Bump to v1.20.0

Bumping to v1.20 to align with Buildah v1.41 and Podman v5.6
now that Skopeo has the same c/* libraries vendored in.

Signed-off-by: tomsweeneyredhat <tsweeney@redhat.com>

.cirrus.yml

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ env:
     SCRIPT_BASE: "./contrib/cirrus"
 
     # Google-cloud VM Images
-    IMAGE_SUFFIX: "c20240529t141726z-f40f39d13"
+    IMAGE_SUFFIX: "c20250721t181111z-f42f41d13"
     FEDORA_CACHE_IMAGE_NAME: "fedora-${IMAGE_SUFFIX}"
 
     # Container FQIN's
@@ -62,12 +62,12 @@ doccheck_task:
         cpu: 4
         memory: 8
     env:
-        BUILDTAGS: &withopengpg 'btrfs_noversion libdm_no_deferred_remove containers_image_openpgp'
+        BUILDTAGS: &withopengpg 'containers_image_openpgp'
     script: |
       # TODO: Can't use 'runner.sh setup' inside container.  However,
       # removing the pre-installed package is the only necessary step
       # at the time of this comment.
-      dnf erase -y skopeo  # Guarantee non-interference
+      dnf remove -y skopeo  # Guarantee non-interference
       "${SKOPEO_PATH}/${SCRIPT_BASE}/runner.sh" build
       "${SKOPEO_PATH}/${SCRIPT_BASE}/runner.sh" doccheck
 
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ ostree-rs-ext_task:
         dockerfile: contrib/cirrus/ostree_ext.dockerfile
         docker_arguments:  # required build-args
             BASE_FQIN: quay.io/coreos-assembler/fcos-buildroot:testing-devel
-            CIRRUS_IMAGE_VERSION: 2
+            CIRRUS_IMAGE_VERSION: 3
     env:
         EXT_REPO_NAME: ostree-rs-ext
         EXT_REPO_HOME: $CIRRUS_WORKING_DIR/../$EXT_REPO_NAME
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ test_skopeo_task:
     matrix:
         - name: "Skopeo Test"  # N/B: Name ref. by hack/get_fqin.sh
           env:
-              BUILDTAGS: 'btrfs_noversion libdm_no_deferred_remove'
+              BUILDTAGS: ''
         - name: "Skopeo Test w/ opengpg"
           env:
               BUILDTAGS: *withopengpg

.fmf/version

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+1

.github/workflows/check_cirrus_cron.yml

@@ -17,4 +17,9 @@ jobs:
   # Ref: https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-workflows/reusing-workflows
   call_cron_failures:
     uses: containers/podman/.github/workflows/check_cirrus_cron.yml@main
-    secrets: inherit
+    secrets:
+      SECRET_CIRRUS_API_KEY: ${{secrets.SECRET_CIRRUS_API_KEY}}
+      ACTION_MAIL_SERVER: ${{secrets.ACTION_MAIL_SERVER}}
+      ACTION_MAIL_USERNAME: ${{secrets.ACTION_MAIL_USERNAME}}
+      ACTION_MAIL_PASSWORD: ${{secrets.ACTION_MAIL_PASSWORD}}
+      ACTION_MAIL_SENDER: ${{secrets.ACTION_MAIL_SENDER}}

.github/workflows/rerun_cirrus_cron.yml

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
----
-
-# See also: https://github.com/containers/podman/blob/main/.github/workflows/rerun_cirrus_cron.yml
-
-on:
-  # Note: This only applies to the default branch.
-  schedule:
-    # N/B: This should correspond to a period slightly after
-    # the last job finishes running.  See job defs. at:
-    # https://cirrus-ci.com/settings/repository/6706677464432640
-    - cron:  '01 01 * * 1-5'
-  # Debug: Allow triggering job manually in github-actions WebUI
-  workflow_dispatch: {}
-
-jobs:
-  # Ref: https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-workflows/reusing-workflows
-  call_cron_rerun:
-    uses: containers/podman/.github/workflows/rerun_cirrus_cron.yml@main
-    secrets: inherit

.golangci.yml

@@ -1,3 +1,13 @@
----
-run:
-  timeout: 5m
+version: "2"
+linters:
+  settings:
+    staticcheck:
+      checks:
+        # Compared to golangci-lint v2.0.2 defaults, we don’t exclude
+        # ST1003, ST1016, ST1020, ST1021, ST1022 as we don't hit those.
+        - all
+        - -ST1000 # Incorrect or missing package comment.
+        - -ST1005 # Incorrectly formatted error string.
+  exclusions:
+    presets:
+      - std-error-handling

.packit.yaml

@@ -9,6 +9,27 @@
 downstream_package_name: skopeo
 upstream_tag_template: v{version}
 
+# These files get synced from upstream to downstream (Fedora / CentOS Stream) on every
+# propose-downstream job. This is done so tests maintained upstream can be run
+# downstream in Zuul CI and Bodhi.
+# Ref: https://packit.dev/docs/configuration#files_to_sync
+files_to_sync:
+  - src: rpm/gating.yaml
+    dest: gating.yaml
+    delete: true
+  - src: plans/
+    dest: plans/
+    delete: true
+    mkpath: true
+  - src: systemtest/tmt/
+    dest: test/tmt/
+    delete: true
+    mkpath: true
+  - src: .fmf/
+    dest: .fmf/
+    delete: true
+  - .packit.yaml
+
 packages:
   skopeo-fedora:
     pkg_tool: fedpkg
@@ -16,7 +37,7 @@ packages:
   skopeo-centos:
     pkg_tool: centpkg
     specfile_path: rpm/skopeo.spec
-  skopeo-rhel:
+  skopeo-eln:
     specfile_path: rpm/skopeo.spec
 
 srpm_build_deps:
@@ -29,9 +50,20 @@ jobs:
     notifications: &copr_build_failure_notification
       failure_comment:
         message: "Ephemeral COPR build failed. @containers/packit-build please check."
+    targets: &fedora_copr_targets
+      - fedora-all-x86_64
+      - fedora-all-aarch64
+    enable_net: true
+    # Re-enable these scans if OpenScanHub starts scanning go packages
+    # https://packit.dev/posts/openscanhub-prototype
+    osh_diff_scan_after_copr_build: false
+
+  # Ignore until golang is updated in distro buildroot to go 1.23.3+
+  - job: copr_build
+    trigger: ignore
+    packages: [skopeo-eln]
+    notifications: *copr_build_failure_notification
     targets:
-      fedora-all-x86_64: {}
-      fedora-all-aarch64: {}
       fedora-eln-x86_64:
         additional_repos:
           - "https://kojipkgs.fedoraproject.org/repos/eln-build/latest/x86_64/"
@@ -40,26 +72,18 @@ jobs:
           - "https://kojipkgs.fedoraproject.org/repos/eln-build/latest/aarch64/"
     enable_net: true
 
+  # Ignore until golang is updated in distro buildroot to go 1.23.3+
   - job: copr_build
-    trigger: pull_request
+    trigger: ignore
     packages: [skopeo-centos]
     notifications: *copr_build_failure_notification
-    targets:
+    targets: &centos_copr_targets
       - centos-stream-9-x86_64
       - centos-stream-9-aarch64
       - centos-stream-10-x86_64
       - centos-stream-10-aarch64
     enable_net: true
 
-  - job: copr_build
-    trigger: pull_request
-    packages: [skopeo-rhel]
-    notifications: *copr_build_failure_notification
-    targets:
-      - epel-9-x86_64
-      - epel-9-aarch64
-    enable_net: true
-
   # Run on commit to main branch
   - job: copr_build
     trigger: commit
@@ -72,28 +96,59 @@ jobs:
     project: podman-next
     enable_net: true
 
+  # Tests on Fedora for main branch
+  - job: tests
+    trigger: pull_request
+    packages: [skopeo-fedora]
+    notifications: &test_failure_notification
+      failure_comment:
+        message: "Tests failed. @containers/packit-build please check."
+    targets: *fedora_copr_targets
+    tf_extra_params:
+      environments:
+        - artifacts:
+          - type: repository-file
+            id: https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org/coprs/rhcontainerbot/podman-next/repo/fedora-$releasever/rhcontainerbot-podman-next-fedora-$releasever.repo
+
+  # Tests on CentOS Stream for main branch
+  # Ignore until golang is updated in distro buildroot to go 1.23.3+
+  - job: tests
+    trigger: ignore
+    packages: [skopeo-centos]
+    notifications: *test_failure_notification
+    targets: *centos_copr_targets
+    tf_extra_params:
+      environments:
+        - artifacts:
+          - type: repository-file
+            id: https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org/coprs/rhcontainerbot/podman-next/repo/centos-stream-$releasever/rhcontainerbot-podman-next-centos-stream-$releasever.repo
+
   # Sync to Fedora
   - job: propose_downstream
     trigger: release
     packages: [skopeo-fedora]
     update_release: false
-    dist_git_branches:
+    dist_git_branches: &fedora_targets
       - fedora-all
 
   # Sync to CentOS Stream
+  # FIXME: Switch trigger whenever we're ready to update CentOS Stream via
+  # Packit
   - job: propose_downstream
-    trigger: release
+    trigger: ignore
     packages: [skopeo-centos]
     update_release: false
     dist_git_branches:
       - c10s
 
+  # Fedora Koji build
   - job: koji_build
     trigger: commit
-    dist_git_branches:
-      - fedora-all
-
-  - job: bodhi_update
-    trigger: commit
-    dist_git_branches:
-      - fedora-branched # rawhide updates are created automatically
+    packages: [skopeo-fedora]
+    sidetag_group: podman-releases
+    # Dependents are not rpm dependencies, but the package whose bodhi update
+    # should include this package.
+    # Ref: https://packit.dev/docs/fedora-releases-guide/releasing-multiple-packages
+    dependents:
+      - podman
+    dist_git_branches: *fedora_targets

CODE-OF-CONDUCT.md

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 ## The skopeo Project Community Code of Conduct
 
-The skopeo project follows the [Containers Community Code of Conduct](https://github.com/containers/common/blob/main/CODE-OF-CONDUCT.md).
+The skopeo project, as part of Podman Container Tools, follows the [CNCF Code of Conduct](https://github.com/cncf/foundation/blob/main/code-of-conduct.md).

