docs: add aws getting started guide

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Kelsey Hightower 2014-11-06 03:06:30 -08:00
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# Getting started on Amazon EC2
The example below creates an elastic Kubernetes cluster with 3 worker nodes and a master.
## Highlights
* Cluster bootstrapping using [cloud-config](https://coreos.com/docs/cluster-management/setup/cloudinit-cloud-config)
* Cross container networking with [flannel](https://github.com/coreos/flannel#flannel)
* Auto worker registration with [kube-register](https://github.com/kelseyhightower/kube-register#kube-register)
* Kubernetes v0.4.2 [official binaries](https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes/releases/tag/v0.4.2)
## Prerequisites
* [kubecfg CLI](aws/kubecfg.md)
* [aws CLI](http://aws.amazon.com/cli)
* CoreOS 490.0.0+
## Starting a Cluster
### Cloud Formation
The [cloudformation-template.json](aws/cloudformation-template.json) can be used to bootstrap a Kubernetes cluster with a single command.
```
aws cloudformation create-stack --stack-name kubernetes --region us-west-2 \
--template-body file://aws/cloudformation-template.json \
--parameters ParameterKey=KeyPair,ParameterValue=<keypair>
```
It will take a few minutes for the entire stack to come up. You can monitor the stack progress with the following command:
```
aws cloudformation describe-stack-events --stack-name kubernetes
```
> Record the Kubernetes Master IP address
```
aws cloudformation describe-stacks --stack-name kubernetes
```
[Skip to kubecfg client configuration](#configure-the-kubecfg-ssh-tunnel)
### Manually
The following commands use the CoreOS 490.0.0 alpha AMI `ami-e18dc5d1` from the `us-west-2` region. For a list of different regions and corresponding AMI IDs see the [CoreOS EC2 cloud provider documentation](https://coreos.com/docs/running-coreos/cloud-providers/ec2/#choosing-a-channel).
#### Create the Kubernetes Security Group
```
aws ec2 create-security-group --group-name kubernetes --description "Kubernetes Security Group"
aws ec2 authorize-security-group-ingress --group-name kubernetes --protocol tcp --port 22 --cidr 0.0.0.0/0
aws ec2 authorize-security-group-ingress --group-name kubernetes --protocol tcp --port 80 --cidr 0.0.0.0/0
aws ec2 authorize-security-group-ingress --group-name kubernetes --source-security-group-name kubernetes
```
#### Save the master and node cloud-configs
* [master.yaml](aws/cloud-configs/master.yaml)
* [node.yaml](aws/cloud-configs/node.yaml)
#### Launch the master
```
aws ec2 run-instances --image-id ami-e18dc5d1 --key-name <keypair> \
--region us-west-2 --security-groups kubernetes --instance-type m3.medium \
--user-data file://master.yaml
```
> Record the `InstanceId` for the master.
Gather the public and private IPs for the master node:
```
aws ec2 describe-instances --instance-id <instance-id>
```
```
{
"Reservations": [
{
"Instances": [
{
"PublicDnsName": "ec2-54-68-97-117.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com",
"RootDeviceType": "ebs",
"State": {
"Code": 16,
"Name": "running"
},
"PublicIpAddress": "54.68.97.117",
"PrivateIpAddress": "172.31.9.9",
...
```
#### Update the node.yaml cloud-config
Edit `node.yaml` and replace all instances of `<master-private-ip>` with the **private** IP address of the master node.
### Launch 3 worker nodes
```
aws ec2 run-instances --count 3 --image-id ami-e18dc5d1 --key-name <keypair> \
--region us-west-2 --security-groups kubernetes --instance-type m3.medium \
--user-data file://node.yaml
```
### Add additional worker nodes
```
aws ec2 run-instances --count 1 --image-id ami-e18dc5d1 --key-name <keypair> \
--region us-west-2 --security-groups kubernetes --instance-type m3.medium \
--user-data file://node.yaml
```
### Configure the kubecfg SSH tunnel
This command enables secure communication between the kubecfg client and the Kubernetes API.
```
ssh -f -nNT -L 8080:127.0.0.1:8080 core@<master-public-ip>
```
### Listing worker nodes
Once the worker instances have fully booted, they will be automatically registered with the Kubernetes API server by the kube-register service running on the master node. It may take a few mins.
