
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:width: 600px
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:align: center
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:name: static-core-cpu-allocation
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CPU allocation on a multi-core platform
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CPU management in UOS
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=====================
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From the UOS point of view, CPU management is very simple, using a
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hypercall to create the virtual CPUs. Here's an example from from the DM
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code:
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.. code-block:: c
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int vm_create_vcpu(struct vmctx *ctx, uint16_t vcpu_id)
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{
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struct acrn_create_vcpu cv;
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int error;
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bzero(&cv, sizeof(struct acrn_create_vcpu));
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cv.vcpu_id = vcpu_id;
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error = ioctl(ctx->fd, IC_CREATE_VCPU, &cv);
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return error;
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}
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The VHM will respond to the ioctl:
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.. code-block:: c
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case IC_CREATE_VCPU: {
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struct acrn_create_vcpu cv;
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if (copy_from_user(&cv, (void *)ioctl_param,
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sizeof(struct acrn_create_vcpu)))
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return -EFAULT;
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ret = acrn_hypercall2(HC_CREATE_VCPU, vm->vmid,
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virt_to_phys(&cv));
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if (ret < 0) {
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pr_err("vhm: failed to create vcpu %d!\\n",
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cv.vcpu_id);
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return -EFAULT;
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}
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atomic_inc(&vm->vcpu_num);
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return ret;
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}
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The hypercall ``HC_CREATE_VCPU`` is handled in the hypervisor with
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the parameter:
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.. code-block:: c
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struct acrn_create_vcpu {
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/** the virtual CPU ID for the VCPU created */
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uint16_t vcpu_id;
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/** the physical CPU ID for the VCPU created */
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uint16_t pcpu_id;
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} __attribute__((aligned(8)));
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CPU assignment management in HV
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===============================
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When we create a VCPU in the hypervisor, an available physical CPU is
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picked and marked as used. When we destroy the VCPU, we mark the
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physical CPU as available again.
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.. figure:: images/static-core-image1.png
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:width: 600px
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:align: center
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:name: static-core-cpu-assign
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HV CPU Assignment Management
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#. ``allocate_pcpu()`` queries the physical CPU allocation info to get an
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available physical CPU and marks physical CPU as not available
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#. Physical CPU info is passed to ``create_vcpu()`` and a mapping is built
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between the physical CPU and virtual CPU
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#. When the VCPU is destroyed VCPU, the physical CPU is passed to the
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``free_pcpu()`` function
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#. ``free_pcpu()`` marks the physical CPU available again.
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Currently, the ACRN hypervisor does not support virtual CPU migration to
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different physical CPUs. This means no changes to the virtual CPU to
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physical CPU can happen without first calling destroy_vcpu.
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.. _vCPU_lifecycle:
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@ -1,138 +0,0 @@
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.. cpu-partitioning-hld:
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Static CPU Partitioning
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#######################
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CPU partitioning is a policy for mapping a virtual
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CPU (VCPU) to a physical CPU. The current ACRN implementation forces a
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static 1:1 mapping between VCPUs and physical CPUs and does
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not support multiple VCPUs running on a physical CPU and does not
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support VCPU migration from one physical CPU to another.
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This section describes the static CPU partitioning implementation in
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ACRN.
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Overview
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********
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ACRN forces a fixed 1:1 mapping between a VCPU and a physical CPU when
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creating a VCPU for the guest Operating System. This makes the VCPU
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management code much simpler.
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An array is used to track the physical CPU allocation information. When
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a VCPU is created, we query, allocate, and update the array to map the
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VCPU to an available physical CPU.
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The physical CPU number assignment for each guest is pre-defined. For
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example, on a platform with four CPU cores, one physical CPU is assigned
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to run the Service Operating System (SOS) and other three physical CPUs
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are assigned to run the User Operating System (UOS) instances.
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.. note::
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To improvement SOS boot time, all physical CPUs are assigned to the SOS
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during the SOS boot. Afterward, the physical CPUs defined for the UOS
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are allocated by the Device Model (DM) by running the launch_uos.sh
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script.
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CPU management in SOS
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*********************
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With ACRN, all ACPI table entries are pass-thru to the SOS, including
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the Multiple Interrupt Controller Table (MADT). The SOS sees all
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physical CPUs by parsing the MADT when the SOS kernel boots. All
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physical CPUs are initially assigned to the SOS by creating the same
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number of virtual CPUs.
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When the SOS boot is finished, it releases the physical CPUs intended
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for UOS use.
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Here is an example flow of CPU allocation on a multi-core platform.
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.. figure:: images/static-core-image2.png
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:width: 600px
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:align: center
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:name: static-core-cpu-allocation
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CPU allocation on a multi-core platform
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CPU management in UOS
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*********************
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From the UOS point of view, CPU management is very simple, using a
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hypercall to create the virtual CPUs. Here's an example from from the DM
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code:
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.. code-block:: c
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int vm_create_vcpu(struct vmctx *ctx, uint16_t vcpu_id)
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{
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struct acrn_create_vcpu cv;
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int error;
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bzero(&cv, sizeof(struct acrn_create_vcpu));
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cv.vcpu_id = vcpu_id;
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error = ioctl(ctx->fd, IC_CREATE_VCPU, &cv);
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return error;
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}
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The VHM will respond to the ioctl:
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.. code-block:: c
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case IC_CREATE_VCPU: {
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struct acrn_create_vcpu cv;
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if (copy_from_user(&cv, (void *)ioctl_param,
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sizeof(struct acrn_create_vcpu)))
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return -EFAULT;
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ret = acrn_hypercall2(HC_CREATE_VCPU, vm->vmid,
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virt_to_phys(&cv));
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if (ret < 0) {
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pr_err("vhm: failed to create vcpu %d!\\n",
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cv.vcpu_id);
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return -EFAULT;
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}
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atomic_inc(&vm->vcpu_num);
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return ret;
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}
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The hypercall ``HC_CREATE_VCPU`` is handled in the hypervisor with
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the parameter:
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.. code-block:: c
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struct acrn_create_vcpu {
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/** the virtual CPU ID for the VCPU created */
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uint16_t vcpu_id;
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/** the physical CPU ID for the VCPU created */
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uint16_t pcpu_id;
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} __attribute__((aligned(8)));
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CPU assignment management in HV
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*******************************
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When we create a VCPU in the hypervisor, an available physical CPU is
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picked and marked as used. When we destroy the VCPU, we mark the
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physical CPU as available again.
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.. figure:: images/static-core-image1.png
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:width: 600px
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:align: center
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:name: static-core-cpu-assign
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HV CPU Assignment Management
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#. ``allocate_pcpu()`` queries the physical CPU allocation info to get an
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available physical CPU and marks physical CPU as not available
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#. Physical CPU info is passed to ``create_vcpu()`` and a mapping is built
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between the physical CPU and virtual CPU
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#. When the VCPU is destroyed VCPU, the physical CPU is passed to the
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``free_pcpu()`` function
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#. ``free_pcpu()`` marks the physical CPU available again.
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Currently, the ACRN hypervisor does not support virtual CPU migration to
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different physical CPUs. This means no changes to the virtual CPU to
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physical CPU can happen without first calling destroy_vcpu.
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