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -148,9 +148,13 @@ When new PRs for [containers/image](https://github.com/containers/image) break `
 
 ## Communications
 
-For general questions, or discussions, please use the 
-IRC channel on `irc.libera.chat` called `#container-projects`
-that has been setup.
+For general questions, or discussions, please use the
+[#podman](https://app.slack.com/client/T08PSQ7BQ/C08MXJLCFCN) channel on the [CNCF
+Slack](https://cloud-native.slack.com).
+
+For development related discussions, please use the
+[#podman-dev](https://app.slack.com/client/T08PSQ7BQ/C08NTKCDC1W) channel on the CNCF
+Slack.
 
 For discussions around issues/bugs and features, you can use the github
 [issues](https://github.com/containers/skopeo/issues)

GOVERNANCE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+## The Skopeo Project Community Governance
+
+The Skopeo project, as part of Podman Container Tools, follows the [Podman Project Governance](https://github.com/containers/podman/blob/main/GOVERNANCE.md)
+except sections found in this document, which override those found in Podman's Governance.
+
+---
+
+# Maintainers File
+
+The definitive source of truth for maintainers of this repository is the local [MAINTAINERS.md](./MAINTAINERS.md) file. The [MAINTAINERS.md](https://github.com/containers/podman/blob/main/MAINTAINERS.md) file in the main Podman repository is used for project-spanning roles, including Core Maintainer and Community Manager. Some repositories in the project will also have a local [OWNERS](./OWNERS) file, which the CI system uses to map users to roles. Any changes to the [OWNERS](./OWNERS) file must make a corresponding change to the [MAINTAINERS.md](./MAINTAINERS.md) file to ensure that the file remains up to date. Most changes to [MAINTAINERS.md](./MAINTAINERS.md) will require a change to the repository’s [OWNERS](.OWNERS) file (e.g., adding a Reviewer), but some will not (e.g., promoting a Maintainer to a Core Maintainer, which comes with no additional CI-related privileges).
+
+Any Core Maintainers listed in Podman’s [MAINTAINERS.md](https://github.com/containers/podman/blob/main/MAINTAINERS.md) file should also be added to the list of “approvers” in the local [OWNERS](./OWNERS) file and as a Core Maintainer in the list of “Maintainers” in the local [MAINTAINERS.md](./MAINTAINERS.md) file.

MAINTAINERS.md

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# Skopeo Maintainers
+
+[GOVERNANCE.md](https://github.com/containers/podman/blob/main/GOVERNANCE.md)
+describes the project's governance and the Project Roles used below.
+
+## Maintainers
+
+| Maintainer        | GitHub ID                                                | Project Roles                    | Affiliation                                  |
+|-------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------------------|
+| Brent Baude       | [baude](https://github.com/baude)                        | Core Maintainer                  | [Red Hat](https://github.com/RedHatOfficial) |
+| Nalin Dahyabhai   | [nalind](https://github.com/nalind)                      | Core Maintainer                  | [Red Hat](https://github.com/RedHatOfficial) |
+| Matthew Heon      | [mheon](https://github.com/mheon)                        | Core Maintainer                  | [Red Hat](https://github.com/RedHatOfficial) |
+| Paul Holzinger    | [Luap99](https://github.com/Luap99)                      | Core Maintainer                  | [Red Hat](https://github.com/RedHatOfficial) |
+| Giuseppe Scrivano | [giuseppe](https://github.com/giuseppe)                  | Core Maintainer                  | [Red Hat](https://github.com/RedHatOfficial) |
+| Miloslav Trmač    | [mtrmac](https://github.com/mtrmac)                      | Core Maintainer                  | [Red Hat](https://github.com/RedHatOfficial) |
+| Neil Smith        | [actionmancan](https://github.com/actionmancan)          | Community Manager                | [Red Hat](https://github.com/RedHatOfficial) |
+| Tom Sweeney       | [TomSweeneyRedHat](https://github.com/TomSweeneyRedHat/) | Maintainer and Community Manager | [Red Hat](https://github.com/RedHatOfficial) |
+| Lokesh Mandvekar  | [lsm5](https://github.com/lsm5)                          | Maintainer                       | [Red Hat](https://github.com/RedHatOfficial) |
+| Dan Walsh         | [rhatdan](https://github.com/rhatdan)                    | Maintainer                       | [Red Hat](https://github.com/RedHatOfficial) |
+| Ashley Cui        | [ashley-cui](https://github.com/ashley-cui)              | Reviewer                         | [Red Hat](https://github.com/RedHatOfficial) |
+| Valentin Rothberg | [vrothberg](https://github.com/vrothberg)                | Reviewer                         | [Red Hat](https://github.com/RedHatOfficial) |
+| Colin Walters     | [cgwalters](https://github.com/cgwalters)                | Reviewer                         | [Red Hat](https://github.com/RedHatOfficial) |
+
+## Alumni
+
+None at present
+
+## Credits
+
+The structure of this document was based off of the equivalent one in the [CRI-O Project](https://github.com/cri-o/cri-o/blob/main/MAINTAINERS.md).
+
+## Note
+
+If there is a discrepancy between the [MAINTAINERS.md](https://github.com/containers/podman/blob/main/MAINTAINERS.md) file in the main Podman repository and this file regarding Core Maintainers or Community Managers, the file in the Podman Repository is considered the source of truth.

Makefile

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ GOARCH ?= $(shell go env GOARCH)
 # N/B: This value is managed by Renovate, manual changes are
 # possible, as long as they don't disturb the formatting
 # (i.e. DO NOT ADD A 'v' prefix!)
-GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION := 1.59.1
+GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION := 2.3.0
 
 ifeq ($(GOBIN),)
 GOBIN := $(GOPATH)/bin
@@ -53,10 +53,9 @@ ifeq ($(GOOS), linux)
   endif
 endif
 
-# If $TESTFLAGS is set, it is passed as extra arguments to 'go test'.
+# If $TESTFLAGS is set, it is passed as extra arguments to 'go test' on integration tests.
 # You can select certain tests to run, with `-run <regex>` for example:
 #
-#     make test-unit TESTFLAGS='-run ^TestManifestDigest$'
 #     make test-integration TESTFLAGS='-run copySuite.TestCopy.*'
 export TESTFLAGS ?= -timeout=15m
 
@@ -90,9 +89,10 @@ SKOPEO_LDFLAGS := -ldflags '-X main.gitCommit=${GIT_COMMIT} $(EXTRA_LDFLAGS)'
 MANPAGES_MD = $(wildcard docs/*.md)
 MANPAGES ?= $(MANPAGES_MD:%.md=%)
 
-BTRFS_BUILD_TAG = $(shell hack/btrfs_tag.sh) $(shell hack/btrfs_installed_tag.sh)
+BTRFS_BUILD_TAG = $(shell hack/btrfs_installed_tag.sh)
 LIBSUBID_BUILD_TAG = $(shell hack/libsubid_tag.sh)
-LOCAL_BUILD_TAGS = $(BTRFS_BUILD_TAG) $(LIBSUBID_BUILD_TAG)
+SQLITE_BUILD_TAG = $(shell hack/sqlite_tag.sh)
+LOCAL_BUILD_TAGS = $(BTRFS_BUILD_TAG) $(LIBSUBID_BUILD_TAG) $(SQLITE_BUILD_TAG)
 BUILDTAGS += $(LOCAL_BUILD_TAGS)
 
 ifeq ($(DISABLE_CGO), 1)
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ test-integration:
 # Intended for CI, assumed to be running in quay.io/libpod/skopeo_cidev container.
 test-integration-local: bin/skopeo
 	hack/warn-destructive-tests.sh
-	hack/test-integration.sh
+	hack/test-integration.sh $(SKOPEO_LDFLAGS) $(TESTFLAGS)
 
 # complicated set of options needed to run podman-in-podman
 test-system:
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ test-system:
 # Intended for CI, assumed to already be running in quay.io/libpod/skopeo_cidev container.
 test-system-local: bin/skopeo
 	hack/warn-destructive-tests.sh
-	hack/test-system.sh
+	hack/test-system.sh SKOPEO_LDFLAGS="$(SKOPEO_LDFLAGS)" BUILDTAGS="$(BUILDTAGS)"
 
 test-unit:
 	# Just call (make test unit-local) here instead of worrying about environment differences
@@ -237,7 +237,11 @@ test-all-local: validate-local validate-docs test-unit-local
 validate-local:
 	hack/validate-git-marks.sh
 	hack/validate-gofmt.sh
-	GOBIN=$(GOBIN) hack/validate-lint.sh
+	$(GOBIN)/golangci-lint run --build-tags "${BUILDTAGS}"
+	# An extra run with --tests=false allows detecting code unused outside of tests;
+	# ideally the linter should be able to find this automatically.
+	# Since everything is already cached, this additional run doesn't take much time.
+	$(GOBIN)/golangci-lint run --build-tags "${BUILDTAGS}" --tests=false
 	BUILDTAGS="${BUILDTAGS}" hack/validate-vet.sh
 
 # This invokes bin/skopeo, hence cannot be run as part of validate-local

OWNERS

@@ -1,17 +1,23 @@
 approvers:
-  - mtrmac
+  - baude
+  - giuseppe
   - lsm5
-  - TomSweeneyRedHat
+  - Luap99
+  - mheon
+  - mtrmac
+  - nalind
   - rhatdan
-  - vrothberg
+  - TomSweeneyRedHat
 reviewers:
   - ashley-cui
+  - baude
+  - cgwalters
   - giuseppe
-  - containers/image-maintainers
   - lsm5
+  - Luap99
+  - mheon
   - mtrmac
-  - QiWang19
+  - nalind
   - rhatdan
-  - runcom
   - TomSweeneyRedHat
   - vrothberg

README.md

@@ -3,6 +3,10 @@
 </p>
 
 ----
+![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-Apache_2.0-blue.svg)
+![GitHub release (latest SemVer)](https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/containers/skopeo)
+[![Go Report Card](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/containers/skopeo)](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/containers/skopeo)
+[![OpenSSF Best Practices](https://www.bestpractices.dev/projects/10516/badge)](https://www.bestpractices.dev/projects/10516)
 
 `skopeo` is a command line utility that performs various operations on container images and image repositories.
 