```
kubecfg list minions
```
## Starting a simple pod
Create a pod manifest: `pod.json`
```
{
"id": "hello",
"kind": "Pod",
"apiVersion": "v1beta1",
"desiredState": {
"manifest": {
"version": "v1beta1",
"id": "hello",
"containers": [{
"name": "hello",
"image": "quay.io/kelseyhightower/hello",
"ports": [{
"containerPort": 80,
"hostPort": 80
}]
}]
}
},
"labels": {
"name": "hello",
"environment": "testing"
}
}
```
### Create the pod using the kubecfg command line tool
```
kubecfg -c pod.json create pods
```
### Testing
```
kubecfg list pods
```
> Record the **Host** of the pod, which should be the private IP address.
Gather the public IP address for the worker node.
```
aws ec2 describe-instances --filters 'Name=private-ip-address,Values=<host>'
```
```
{
"Reservations": [
{
"Instances": [
{
"PublicDnsName": "ec2-54-68-97-117.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com",
"RootDeviceType": "ebs",
"State": {
"Code": 16,
"Name": "running"
},
"PublicIpAddress": "54.68.97.117",
...
```
Visit the public IP address in your browser to view the running pod.
### Delete the pod
```
kubecfg delete pods/hello
```

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#cloud-config
coreos:
fleet:
etcd_servers: http://127.0.0.1:4001
metadata: role=master
etcd:
name: etcd
addr: $private_ipv4:4001
bind-addr: 0.0.0.0
peer-addr: $private_ipv4:7001
cluster-active-size: 1
etcd-http-read-timeout: 86400
snapshot: true
units:
- name: etcd.service
command: start
- name: fleet.service
command: start
- name: flannel.service
command: start
content: |
[Unit]
Requires=etcd.service
After=etcd.service
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
Description=flannel is an etcd backed overlay network for containers
[Service]
Type=notify
ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/mkdir -p /opt/bin
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/wget -N -P /opt/bin http://storage.googleapis.com/k8s/flanneld
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/chmod +x /opt/bin/flanneld
ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/etcdctl mk /coreos.com/network/config '{"Network":"10.0.0.0/16"}'
ExecStart=/opt/bin/flanneld
- name: kube-apiserver.service
command: start
content: |
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
Requires=etcd.service
After=etcd.service
[Service]
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/wget -N -P /opt/bin http://storage.googleapis.com/k8s/apiserver
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/chmod +x /opt/bin/apiserver
ExecStart=/opt/bin/apiserver \
--address=0.0.0.0 \
--port=8080 \
--etcd_servers=http://127.0.0.1:4001 \
--logtostderr=true
Restart=always
RestartSec=10
- name: kube-controller-manager.service
command: start
content: |
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
Requires=kube-apiserver.service
After=kube-apiserver.service
[Service]
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/wget -N -P /opt/bin http://storage.googleapis.com/k8s/controller-manager
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/chmod +x /opt/bin/controller-manager
ExecStart=/opt/bin/controller-manager \
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \
--logtostderr=true
Restart=always
RestartSec=10
- name: kube-scheduler.service
command: start
content: |
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
Requires=kube-apiserver.service
After=kube-apiserver.service
[Service]
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/wget -N -P /opt/bin http://storage.googleapis.com/k8s/scheduler
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/chmod +x /opt/bin/scheduler
ExecStart=/opt/bin/scheduler --master=127.0.0.1:8080
Restart=always
RestartSec=10
- name: kube-register.service
command: start
content: |
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Registration Service
Documentation=https://github.com/kelseyhightower/kube-register
Requires=kube-apiserver.service
After=kube-apiserver.service
[Service]
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/wget -N -P /opt/bin http://storage.googleapis.com/k8s/kube-register
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/chmod +x /opt/bin/kube-register
ExecStart=/opt/bin/kube-register \
--metadata=role=knode \
--fleet-endpoint=unix:///var/run/fleet.sock \
--api-endpoint=http://127.0.0.1:8080
Restart=always
RestartSec=10
update:
group: alpha
reboot-strategy: off

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#cloud-config