ROADMAP.md

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# Skopeo Roadmap
+
+Skopeo intends to mostly continue to be a very thin CLI wrapper over the [https://github.com/containers/image](containers/image) library, with most features being added there, not to this repo. A typical new Skopeo feature would only add a CLI for a recent containers/image feature.
+
+## Future feature focus (most of the work must be done in the containers/image library)
+
+* OCI artifact support.
+* Integration of composefs.
+* Partial pull support (zstd:chunked).
+* Performance and stability improvements.
+* Reductions to the size of the Skopeo binary.
+* `skopeo sync` exists, and bugs in it should be fixed, but we don’t have much of an ambition to compete with much larger projects like [https://github.com/openshift/oc-mirror](oc-mirror).

cmd/skopeo/completions.go

@@ -1,15 +1,52 @@
 package main
 
 import (
+	"github.com/containers/image/v5/directory"
+	"github.com/containers/image/v5/docker"
+	dockerArchive "github.com/containers/image/v5/docker/archive"
+	ociArchive "github.com/containers/image/v5/oci/archive"
+	oci "github.com/containers/image/v5/oci/layout"
+	"github.com/containers/image/v5/sif"
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/tarball"
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/transports"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"strings"
 )
 
-// autocompleteSupportedTransports list all supported transports with the colon suffix.
-func autocompleteSupportedTransports(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]string, cobra.ShellCompDirective) {
+func autocompleteImageNames(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, toComplete string) ([]cobra.Completion, cobra.ShellCompDirective) {
+	transport, details, haveTransport := strings.Cut(toComplete, ":")
+	if !haveTransport {
+		transports := supportedTransportSuggestions()
+		return transports, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace | cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+	}
+	switch transport {
+	case ociArchive.Transport.Name(), dockerArchive.Transport.Name():
+		// Can have [:{*reference|@source-index}]
+		// FIXME: `oci-archive:/path/to/a.oci:<TAB>` completes paths
+		return nil, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace
+	case sif.Transport.Name():
+		return nil, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+
+	// Both directory and oci should have ShellCompDirectiveFilterDirs to complete only directories, but it doesn't currently work in bash: https://github.com/spf13/cobra/issues/2242
+	case oci.Transport.Name():
+		// Can have '[:{reference|@source-index}]'
+		// FIXME: `oci:/path/to/dir/:<TAB>` completes paths
+		return nil, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveDefault | cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace
+	case directory.Transport.Name():
+		return nil, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveDefault
+
+	case docker.Transport.Name():
+		if details == "" {
+			return []cobra.Completion{transport + "://"}, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace | cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+		}
+	}
+	return nil, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoSpace | cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+}
+
+// supportedTransportSuggestions list all supported transports with the colon suffix.
+func supportedTransportSuggestions() []string {
 	tps := transports.ListNames()
-	suggestions := make([]string, 0, len(tps))
+	suggestions := make([]cobra.Completion, 0, len(tps))
 	for _, tp := range tps {
 		// ListNames is generally expected to filter out deprecated transports.
 		// tarball: is not deprecated, but it is only usable from a Go caller (using tarball.ConfigUpdater),
@@ -18,5 +55,5 @@ func autocompleteSupportedTransports(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string, toComple
 			suggestions = append(suggestions, tp+":")
 		}
 	}
-	return suggestions, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+	return suggestions
 }

cmd/skopeo/copy.go

@@ -12,9 +12,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/copy"
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/docker/reference"
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/manifest"
-	"github.com/containers/image/v5/pkg/cli"
-	"github.com/containers/image/v5/pkg/cli/sigstore"
-	"github.com/containers/image/v5/signature/signer"
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/transports"
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/transports/alltransports"
 	encconfig "github.com/containers/ocicrypt/config"
@@ -23,28 +20,22 @@ import (
 )
 
 type copyOptions struct {
-	global                   *globalOptions
-	deprecatedTLSVerify      *deprecatedTLSVerifyOption
-	srcImage                 *imageOptions
-	destImage                *imageDestOptions
-	retryOpts                *retry.Options
-	additionalTags           []string                  // For docker-archive: destinations, in addition to the name:tag specified as destination, also add these
-	removeSignatures         bool                      // Do not copy signatures from the source image
-	signByFingerprint        string                    // Sign the image using a GPG key with the specified fingerprint
-	signBySigstoreParamFile  string                    // Sign the image using a sigstore signature per configuration in a param file
-	signBySigstorePrivateKey string                    // Sign the image using a sigstore private key
-	signPassphraseFile       string                    // Path pointing to a passphrase file when signing (for either signature format, but only one of them)
-	signIdentity             string                    // Identity of the signed image, must be a fully specified docker reference
-	digestFile               string                    // Write digest to this file
-	format                   commonFlag.OptionalString // Force conversion of the image to a specified format
-	quiet                    bool                      // Suppress output information when copying images
-	all                      bool                      // Copy all of the images if the source is a list
-	multiArch                commonFlag.OptionalString // How to handle multi architecture images
-	preserveDigests          bool                      // Preserve digests during copy
-	encryptLayer             []int                     // The list of layers to encrypt
-	encryptionKeys           []string                  // Keys needed to encrypt the image
-	decryptionKeys           []string                  // Keys needed to decrypt the image
-	imageParallelCopies      uint                      // Maximum number of parallel requests when copying images
+	global              *globalOptions
+	deprecatedTLSVerify *deprecatedTLSVerifyOption
+	srcImage            *imageOptions
+	destImage           *imageDestOptions
+	retryOpts           *retry.Options
+	copy                *sharedCopyOptions
+	additionalTags      []string                  // For docker-archive: destinations, in addition to the name:tag specified as destination, also add these
+	signIdentity        string                    // Identity of the signed image, must be a fully specified docker reference
+	digestFile          string                    // Write digest to this file
+	quiet               bool                      // Suppress output information when copying images
+	all                 bool                      // Copy all of the images if the source is a list
+	multiArch           commonFlag.OptionalString // How to handle multi architecture images
+	encryptLayer        []int                     // The list of layers to encrypt
+	encryptionKeys      []string                  // Keys needed to encrypt the image
+	decryptionKeys      []string                  // Keys needed to decrypt the image
+	imageParallelCopies uint                      // Maximum number of parallel requests when copying images
 }
 
 func copyCmd(global *globalOptions) *cobra.Command {
@@ -53,11 +44,13 @@ func copyCmd(global *globalOptions) *cobra.Command {
 	srcFlags, srcOpts := imageFlags(global, sharedOpts, deprecatedTLSVerifyOpt, "src-", "screds")
 	destFlags, destOpts := imageDestFlags(global, sharedOpts, deprecatedTLSVerifyOpt, "dest-", "dcreds")
 	retryFlags, retryOpts := retryFlags()
+	copyFlags, copyOpts := sharedCopyFlags()
 	opts := copyOptions{global: global,
 		deprecatedTLSVerify: deprecatedTLSVerifyOpt,
 		srcImage:            srcOpts,
 		destImage:           destOpts,
 		retryOpts:           retryOpts,
+		copy:                copyOpts,
 	}
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "copy [command options] SOURCE-IMAGE DESTINATION-IMAGE",
@@ -71,7 +64,7 @@ See skopeo(1) section "IMAGE NAMES" for the expected format
 `, strings.Join(transports.ListNames(), ", ")),
 		RunE:              commandAction(opts.run),
 		Example:           `skopeo copy docker://quay.io/skopeo/stable:latest docker://registry.example.com/skopeo:latest`,
-		ValidArgsFunction: autocompleteSupportedTransports,
+		ValidArgsFunction: autocompleteImageNames,
 	}
 	adjustUsage(cmd)
 	flags := cmd.Flags()
@@ -80,19 +73,13 @@ See skopeo(1) section "IMAGE NAMES" for the expected format
 	flags.AddFlagSet(&srcFlags)
 	flags.AddFlagSet(&destFlags)
 	flags.AddFlagSet(&retryFlags)
+	flags.AddFlagSet(&copyFlags)
 	flags.StringSliceVar(&opts.additionalTags, "additional-tag", []string{}, "additional tags (supports docker-archive)")
 	flags.BoolVarP(&opts.quiet, "quiet", "q", false, "Suppress output information when copying images")
 	flags.BoolVarP(&opts.all, "all", "a", false, "Copy all images if SOURCE-IMAGE is a list")
 	flags.Var(commonFlag.NewOptionalStringValue(&opts.multiArch), "multi-arch", `How to handle multi-architecture images (system, all, or index-only)`)
-	flags.BoolVar(&opts.preserveDigests, "preserve-digests", false, "Preserve digests of images and lists")
-	flags.BoolVar(&opts.removeSignatures, "remove-signatures", false, "Do not copy signatures from SOURCE-IMAGE")
-	flags.StringVar(&opts.signByFingerprint, "sign-by", "", "Sign the image using a GPG key with the specified `FINGERPRINT`")
-	flags.StringVar(&opts.signBySigstoreParamFile, "sign-by-sigstore", "", "Sign the image using a sigstore parameter file at `PATH`")
-	flags.StringVar(&opts.signBySigstorePrivateKey, "sign-by-sigstore-private-key", "", "Sign the image using a sigstore private key at `PATH`")
-	flags.StringVar(&opts.signPassphraseFile, "sign-passphrase-file", "", "Read a passphrase for signing an image from `PATH`")
 	flags.StringVar(&opts.signIdentity, "sign-identity", "", "Identity of signed image, must be a fully specified docker reference. Defaults to the target docker reference.")
 	flags.StringVar(&opts.digestFile, "digestfile", "", "Write the digest of the pushed image to the specified file")
-	flags.VarP(commonFlag.NewOptionalStringValue(&opts.format), "format", "f", `MANIFEST TYPE (oci, v2s1, or v2s2) to use in the destination (default is manifest type of source, with fallbacks)`)
 	flags.StringSliceVar(&opts.encryptionKeys, "encryption-key", []string{}, "*Experimental* key with the encryption protocol to use needed to encrypt the image (e.g. jwe:/path/to/key.pem)")
 	flags.IntSliceVar(&opts.encryptLayer, "encrypt-layer", []int{}, "*Experimental* the 0-indexed layer indices, with support for negative indexing (e.g. 0 is the first layer, -1 is the last layer)")
 	flags.StringSliceVar(&opts.decryptionKeys, "decryption-key", []string{}, "*Experimental* key needed to decrypt the image")
@@ -160,14 +147,6 @@ func (opts *copyOptions) run(args []string, stdout io.Writer) (retErr error) {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	var manifestType string
-	if opts.format.Present() {
-		manifestType, err = parseManifestFormat(opts.format.Value())
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
 	for _, image := range opts.additionalTags {
 		ref, err := reference.ParseNormalizedNamed(image)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -237,43 +216,6 @@ func (opts *copyOptions) run(args []string, stdout io.Writer) (retErr error) {
 		decConfig = cc.DecryptConfig
 	}
 
-	// c/image/copy.Image does allow creating both simple signing and sigstore signatures simultaneously,
-	// with independent passphrases, but that would make the CLI probably too confusing.
-	// For now, use the passphrase with either, but only one of them.
-	if opts.signPassphraseFile != "" && opts.signByFingerprint != "" && opts.signBySigstorePrivateKey != "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("Only one of --sign-by and sign-by-sigstore-private-key can be used with sign-passphrase-file")
-	}
-	var passphrase string
-	if opts.signPassphraseFile != "" {
-		p, err := cli.ReadPassphraseFile(opts.signPassphraseFile)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		passphrase = p
-	} else if opts.signBySigstorePrivateKey != "" {
-		p, err := promptForPassphrase(opts.signBySigstorePrivateKey, os.Stdin, os.Stdout)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		passphrase = p
-	} // opts.signByFingerprint triggers a GPG-agent passphrase prompt, possibly using a more secure channel, so we usually shouldn’t prompt ourselves if no passphrase was explicitly provided.
-
-	var signers []*signer.Signer
-	if opts.signBySigstoreParamFile != "" {
-		signer, err := sigstore.NewSignerFromParameterFile(opts.signBySigstoreParamFile, &sigstore.Options{
-			PrivateKeyPassphrasePrompt: func(keyFile string) (string, error) {
-				return promptForPassphrase(keyFile, os.Stdin, os.Stdout)
-			},
-			Stdin:  os.Stdin,
-			Stdout: stdout,
-		})
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("Error using --sign-by-sigstore: %w", err)
-		}
-		defer signer.Close()
-		signers = append(signers, signer)
-	}
-
 	var signIdentity reference.Named = nil
 	if opts.signIdentity != "" {
 		signIdentity, err = reference.ParseNamed(opts.signIdentity)
@@ -284,26 +226,22 @@ func (opts *copyOptions) run(args []string, stdout io.Writer) (retErr error) {
 
 	opts.destImage.warnAboutIneffectiveOptions(destRef.Transport())
 
+	copyOpts, cleanupOptions, err := opts.copy.copyOptions(stdout)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer cleanupOptions()
+	copyOpts.SignIdentity = signIdentity
+	copyOpts.SourceCtx = sourceCtx
+	copyOpts.DestinationCtx = destinationCtx
+	copyOpts.ImageListSelection = imageListSelection
+	copyOpts.OciDecryptConfig = decConfig
+	copyOpts.OciEncryptLayers = encLayers
+	copyOpts.OciEncryptConfig = encConfig
+	copyOpts.MaxParallelDownloads = opts.imageParallelCopies
+
 	return retry.IfNecessary(ctx, func() error {
-		manifestBytes, err := copy.Image(ctx, policyContext, destRef, srcRef, &copy.Options{
-			RemoveSignatures:                 opts.removeSignatures,
-			Signers:                          signers,
-			SignBy:                           opts.signByFingerprint,
-			SignPassphrase:                   passphrase,
-			SignBySigstorePrivateKeyFile:     opts.signBySigstorePrivateKey,
-			SignSigstorePrivateKeyPassphrase: []byte(passphrase),
-			SignIdentity:                     signIdentity,
-			ReportWriter:                     stdout,
-			SourceCtx:                        sourceCtx,
-			DestinationCtx:                   destinationCtx,
-			ForceManifestMIMEType:            manifestType,
-			ImageListSelection:               imageListSelection,
-			PreserveDigests:                  opts.preserveDigests,
-			OciDecryptConfig:                 decConfig,
-			OciEncryptLayers:                 encLayers,
-			OciEncryptConfig:                 encConfig,
-			MaxParallelDownloads:             opts.imageParallelCopies,
-		})
+		manifestBytes, err := copy.Image(ctx, policyContext, destRef, srcRef, copyOpts)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}

cmd/skopeo/copy_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+package main
+
+import "testing"
+
+func TestCopy(t *testing.T) {
+	// Invalid command-line arguments
+	for _, args := range [][]string{
+		{},
+		{"a1"},
+		{"a1", "a2", "a3"},
+	} {
+		out, err := runSkopeo(append([]string{"--insecure-policy", "copy"}, args...)...)
+		assertTestFailed(t, out, err, "Exactly two arguments expected")
+	}
+
+	// FIXME: Much more test coverage
+	// Actual feature tests exist in integration and systemtest
+}

cmd/skopeo/delete.go

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ See skopeo(1) section "IMAGE NAMES" for the expected format
 `, strings.Join(transports.ListNames(), ", ")),
 		RunE:              commandAction(opts.run),
 		Example:           `skopeo delete docker://registry.example.com/example/pause:latest`,
-		ValidArgsFunction: autocompleteSupportedTransports,
+		ValidArgsFunction: autocompleteImageNames,
 	}
 	adjustUsage(cmd)
 	flags := cmd.Flags()

cmd/skopeo/inspect.go

@@ -53,17 +53,17 @@ See skopeo(1) section "IMAGE NAMES" for the expected format
 		Example: `skopeo inspect docker://registry.fedoraproject.org/fedora
 skopeo inspect --config docker://docker.io/alpine
 skopeo inspect --format "Name: {{.Name}} Digest: {{.Digest}}" docker://registry.access.redhat.com/ubi8`,
-		ValidArgsFunction: autocompleteSupportedTransports,
+		ValidArgsFunction: autocompleteImageNames,
 	}
 	adjustUsage(cmd)
 	flags := cmd.Flags()
+	flags.AddFlagSet(&sharedFlags)
+	flags.AddFlagSet(&imageFlags)
+	flags.AddFlagSet(&retryFlags)
 	flags.BoolVar(&opts.raw, "raw", false, "output raw manifest or configuration")
 	flags.BoolVar(&opts.config, "config", false, "output configuration")
 	flags.StringVarP(&opts.format, "format", "f", "", "Format the output to a Go template")
 	flags.BoolVarP(&opts.doNotListTags, "no-tags", "n", false, "Do not list the available tags from the repository in the output")
-	flags.AddFlagSet(&sharedFlags)
-	flags.AddFlagSet(&imageFlags)
-	flags.AddFlagSet(&retryFlags)
 	return cmd
 }
 
@@ -106,8 +106,9 @@ func (opts *inspectOptions) run(args []string, stdout io.Writer) (retErr error)
 		}
 	}()
 
+	unparsedInstance := image.UnparsedInstance(src, nil)
 	if err := retry.IfNecessary(ctx, func() error {
-		rawManifest, _, err = src.GetManifest(ctx, nil)
+		rawManifest, _, err = unparsedInstance.Manifest(ctx)
 		return err
 	}, opts.retryOpts); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("Error retrieving manifest for image: %w", err)
@@ -122,7 +123,7 @@ func (opts *inspectOptions) run(args []string, stdout io.Writer) (retErr error)
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	img, err := image.FromUnparsedImage(ctx, sys, image.UnparsedInstance(src, nil))
+	img, err := image.FromUnparsedImage(ctx, sys, unparsedInstance)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("Error parsing manifest for image: %w", err)
 	}

cmd/skopeo/layers.go

@@ -151,12 +151,22 @@ func (opts *layersOptions) run(args []string, stdout io.Writer) (retErr error) {
 		}, opts.retryOpts); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		if _, err := dest.PutBlob(ctx, r, types.BlobInfo{Digest: bd.digest, Size: blobSize}, cache, bd.isConfig); err != nil {
-			if closeErr := r.Close(); closeErr != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("%w (close error: %v)", err, closeErr)
+		defer func() {
+			if err := r.Close(); err != nil {
+				retErr = noteCloseFailure(retErr, fmt.Sprintf("closing blob %q", bd.digest.String()), err)
 			}
+		}()
+		verifier := bd.digest.Verifier()
+		tr := io.TeeReader(r, verifier)
+		if _, err := dest.PutBlob(ctx, tr, types.BlobInfo{Digest: bd.digest, Size: blobSize}, cache, bd.isConfig); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
+		if _, err := io.Copy(io.Discard, tr); err != nil { // Ensure we process all of tr, so that we can validate the digest.
+			return err
+		}
+		if !verifier.Verified() {
+			return fmt.Errorf("corrupt blob %q", bd.digest.String())
+		}
 	}
 
 	var manifest []byte

cmd/skopeo/list_tags.go

@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
-	"sort"
+	"maps"
+	"slices"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/containers/common/pkg/retry"
@@ -16,7 +17,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/transports/alltransports"
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/types"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-	"golang.org/x/exp/maps"
 )
 