coreos:
fleet:
etcd_servers: http://<master-private-ip>:4001
metadata: role=knode
units:
- name: etcd.service
mask: true
- name: fleet.service
command: start
- name: flannel.service
command: start
content: |
[Unit]
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
Description=flannel is an etcd backed overlay network for containers
[Service]
Type=notify
ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/mkdir -p /opt/bin
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/wget -N -P /opt/bin http://storage.googleapis.com/k8s/flanneld
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/chmod +x /opt/bin/flanneld
ExecStart=/opt/bin/flanneld -etcd-endpoints http://<master-private-ip>:4001
- name: docker.service
command: start
content: |
[Unit]
After=flannel.service
Wants=flannel.service
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=http://docs.docker.io
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/run/flannel/subnet.env
ExecStartPre=/bin/mount --make-rprivate /
ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker -d --bip=${FLANNEL_SUBNET} --mtu=${FLANNEL_MTU} -s=btrfs -H fd://
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
- name: setup-network-environment.service
command: start
content: |
[Unit]
Description=Setup Network Environment
Documentation=https://github.com/kelseyhightower/setup-network-environment
Requires=network-online.target
After=network-online.target
[Service]
ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/mkdir -p /opt/bin
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/wget -N -P /opt/bin http://storage.googleapis.com/k8s/setup-network-environment
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/chmod +x /opt/bin/setup-network-environment
ExecStart=/opt/bin/setup-network-environment
RemainAfterExit=yes
Type=oneshot
- name: kube-kubelet.service
command: start
content: |
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
Requires=setup-network-environment.service
After=setup-network-environment.service
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/etc/network-environment
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/wget -N -P /opt/bin http://storage.googleapis.com/k8s/kubelet
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/chmod +x /opt/bin/kubelet
ExecStart=/opt/bin/kubelet \
--address=0.0.0.0 \
--port=10250 \
--hostname_override=${DEFAULT_IPV4} \
--etcd_servers=http://<master-private-ip>:4001 \
--logtostderr=true
Restart=always
RestartSec=10
update:
group: alpha
reboot-strategy: off

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{
"AWSTemplateFormatVersion": "2010-09-09",
"Description": "Kubernetes on EC2",
"Mappings": {
"RegionMap": {
"eu-central-1": {"AMI": "ami-54ccfa49"},
"ap-northeast-1": {"AMI": "ami-f7b08ff6"},
"sa-east-1": {"AMI": "ami-1304b30e"},
"ap-southeast-2": {"AMI": "ami-0f117e35"},
"ap-southeast-1": {"AMI": "ami-c04f6c92"},
"us-east-1": {"AMI": "ami-7ae66812"},
"us-west-2": {"AMI": "ami-e18dc5d1"},
"us-west-1": {"AMI": "ami-45fbec00"},
"eu-west-1": {"AMI": "ami-a27fd5d5"}
}
},
"Parameters": {
"InstanceType": {
"Description": "EC2 HVM instance type (m3.medium, etc).",
"Type": "String",
"Default": "m3.medium",
"AllowedValues": [
"m3.medium",
"m3.large",
"m3.xlarge",
"m3.2xlarge",
"c3.large",
"c3.xlarge",
"c3.2xlarge",
"c3.4xlarge",
"c3.8xlarge",
"cc2.8xlarge",
"cr1.8xlarge",
"hi1.4xlarge",
"hs1.8xlarge",
"i2.xlarge",
"i2.2xlarge",
"i2.4xlarge",
"i2.8xlarge",
"r3.large",
"r3.xlarge",
"r3.2xlarge",
"r3.4xlarge",
"r3.8xlarge",
"t2.micro",
"t2.small",
"t2.medium"
],
"ConstraintDescription": "Must be a valid EC2 HVM instance type."
},
"ClusterSize": {
"Description": "Number of nodes in cluster (3-12).",
"Default": "3",
"MinValue": "3",
"MaxValue": "12",
"Type": "Number"
},
"AllowSSHFrom": {
"Description": "The net block (CIDR) that SSH is available to.",
"Default": "0.0.0.0/0",
"Type": "String"
},
"KeyPair" : {
"Description": "The name of an EC2 Key Pair to allow SSH access to the instance.",
"Type": "String"
}
},
"Resources": {
"KubernetesSecurityGroup": {
"Type": "AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup",
"Properties": {
"GroupDescription": "Kubernetes SecurityGroup",
"SecurityGroupIngress": [
{
"IpProtocol": "tcp",
"FromPort": "22",
"ToPort": "22",
"CidrIp": {"Ref": "AllowSSHFrom"}
}
]
}
},
"KubernetesIngress": {
"Type": "AWS::EC2::SecurityGroupIngress",
"Properties": {
"GroupName": {"Ref": "KubernetesSecurityGroup"},