 // tagListOutput is the output format of (skopeo list-tags), primarily so that we can format it with a simple json.MarshalIndent.
@@ -38,8 +38,7 @@ var transportHandlers = map[string]func(ctx context.Context, sys *types.SystemCo
 
 // supportedTransports returns all the supported transports
 func supportedTransports(joinStr string) string {
-	res := maps.Keys(transportHandlers)
-	sort.Strings(res)
+	res := slices.Sorted(maps.Keys(transportHandlers))
 	return strings.Join(res, joinStr)
 }
 

cmd/skopeo/list_tags_test.go

@@ -54,3 +54,17 @@ func TestDockerRepositoryReferenceParserDrift(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+func TestListTags(t *testing.T) {
+	// Invalid command-line arguments
+	for _, args := range [][]string{
+		{},
+		{"a1", "a2"},
+	} {
+		out, err := runSkopeo(append([]string{"list-tags"}, args...)...)
+		assertTestFailed(t, out, err, "Exactly one non-option argument expected")
+	}
+
+	// FIXME: Much more test coverage
+	// Actual feature tests exist in systemtest
+}

cmd/skopeo/login.go

@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ func loginCmd(global *globalOptions) *cobra.Command {
 	}
 	adjustUsage(cmd)
 	flags := cmd.Flags()
-	commonFlag.OptionalBoolFlag(flags, &opts.tlsVerify, "tls-verify", "require HTTPS and verify certificates when accessing the registry")
 	flags.AddFlagSet(auth.GetLoginFlags(&opts.loginOpts))
+	commonFlag.OptionalBoolFlag(flags, &opts.tlsVerify, "tls-verify", "require HTTPS and verify certificates when accessing the registry")
 	return cmd
 }
 

cmd/skopeo/logout.go

@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ func logoutCmd(global *globalOptions) *cobra.Command {
 	}
 	adjustUsage(cmd)
 	flags := cmd.Flags()
-	commonFlag.OptionalBoolFlag(flags, &opts.tlsVerify, "tls-verify", "require HTTPS and verify certificates when accessing the registry")
 	flags.AddFlagSet(auth.GetLogoutFlags(&opts.logoutOpts))
+	commonFlag.OptionalBoolFlag(flags, &opts.tlsVerify, "tls-verify", "require HTTPS and verify certificates when accessing the registry")
 	return cmd
 }
 

cmd/skopeo/proxy.go

@@ -1,62 +1,11 @@
 //go:build !windows
-// +build !windows
 
 package main
 
 /*
-  This code is currently only intended to be used by ostree
-  to fetch content via containers.  The API is subject
-  to change.  A goal however is to stabilize the API
-  eventually as a full out-of-process interface to the
-  core containers/image library functionality.
-
-  To use this command, in a parent process create a
-  `socketpair()` of type `SOCK_SEQPACKET`.  Fork
-  off this command, and pass one half of the socket
-  pair to the child.  Providing it on stdin (fd 0)
-  is the expected default.
-
-  The protocol is JSON for the control layer,
-  and  a read side of a `pipe()` passed for large data.
-
- Base JSON protocol:
-
- request: { method: "MethodName": args: [arguments] }
- reply: { success: bool, value: JSVAL, pipeid: number, error: string }
-
- For any non-metadata i.e. payload data from `GetManifest`
- and `GetBlob` the server will pass back the read half of a `pipe(2)` via FD passing,
- along with a `pipeid` integer.
-
- The expected flow looks like this:
-
-  - Initialize
-    And validate the returned protocol version versus
-	what your client supports.
-  - OpenImage docker://quay.io/someorg/example:latest
-    (returns an imageid)
-  - GetManifest imageid (and associated <pipeid>)
-  (Streaming read data from pipe)
-  - FinishPipe <pipeid>
-  - GetBlob imageid sha256:...
-  (Streaming read data from pipe)
-  - FinishPipe <pipeid>
-  - GetBlob imageid sha256:...
-  (Streaming read data from pipe)
-  - FinishPipe <pipeid>
-  - CloseImage imageid
-
- You may interleave invocations of these methods, e.g. one
- can also invoke `OpenImage` multiple times, as well as
- starting multiple GetBlob requests before calling `FinishPipe`
- on them.  The server will stream data into the pipefd
- until `FinishPipe` is invoked.
-
- Note that the pipe will not be closed by the server until
- the client has invoked `FinishPipe`.  This is to ensure
- that the client checks for errors.  For example, `GetBlob`
- performs digest (e.g. sha256) verification and this must
- be checked after all data has been written.
+ This command is still experimental. Documentation
+ is available in
+ docs-experimental/skopeo-experimental-image-proxy.1.md
 */
 
 import (
@@ -71,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 	"sync"
 	"syscall"
 
+	"github.com/containers/common/pkg/retry"
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/image"
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/manifest"
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/pkg/blobinfocache"
@@ -87,13 +37,8 @@ import (
 // The first version of the protocol has major version 0.2 to signify a
 // departure from the original code which used HTTP.
 //
-// 0.2.1: Initial version
-// 0.2.2: Added support for fetching image configuration as OCI
-// 0.2.3: Added GetFullConfig
-// 0.2.4: Added OpenImageOptional
-// 0.2.5: Added LayerInfoJSON
-// 0.2.6: Policy Verification before pulling OCI
-const protocolVersion = "0.2.6"
+// When bumping this, please also update the man page.
+const protocolVersion = "0.2.8"
 
 // maxMsgSize is the current limit on a packet size.
 // Note that all non-metadata (i.e. payload data) is sent over a pipe.
@@ -116,6 +61,23 @@ type request struct {
 	Args []any `json:"args"`
 }
 
+type proxyErrorCode string
+
+const (
+	// proxyErrPipe means we got EPIPE writing to a pipe owned by the client
+	proxyErrPipe proxyErrorCode = "EPIPE"
+	// proxyErrRetryable can be used by clients to automatically retry operations
+	proxyErrRetryable proxyErrorCode = "retryable"
+	// All other errors
+	proxyErrOther proxyErrorCode = "other"
+)
+
+// proxyError is serialized over the errfd channel for GetRawBlob
+type proxyError struct {
+	Code    proxyErrorCode `json:"code"`
+	Message string         `json:"message"`
+}
+
 // reply is serialized to JSON as the return value from a function call.
 type reply struct {
 	// Success is true if and only if the call succeeded.
@@ -124,6 +86,8 @@ type reply struct {
 	Value any `json:"value"`
 	// PipeID is an index into open pipes, and should be passed to FinishPipe
 	PipeID uint32 `json:"pipeid"`
+	// ErrorCode will be non-empty if error is set (new in 0.2.8)
+	ErrorCode proxyErrorCode `json:"error_code"`
 	// Error should be non-empty if Success == false
 	Error string `json:"error"`
 }
@@ -132,8 +96,11 @@ type reply struct {
 type replyBuf struct {
 	// value will be converted to a reply Value
 	value any
-	// fd is the read half of a pipe, passed back to the client
+	// fd is the read half of a pipe, passed back to the client for additional data
 	fd *os.File
+	// errfd will be a serialization of error state. This is optional and is currently
+	// only used by GetRawBlob.
+	errfd *os.File
 	// pipeid will be provided to the client as PipeID, an index into our open pipes
 	pipeid uint32
 }
@@ -182,6 +149,30 @@ type convertedLayerInfo struct {
 	MediaType string        `json:"media_type"`
 }
 
+// mapProxyErrorCode turns an error into a known string value.
+func mapProxyErrorCode(err error) proxyErrorCode {
+	switch {
+	case err == nil:
+		return ""
+	case errors.Is(err, syscall.EPIPE):
+		return proxyErrPipe
+	case retry.IsErrorRetryable(err):
+		return proxyErrRetryable
+	default:
+		return proxyErrOther
+	}
+}
+
+// newProxyError creates a serializable structure for
+// the client containing a mapped error code based
+// on the error type, plus its value as a string.
+func newProxyError(err error) proxyError {
+	return proxyError{
+		Code:    mapProxyErrorCode(err),
+		Message: fmt.Sprintf("%v", err),
+	}
+}
+
 // Initialize performs one-time initialization, and returns the protocol version
 func (h *proxyHandler) Initialize(args []any) (replyBuf, error) {
 	h.lock.Lock()
@@ -277,7 +268,7 @@ func (h *proxyHandler) openImageImpl(args []any, allowNotFound bool) (retReplyBu
 	return ret, nil
 }
 
-// OpenImage accepts a string image reference i.e. TRANSPORT:REF - like `skopeo copy`.
+// OpenImageOptional accepts a string image reference i.e. TRANSPORT:REF - like `skopeo copy`.
 // The return value is an opaque integer handle.  If the image does not exist, zero
 // is returned.
 func (h *proxyHandler) OpenImageOptional(args []any) (replyBuf, error) {
@@ -617,11 +608,97 @@ func (h *proxyHandler) GetBlob(args []any) (replyBuf, error) {
 	return ret, nil
 }
 