"IpProtocol": "tcp",
"FromPort": "1",
"ToPort": "65535",
"SourceSecurityGroupId": {
"Fn::GetAtt" : [ "KubernetesSecurityGroup", "GroupId" ]
}
}
},
"KubernetesMasterInstance": {
"Type": "AWS::EC2::Instance",
"Properties": {
"ImageId": {"Fn::FindInMap" : ["RegionMap", {"Ref": "AWS::Region" }, "AMI"]},
"InstanceType": {"Ref": "InstanceType"},
"KeyName": {"Ref": "KeyPair"},
"SecurityGroups": [{"Ref": "KubernetesSecurityGroup"}],
"UserData": { "Fn::Base64": {"Fn::Join" : ["", [
"#cloud-config\n\n",
"coreos:\n",
" fleet:\n",
" etcd_servers: http://127.0.0.1:4001\n",
" metadata: role=master\n",
" etcd:\n",
" name: etcd\n",
" addr: $private_ipv4:4001\n",
" bind-addr: 0.0.0.0\n",
" peer-addr: $private_ipv4:7001\n",
" cluster-active-size: 1\n",
" etcd-http-read-timeout: 86400\n",
" snapshot: true\n",
" units:\n",
" - name: etcd.service\n",
" command: start\n",
" - name: fleet.service\n",
" command: start\n",
" - name: flannel.service\n",
" command: start\n",
" content: |\n",
" [Unit]\n",
" Requires=etcd.service\n",
" After=etcd.service\n",
" After=network-online.target\n",
" Wants=network-online.target\n",
" Description=flannel is an etcd backed overlay network for containers\n\n",
" [Service]\n",
" Type=notify\n",
" ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/mkdir -p /opt/bin\n",
" ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/wget -N -P /opt/bin http://storage.googleapis.com/k8s/flanneld\n",
" ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/chmod +x /opt/bin/flanneld\n",
" ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/etcdctl mk /coreos.com/network/config '{\"Network\":\"10.0.0.0/16\"}'\n",
" ExecStart=/opt/bin/flanneld\n",
" - name: kube-apiserver.service\n",
" command: start\n",
" content: |\n",
" [Unit]\n",
" Description=Kubernetes API Server\n",
" Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes\n",
" Requires=etcd.service\n",
" After=etcd.service\n\n",
" [Service]\n",
" ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/wget -N -P /opt/bin http://storage.googleapis.com/k8s/apiserver\n",
" ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/chmod +x /opt/bin/apiserver\n",
" ExecStart=/opt/bin/apiserver \\\n",
" --address=0.0.0.0 \\\n",
" --port=8080 \\\n",
" --etcd_servers=http://127.0.0.1:4001 \\\n",
" --logtostderr=true\n",
" Restart=always\n",
" RestartSec=10\n",
" - name: kube-controller-manager.service\n",
" command: start\n",
" content: |\n",
" [Unit]\n",
" Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager\n",
" Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes\n",
" Requires=kube-apiserver.service\n",
" After=kube-apiserver.service\n\n",
" [Service]\n",
" ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/wget -N -P /opt/bin http://storage.googleapis.com/k8s/controller-manager\n",
" ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/chmod +x /opt/bin/controller-manager\n",
" ExecStart=/opt/bin/controller-manager \\\n",
" --master=127.0.0.1:8080 \\\n",
" --logtostderr=true\n",
" Restart=always\n",
" RestartSec=10\n",
" - name: kube-scheduler.service\n",
" command: start\n",
" content: |\n",
" [Unit]\n",
" Description=Kubernetes Scheduler\n",
" Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes\n",
" Requires=kube-apiserver.service\n",
" After=kube-apiserver.service\n\n",
" [Service]\n",
" ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/wget -N -P /opt/bin http://storage.googleapis.com/k8s/scheduler\n",
" ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/chmod +x /opt/bin/scheduler\n",
" ExecStart=/opt/bin/scheduler --master=127.0.0.1:8080\n",
" Restart=always\n",
" RestartSec=10\n",
" - name: kube-register.service\n",
" command: start\n",
" content: |\n",
" [Unit]\n",
" Description=Kubernetes Registration Service\n",
" Documentation=https://github.com/kelseyhightower/kube-register\n",
" Requires=kube-apiserver.service\n",
" After=kube-apiserver.service\n\n",
" [Service]\n",
" ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/wget -N -P /opt/bin http://storage.googleapis.com/k8s/kube-register\n",
" ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/chmod +x /opt/bin/kube-register\n",
" ExecStart=/opt/bin/kube-register \\\n",
" --metadata=role=knode \\\n",
" --fleet-endpoint=unix:///var/run/fleet.sock \\\n",
" --api-endpoint=http://127.0.0.1:8080\n",
" Restart=always\n",
" RestartSec=10\n",
" update:\n",
" group: alpha\n",
" reboot-strategy: off\n"