+// GetRawBlob can be viewed as a more general purpose successor
+// to GetBlob. First, it does not verify the digest, which in
+// some cases is unnecessary as the client would prefer to do it.
+//
+// It also does not use the "FinishPipe" API call, but instead
+// returns *two* file descriptors, one for errors and one for data.
+//
+// On (initial) success, the return value provided to the client is the size of the blob.
+func (h *proxyHandler) GetRawBlob(args []any) (replyBuf, error) {
+	h.lock.Lock()
+	defer h.lock.Unlock()
+
+	var ret replyBuf
+
+	if h.sysctx == nil {
+		return ret, fmt.Errorf("client error: must invoke Initialize")
+	}
+	if len(args) != 2 {
+		return ret, fmt.Errorf("found %d args, expecting (imgid, digest)", len(args))
+	}
+	imgref, err := h.parseImageFromID(args[0])
+	if err != nil {
+		return ret, err
+	}
+	digestStr, ok := args[1].(string)
+	if !ok {
+		return ret, fmt.Errorf("expecting string blobid")
+	}
+
+	ctx := context.TODO()
+	d, err := digest.Parse(digestStr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return ret, err
+	}
+	blobr, blobSize, err := imgref.src.GetBlob(ctx, types.BlobInfo{Digest: d, Size: int64(-1)}, h.cache)
+	if err != nil {
+		return ret, err
+	}
+
+	// Note this doesn't call allocPipe; we're not using the FinishPipe infrastructure.
+	piper, pipew, err := os.Pipe()
+	if err != nil {
+		blobr.Close()
+		return ret, err
+	}
+	errpipeR, errpipeW, err := os.Pipe()
+	if err != nil {
+		piper.Close()
+		pipew.Close()
+		blobr.Close()
+		return ret, err
+	}
+	// Asynchronous worker doing a copy
+	go func() {
+		// We own the read from registry, and write pipe objects
+		defer blobr.Close()
+		defer pipew.Close()
+		defer errpipeW.Close()
+		logrus.Debugf("Copying blob to client: %d bytes", blobSize)
+		_, err := io.Copy(pipew, blobr)
+		// Handle errors here by serializing a JSON error back over
+		// the error channel. In either case, both file descriptors
+		// will be closed, signaling the completion of the operation.
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Debugf("Sending error to client: %v", err)
+			serializedErr := newProxyError(err)
+			buf, err := json.Marshal(serializedErr)
+			if err != nil {
+				// Should never happen
+				panic(err)
+			}
+			_, writeErr := errpipeW.Write(buf)
+			if writeErr != nil && !errors.Is(err, syscall.EPIPE) {
+				logrus.Debugf("Writing to client: %v", err)
+			}
+		}
+		logrus.Debugf("Completed GetRawBlob operation")
+	}()
+
+	ret.value = blobSize
+	ret.fd = piper
+	ret.errfd = errpipeR
+	return ret, nil
+}
+
 // GetLayerInfo returns data about the layers of an image, useful for reading the layer contents.
 //
-// This needs to be called since the data returned by GetManifest() does not allow to correctly
-// calling GetBlob() for the containers-storage: transport (which doesn’t store the original compressed
-// representations referenced in the manifest).
+// This is the same as GetLayerInfoPiped, but returns its contents inline. This is subject to
+// failure for large images (because we use SOCK_SEQPACKET which has a maximum buffer size)
+// and is hence only retained for backwards compatibility. Callers are expected to use
+// the semver to know whether they can call the new API.
 func (h *proxyHandler) GetLayerInfo(args []any) (replyBuf, error) {
 	h.lock.Lock()
 	defer h.lock.Unlock()
@@ -667,6 +744,59 @@ func (h *proxyHandler) GetLayerInfo(args []any) (replyBuf, error) {
 	return ret, nil
 }
 
+// GetLayerInfoPiped returns data about the layers of an image, useful for reading the layer contents.
+//
+// This needs to be called since the data returned by GetManifest() does not allow to correctly
+// calling GetBlob() for the containers-storage: transport (which doesn’t store the original compressed
+// representations referenced in the manifest).
+func (h *proxyHandler) GetLayerInfoPiped(args []any) (replyBuf, error) {
+	h.lock.Lock()
+	defer h.lock.Unlock()
+
+	var ret replyBuf
+
+	if h.sysctx == nil {
+		return ret, fmt.Errorf("client error: must invoke Initialize")
+	}
+
+	if len(args) != 1 {
+		return ret, fmt.Errorf("found %d args, expecting (imgid)", len(args))
+	}
+
+	imgref, err := h.parseImageFromID(args[0])
+	if err != nil {
+		return ret, err
+	}
+
+	ctx := context.TODO()
+
+	err = h.cacheTargetManifest(imgref)
+	if err != nil {
+		return ret, err
+	}
+	img := imgref.cachedimg
+
+	layerInfos, err := img.LayerInfosForCopy(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return ret, err
+	}
+
+	if layerInfos == nil {
+		layerInfos = img.LayerInfos()
+	}
+
+	layers := make([]convertedLayerInfo, 0, len(layerInfos))
+	for _, layer := range layerInfos {
+		layers = append(layers, convertedLayerInfo{layer.Digest, layer.Size, layer.MediaType})
+	}
+
+	serialized, err := json.Marshal(&layers)
+	if err != nil {
+		return ret, err
+	}
+	return h.returnBytes(nil, serialized)
+}
+
 // FinishPipe waits for the worker goroutine to finish, and closes the write side of the pipe.
 func (h *proxyHandler) FinishPipe(args []any) (replyBuf, error) {
 	h.lock.Lock()
@@ -687,6 +817,7 @@ func (h *proxyHandler) FinishPipe(args []any) (replyBuf, error) {
 
 	// Wait for the goroutine to complete
 	f.wg.Wait()
+	logrus.Debug("Completed pipe goroutine")
 	// And only now do we close the write half; this forces the client to call this API
 	f.w.Close()
 	// Propagate any errors from the goroutine worker
@@ -708,29 +839,37 @@ func (h *proxyHandler) close() {
 
 // send writes a reply buffer to the socket
 func (buf replyBuf) send(conn *net.UnixConn, err error) error {
+	logrus.Debugf("Sending reply: err=%v value=%v pipeid=%v datafd=%v errfd=%v", err, buf.value, buf.pipeid, buf.fd, buf.errfd)
+	// We took ownership of these FDs, so close when we're done sending them or on error
+	defer func() {
+		if buf.fd != nil {
+			buf.fd.Close()
+		}
+		if buf.errfd != nil {
+			buf.errfd.Close()
+		}
+	}()
 	replyToSerialize := reply{
 		Success: err == nil,
 		Value:   buf.value,
 		PipeID:  buf.pipeid,
 	}
 	if err != nil {
+		replyToSerialize.ErrorCode = mapProxyErrorCode(err)
 		replyToSerialize.Error = err.Error()
 	}
 	serializedReply, err := json.Marshal(&replyToSerialize)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	// We took ownership of the FD - close it when we're done.
-	defer func() {
-		if buf.fd != nil {
-			buf.fd.Close()
-		}
-	}()
-	// Copy the FD number to the socket ancillary buffer
+	// Copy the FD number(s) to the socket ancillary buffer
 	fds := make([]int, 0)
 	if buf.fd != nil {
 		fds = append(fds, int(buf.fd.Fd()))
 	}
+	if buf.errfd != nil {
+		fds = append(fds, int(buf.errfd.Fd()))
+	}
 	oob := syscall.UnixRights(fds...)
 	n, oobn, err := conn.WriteMsgUnix(serializedReply, oob, nil)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -782,6 +921,8 @@ func (h *proxyHandler) processRequest(readBytes []byte) (rb replyBuf, terminate
 		err = fmt.Errorf("invalid request: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
+	logrus.Debugf("Executing method %s", req.Method)
+
 	// Dispatch on the method
 	switch req.Method {
 	case "Initialize":
@@ -800,8 +941,12 @@ func (h *proxyHandler) processRequest(readBytes []byte) (rb replyBuf, terminate
 		rb, err = h.GetFullConfig(req.Args)
 	case "GetBlob":
 		rb, err = h.GetBlob(req.Args)
+	case "GetRawBlob":
+		rb, err = h.GetRawBlob(req.Args)
 	case "GetLayerInfo":
 		rb, err = h.GetLayerInfo(req.Args)
+	case "GetLayerInfoPiped":
+		rb, err = h.GetLayerInfoPiped(req.Args)
 	case "FinishPipe":
 		rb, err = h.FinishPipe(req.Args)
 	case "Shutdown":
@@ -845,6 +990,7 @@ func (opts *proxyOptions) run(args []string, stdout io.Writer) error {
 
 		rb, terminate, err := handler.processRequest(readbuf)
 		if terminate {
+			logrus.Debug("terminating")
 			return nil
 		}
 

cmd/skopeo/proxy_windows.go

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 //go:build windows
-// +build windows
 
 package main
 

cmd/skopeo/signing_test.go

@@ -16,9 +16,9 @@ const (
 	// fixturesTestImageManifestDigest is the Docker manifest digest of "image.manifest.json"
 	fixturesTestImageManifestDigest = digest.Digest("sha256:20bf21ed457b390829cdbeec8795a7bea1626991fda603e0d01b4e7f60427e55")
 	// fixturesTestKeyFingerprint is the fingerprint of the private key.
-	fixturesTestKeyFingerprint = "1D8230F6CDB6A06716E414C1DB72F2188BB46CC8"
+	fixturesTestKeyFingerprint = "08CD26E446E2E95249B7A405E932F44B23E8DD43"
 	// fixturesTestKeyFingerprint is the key ID of the private key.
-	fixturesTestKeyShortID = "DB72F2188BB46CC8"
+	fixturesTestKeyShortID = "E932F44B23E8DD43"
 )
 
 // Test that results of runSkopeo failed with nothing on stdout, and substring

cmd/skopeo/sync.go

@@ -14,15 +14,12 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3"
-	commonFlag "github.com/containers/common/pkg/flag"
 	"github.com/containers/common/pkg/retry"
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/copy"
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/directory"
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/docker"
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/docker/reference"
-	"github.com/containers/image/v5/pkg/cli"
-	"github.com/containers/image/v5/pkg/cli/sigstore"
-	"github.com/containers/image/v5/signature/signer"
+	"github.com/containers/image/v5/manifest"
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/transports"
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/types"
 	"github.com/opencontainers/go-digest"
@@ -33,25 +30,20 @@ import (
 
 // syncOptions contains information retrieved from the skopeo sync command line.
 type syncOptions struct {
-	global                   *globalOptions // Global (not command dependent) skopeo options
-	deprecatedTLSVerify      *deprecatedTLSVerifyOption
-	srcImage                 *imageOptions     // Source image options
-	destImage                *imageDestOptions // Destination image options
-	retryOpts                *retry.Options
-	removeSignatures         bool                      // Do not copy signatures from the source image
-	signByFingerprint        string                    // Sign the image using a GPG key with the specified fingerprint
-	signBySigstoreParamFile  string                    // Sign the image using a sigstore signature per configuration in a param file
-	signBySigstorePrivateKey string                    // Sign the image using a sigstore private key
-	signPassphraseFile       string                    // Path pointing to a passphrase file when signing
-	format                   commonFlag.OptionalString // Force conversion of the image to a specified format
-	source                   string                    // Source repository name
-	destination              string                    // Destination registry name
-	scoped                   bool                      // When true, namespace copied images at destination using the source repository name
-	all                      bool                      // Copy all of the images if an image in the source is a list
-	dryRun                   bool                      // Don't actually copy anything, just output what it would have done
-	preserveDigests          bool                      // Preserve digests during sync
-	keepGoing                bool                      // Whether or not to abort the sync if there are any errors during syncing the images
-	appendSuffix             string                    // Suffix to append to destination image tag
+	global              *globalOptions // Global (not command dependent) skopeo options
+	deprecatedTLSVerify *deprecatedTLSVerifyOption
+	srcImage            *imageOptions     // Source image options
+	destImage           *imageDestOptions // Destination image options
+	retryOpts           *retry.Options
+	copy                *sharedCopyOptions
+	source              string // Source repository name
+	destination         string // Destination registry name
+	digestFile          string // Write digest to this file
+	scoped              bool   // When true, namespace copied images at destination using the source repository name
+	all                 bool   // Copy all of the images if an image in the source is a list
+	dryRun              bool   // Don't actually copy anything, just output what it would have done
+	keepGoing           bool   // Whether or not to abort the sync if there are any errors during syncing the images
+	appendSuffix        string // Suffix to append to destination image tag
 }
 
 // repoDescriptor contains information of a single repository used as a sync source.
@@ -87,6 +79,7 @@ func syncCmd(global *globalOptions) *cobra.Command {
 	srcFlags, srcOpts := dockerImageFlags(global, sharedOpts, deprecatedTLSVerifyOpt, "src-", "screds")
 	destFlags, destOpts := dockerImageFlags(global, sharedOpts, deprecatedTLSVerifyOpt, "dest-", "dcreds")
 	retryFlags, retryOpts := retryFlags()
+	copyFlags, copyOpts := sharedCopyFlags()
 
 	opts := syncOptions{
 		global:              global,
@@ -94,6 +87,7 @@ func syncCmd(global *globalOptions) *cobra.Command {
 		srcImage:            srcOpts,
 		destImage:           &imageDestOptions{imageOptions: destOpts},
 		retryOpts:           retryOpts,
+		copy:                copyOpts,
 	}
 
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
@@ -111,25 +105,20 @@ See skopeo-sync(1) for details.
 	}
 	adjustUsage(cmd)
 	flags := cmd.Flags()
-	flags.BoolVar(&opts.removeSignatures, "remove-signatures", false, "Do not copy signatures from SOURCE images")
-	flags.StringVar(&opts.signByFingerprint, "sign-by", "", "Sign the image using a GPG key with the specified `FINGERPRINT`")
-	flags.StringVar(&opts.signBySigstoreParamFile, "sign-by-sigstore", "", "Sign the image using a sigstore parameter file at `PATH`")
-	flags.StringVar(&opts.signBySigstorePrivateKey, "sign-by-sigstore-private-key", "", "Sign the image using a sigstore private key at `PATH`")
-	flags.StringVar(&opts.signPassphraseFile, "sign-passphrase-file", "", "File that contains a passphrase for the --sign-by key")
-	flags.VarP(commonFlag.NewOptionalStringValue(&opts.format), "format", "f", `MANIFEST TYPE (oci, v2s1, or v2s2) to use when syncing image(s) to a destination (default is manifest type of source, with fallbacks)`)
-	flags.StringVarP(&opts.source, "src", "s", "", "SOURCE transport type")
-	flags.StringVarP(&opts.destination, "dest", "d", "", "DESTINATION transport type")
-	flags.BoolVar(&opts.scoped, "scoped", false, "Images at DESTINATION are prefix using the full source image path as scope")
-	flags.StringVar(&opts.appendSuffix, "append-suffix", "", "String to append to DESTINATION tags")
-	flags.BoolVarP(&opts.all, "all", "a", false, "Copy all images if SOURCE-IMAGE is a list")
-	flags.BoolVar(&opts.dryRun, "dry-run", false, "Run without actually copying data")
-	flags.BoolVar(&opts.preserveDigests, "preserve-digests", false, "Preserve digests of images and lists")
-	flags.BoolVarP(&opts.keepGoing, "keep-going", "", false, "Do not abort the sync if any image copy fails")
 	flags.AddFlagSet(&sharedFlags)
 	flags.AddFlagSet(&deprecatedTLSVerifyFlags)
 	flags.AddFlagSet(&srcFlags)
 	flags.AddFlagSet(&destFlags)
 	flags.AddFlagSet(&retryFlags)
+	flags.AddFlagSet(&copyFlags)
+	flags.StringVarP(&opts.source, "src", "s", "", "SOURCE transport type")
+	flags.StringVarP(&opts.destination, "dest", "d", "", "DESTINATION transport type")
+	flags.BoolVar(&opts.scoped, "scoped", false, "Images at DESTINATION are prefix using the full source image path as scope")
+	flags.StringVar(&opts.appendSuffix, "append-suffix", "", "String to append to DESTINATION tags")
+	flags.StringVar(&opts.digestFile, "digestfile", "", "Write the digests and Image References of the resulting images to the specified file, separated by newlines")
+	flags.BoolVarP(&opts.all, "all", "a", false, "Copy all images if SOURCE-IMAGE is a list")
+	flags.BoolVar(&opts.dryRun, "dry-run", false, "Run without actually copying data")
+	flags.BoolVarP(&opts.keepGoing, "keep-going", "", false, "Do not abort the sync if any image copy fails")
 	return cmd
 }
 
@@ -640,14 +629,6 @@ func (opts *syncOptions) run(args []string, stdout io.Writer) (retErr error) {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	var manifestType string
-	if opts.format.Present() {
-		manifestType, err = parseManifestFormat(opts.format.Value())
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
 	ctx, cancel := opts.global.commandTimeoutContext()
 	defer cancel()
 
@@ -666,67 +647,39 @@ func (opts *syncOptions) run(args []string, stdout io.Writer) (retErr error) {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	// c/image/copy.Image does allow creating both simple signing and sigstore signatures simultaneously,
-	// with independent passphrases, but that would make the CLI probably too confusing.
-	// For now, use the passphrase with either, but only one of them.
-	if opts.signPassphraseFile != "" && opts.signByFingerprint != "" && opts.signBySigstorePrivateKey != "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("Only one of --sign-by and sign-by-sigstore-private-key can be used with sign-passphrase-file")
-	}
-	var passphrase string
-	if opts.signPassphraseFile != "" {
-		p, err := cli.ReadPassphraseFile(opts.signPassphraseFile)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		passphrase = p
-	} else if opts.signBySigstorePrivateKey != "" {
-		p, err := promptForPassphrase(opts.signBySigstorePrivateKey, os.Stdin, os.Stdout)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		passphrase = p
+	options, cleanupOptions, err := opts.copy.copyOptions(stdout)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
+	defer cleanupOptions()
+	options.DestinationCtx = destinationCtx
+	options.ImageListSelection = imageListSelection
+	options.OptimizeDestinationImageAlreadyExists = true
 
-	var signers []*signer.Signer
-	if opts.signBySigstoreParamFile != "" {
-		signer, err := sigstore.NewSignerFromParameterFile(opts.signBySigstoreParamFile, &sigstore.Options{
-			PrivateKeyPassphrasePrompt: func(keyFile string) (string, error) {
-				return promptForPassphrase(keyFile, os.Stdin, os.Stdout)
-			},
-			Stdin:  os.Stdin,
-			Stdout: stdout,
-		})
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("Error using --sign-by-sigstore: %w", err)
-		}
-		defer signer.Close()
-		signers = append(signers, signer)
-	}
-
-	options := copy.Options{
-		RemoveSignatures:                      opts.removeSignatures,
-		Signers:                               signers,
-		SignBy:                                opts.signByFingerprint,
-		SignPassphrase:                        passphrase,
-		SignBySigstorePrivateKeyFile:          opts.signBySigstorePrivateKey,
-		SignSigstorePrivateKeyPassphrase:      []byte(passphrase),
-		ReportWriter:                          stdout,
-		DestinationCtx:                        destinationCtx,
-		ImageListSelection:                    imageListSelection,
-		PreserveDigests:                       opts.preserveDigests,
-		OptimizeDestinationImageAlreadyExists: true,
-		ForceManifestMIMEType:                 manifestType,
-	}
 	errorsPresent := false
 	imagesNumber := 0
 	if opts.dryRun {
 		logrus.Warn("Running in dry-run mode")
 	}
 