]]}
}
}
},
"KubernetesNodeLaunchConfig": {
"Type": "AWS::AutoScaling::LaunchConfiguration",
"Properties": {
"ImageId": {"Fn::FindInMap" : ["RegionMap", {"Ref": "AWS::Region" }, "AMI" ]},
"InstanceType": {"Ref": "InstanceType"},
"KeyName": {"Ref": "KeyPair"},
"SecurityGroups": [{"Ref": "KubernetesSecurityGroup"}],
"UserData": { "Fn::Base64": {"Fn::Join" : ["", [
"#cloud-config\n\n",
"coreos:\n",
" fleet:\n",
" etcd_servers: http://", {"Fn::GetAtt":["KubernetesMasterInstance" , "PrivateIp"]}, ":4001\n",
" metadata: role=knode\n",
" units:\n",
" - name: etcd.service\n",
" mask: true\n",
" - name: fleet.service\n",
" command: start\n",
" - name: flannel.service\n",
" command: start\n",
" content: |\n",
" [Unit]\n",
" After=network-online.target\n",
" Wants=network-online.target\n",
" Description=flannel is an etcd backed overlay network for containers\n\n",
" [Service]\n",
" Type=notify\n",
" ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/mkdir -p /opt/bin\n",
" ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/wget -N -P /opt/bin http://storage.googleapis.com/k8s/flanneld\n",
" ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/chmod +x /opt/bin/flanneld\n",
" ExecStart=/opt/bin/flanneld -etcd-endpoints http://", {"Fn::GetAtt" :["KubernetesMasterInstance" , "PrivateIp"]}, ":4001\n",
" - name: docker.service\n",
" command: start\n",
" content: |\n",
" [Unit]\n",
" After=flannel.service\n",
" Wants=flannel.service\n",
" Description=Docker Application Container Engine\n",
" Documentation=http://docs.docker.io\n\n",
" [Service]\n",
" EnvironmentFile=/run/flannel/subnet.env\n",
" ExecStartPre=/bin/mount --make-rprivate /\n",
" ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker -d --bip=${FLANNEL_SUBNET} --mtu=${FLANNEL_MTU} -s=btrfs -H fd://\n\n",
" [Install]\n",
" WantedBy=multi-user.target\n",
" - name: setup-network-environment.service\n",
" command: start\n",
" content: |\n",
" [Unit]\n",
" Description=Setup Network Environment\n",
" Documentation=https://github.com/kelseyhightower/setup-network-environment\n",
" Requires=network-online.target\n",
" After=network-online.target\n\n",
" [Service]\n",
" ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/mkdir -p /opt/bin\n",
" ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/wget -N -P /opt/bin http://storage.googleapis.com/k8s/setup-network-environment\n",
" ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/chmod +x /opt/bin/setup-network-environment\n",
" ExecStart=/opt/bin/setup-network-environment\n",
" RemainAfterExit=yes\n",
" Type=oneshot\n",
" - name: kube-kubelet.service\n",
" command: start\n",
" content: |\n",
" [Unit]\n",
" Description=Kubernetes Kubelet\n",
" Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes\n",
" Requires=setup-network-environment.service\n",
" After=setup-network-environment.service\n\n",
" [Service]\n",
" EnvironmentFile=/etc/network-environment\n",
" ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/wget -N -P /opt/bin http://storage.googleapis.com/k8s/kubelet\n",
" ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/chmod +x /opt/bin/kubelet\n",
" ExecStart=/opt/bin/kubelet \\\n",
" --address=0.0.0.0 \\\n",
" --port=10250 \\\n",
" --hostname_override=${DEFAULT_IPV4} \\\n",
" --etcd_servers=http://", {"Fn::GetAtt" :["KubernetesMasterInstance" , "PrivateIp"]}, ":4001\\\n",
" --logtostderr=true\n",
" Restart=always\n",
" RestartSec=10\n",
" update:\n",
" group: alpha\n",
" reboot-strategy: off\n"
]]}
}
}
},
"KubernetesAutoScalingGroup": {
"Type": "AWS::AutoScaling::AutoScalingGroup",
"Properties": {
"AvailabilityZones": {"Fn::GetAZs": ""},
"LaunchConfigurationName": {"Ref": "KubernetesNodeLaunchConfig"},
"MinSize": "3",
"MaxSize": "12",
"DesiredCapacity": {"Ref": "ClusterSize"}
}
}
},
"Outputs": {
"KubernetesMasterPublicIp": {
"Description": "Public Ip of the newly created Kubernetes Master instance",
"Value": {"Fn::GetAtt": ["KubernetesMasterInstance" , "PublicIp"]}
}
}
}

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# Install and configure kubecfg
## Downlaod the kubecfg cli tool
### Darwin
```
wget http://storage.googleapis.com/k8s/darwin/kubecfg
```
### Linux
```
wget http://storage.googleapis.com/k8s/darwin/kubecfg
```
### Copy kubecfg to your path
```
chmod +x kubecfg
mv kubecfg /usr/local/bin/
```
### Create a secure tunnel for API communication
```
ssh -f -nNT -L 8080:127.0.0.1:8080 core@<master-public-ip>
```