+	var digestFile *os.File
+	if opts.digestFile != "" && !opts.dryRun {
+		digestFile, err = os.OpenFile(opts.digestFile, os.O_TRUNC|os.O_CREATE|os.O_WRONLY, 0644)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("Error creating digest file: %w", err)
+		}
+		defer func() {
+			if err := digestFile.Close(); err != nil {
+				retErr = noteCloseFailure(retErr, "closing digest file", err)
+			}
+		}()
+	}
+
 	for _, srcRepo := range srcRepoList {
 		options.SourceCtx = srcRepo.Context
 		for counter, ref := range srcRepo.ImageRefs {
 			var destSuffix string
+			var manifestBytes []byte
 			switch ref.Transport() {
 			case docker.Transport:
 				// docker -> dir or docker -> docker
@@ -758,7 +711,7 @@ func (opts *syncOptions) run(args []string, stdout io.Writer) (retErr error) {
 			} else {
 				logrus.WithFields(fromToFields).Infof("Copying image ref %d/%d", counter+1, len(srcRepo.ImageRefs))
 				if err = retry.IfNecessary(ctx, func() error {
-					_, err = copy.Image(ctx, policyContext, destRef, ref, &options)
+					manifestBytes, err = copy.Image(ctx, policyContext, destRef, ref, options)
 					return err
 				}, opts.retryOpts); err != nil {
 					if !opts.keepGoing {
@@ -770,7 +723,19 @@ func (opts *syncOptions) run(args []string, stdout io.Writer) (retErr error) {
 					logrus.WithError(err).Errorf("Error copying ref %q", transports.ImageName(ref))
 					continue
 				}
+				// Ensure that we log the manifest digest to a file only if the copy operation was successful
+				if opts.digestFile != "" {
+					manifestDigest, err := manifest.Digest(manifestBytes)
+					if err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
+					outputStr := fmt.Sprintf("%s %s", manifestDigest.String(), transports.ImageName(destRef))
+					if _, err = digestFile.WriteString(outputStr + "\n"); err != nil {
+						return fmt.Errorf("Failed to write digest to file %q: %w", opts.digestFile, err)
+					}
+				}
 			}
+
 			imagesNumber++
 		}
 	}

cmd/skopeo/sync_test.go

@@ -44,3 +44,18 @@ func TestTLSVerifyConfig(t *testing.T) {
 	err := yaml.Unmarshal([]byte(`tls-verify: "not a valid bool"`), &config)
 	assert.Error(t, err)
 }
+
+func TestSync(t *testing.T) {
+	// Invalid command-line arguments
+	for _, args := range [][]string{
+		{},
+		{"a1"},
+		{"a1", "a2", "a3"},
+	} {
+		out, err := runSkopeo(append([]string{"sync"}, args...)...)
+		assertTestFailed(t, out, err, "Exactly two arguments expected")
+	}
+
+	// FIXME: Much more test coverage
+	// Actual feature tests exist in integration and systemtest
+}

cmd/skopeo/unshare.go

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 //go:build !linux
-// +build !linux
 
 package main
 

cmd/skopeo/unshare_linux.go

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/transports/alltransports"
 	"github.com/containers/storage/pkg/unshare"
-	"github.com/syndtr/gocapability/capability"
+	"github.com/moby/sys/capability"
 )
 
 var neededCapabilities = []capability.Cap{
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ var neededCapabilities = []capability.Cap{
 	capability.CAP_FSETID,
 	capability.CAP_MKNOD,
 	capability.CAP_SETFCAP,
+	capability.CAP_SYS_ADMIN,
 }
 
 func maybeReexec() error {

cmd/skopeo/utils.go

@@ -7,13 +7,19 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"os"
 	"strings"
+	"time"
 
 	commonFlag "github.com/containers/common/pkg/flag"
 	"github.com/containers/common/pkg/retry"
+	"github.com/containers/image/v5/copy"
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/directory"
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/manifest"
+	ociarchive "github.com/containers/image/v5/oci/archive"
 	ocilayout "github.com/containers/image/v5/oci/layout"
+	"github.com/containers/image/v5/pkg/cli"
+	"github.com/containers/image/v5/pkg/cli/sigstore"
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/pkg/compression"
+	"github.com/containers/image/v5/signature/signer"
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/storage"
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/transports/alltransports"
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/types"
@@ -26,7 +32,7 @@ import (
 	"golang.org/x/term"
 )
 
-// errorShouldDisplayUsage is a subtype of error used by command handlers to indicate that cli.ShowSubcommandHelp should be called.
+// errorShouldDisplayUsage is a subtype of error used by command handlers to indicate that the command’s help should be included.
 type errorShouldDisplayUsage struct {
 	error
 }
@@ -62,7 +68,8 @@ func commandAction(handler func(args []string, stdout io.Writer) error) func(cmd
 		err := handler(args, c.OutOrStdout())
 		var shouldDisplayUsage errorShouldDisplayUsage
 		if errors.As(err, &shouldDisplayUsage) {
-			return c.Help()
+			c.SetOut(c.ErrOrStderr()) // This mutates c, but we are failing anyway.
+			_ = c.Help()              // Even if this failed, we prefer to report the original error
 		}
 		return err
 	}
@@ -107,7 +114,7 @@ type sharedImageOptions struct {
 func sharedImageFlags() (pflag.FlagSet, *sharedImageOptions) {
 	opts := sharedImageOptions{}
 	fs := pflag.FlagSet{}
-	fs.StringVar(&opts.authFilePath, "authfile", os.Getenv("REGISTRY_AUTH_FILE"), "path of the authentication file. Default is ${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}/containers/auth.json")
+	fs.StringVar(&opts.authFilePath, "authfile", os.Getenv("REGISTRY_AUTH_FILE"), "path of the registry credentials file. Default is ${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}/containers/auth.json")
 	return fs, &opts
 }
 
@@ -150,7 +157,7 @@ func dockerImageFlags(global *globalOptions, shared *sharedImageOptions, depreca
 	fs := pflag.FlagSet{}
 	if flagPrefix != "" {
 		// the non-prefixed flag is handled by a shared flag.
-		fs.Var(commonFlag.NewOptionalStringValue(&flags.authFilePath), flagPrefix+"authfile", "path of the authentication file. Default is ${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}/containers/auth.json")
+		fs.Var(commonFlag.NewOptionalStringValue(&flags.authFilePath), flagPrefix+"authfile", "path of the registry credentials file. Default is ${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}/containers/auth.json")
 	}
 	fs.Var(commonFlag.NewOptionalStringValue(&flags.credsOption), flagPrefix+"creds", "Use `USERNAME[:PASSWORD]` for accessing the registry")
 	fs.Var(commonFlag.NewOptionalStringValue(&flags.userName), flagPrefix+"username", "Username for accessing the registry")
@@ -173,9 +180,9 @@ func imageFlags(global *globalOptions, shared *sharedImageOptions, deprecatedTLS
 	dockerFlags, opts := dockerImageFlags(global, shared, deprecatedTLSVerify, flagPrefix, credsOptionAlias)
 
 	fs := pflag.FlagSet{}
+	fs.AddFlagSet(&dockerFlags)
 	fs.StringVar(&opts.sharedBlobDir, flagPrefix+"shared-blob-dir", "", "`DIRECTORY` to use to share blobs across OCI repositories")
 	fs.StringVar(&opts.dockerDaemonHost, flagPrefix+"daemon-host", "", "use docker daemon host at `HOST` (docker-daemon: only)")
-	fs.AddFlagSet(&dockerFlags)
 	return fs, opts
 }
 
@@ -183,6 +190,7 @@ func retryFlags() (pflag.FlagSet, *retry.Options) {
 	opts := retry.Options{}
 	fs := pflag.FlagSet{}
 	fs.IntVar(&opts.MaxRetry, "retry-times", 0, "the number of times to possibly retry")
+	fs.DurationVar(&opts.Delay, "retry-delay", 0*time.Second, "Fixed delay between retries. If not set, retry uses an exponential backoff delay.")
 	return fs, &opts
 }
 
@@ -197,8 +205,8 @@ func (opts *imageOptions) newSystemContext() (*types.SystemContext, error) {
 	ctx.AuthFilePath = opts.shared.authFilePath
 	ctx.DockerDaemonHost = opts.dockerDaemonHost
 	ctx.DockerDaemonCertPath = opts.dockerCertPath
-	if opts.dockerImageOptions.authFilePath.Present() {
-		ctx.AuthFilePath = opts.dockerImageOptions.authFilePath.Value()
+	if opts.authFilePath.Present() {
+		ctx.AuthFilePath = opts.authFilePath.Value()
 	}
 	if opts.deprecatedTLSVerify != nil && opts.deprecatedTLSVerify.tlsVerify.Present() {
 		// If both this deprecated option and a non-deprecated option is present, we use the latter value.
@@ -315,6 +323,110 @@ func (opts *imageDestOptions) warnAboutIneffectiveOptions(destTransport types.Im
 	}
 }
 
+// sharedCopyOptions collects CLI flags that affect copying images, currently shared between the copy and sync commands.
+type sharedCopyOptions struct {
+	removeSignatures         bool                      // Do not copy signatures from the source image
+	signByFingerprint        string                    // Sign the image using a GPG key with the specified fingerprint
+	signBySigstoreParamFile  string                    // Sign the image using a sigstore signature per configuration in a param file
+	signBySigstorePrivateKey string                    // Sign the image using a sigstore private key
+	signPassphraseFile       string                    // Path pointing to a passphrase file when signing
+	preserveDigests          bool                      // Preserve digests during copy
+	format                   commonFlag.OptionalString // Force conversion of the image to a specified format
+}
+
+// sharedCopyFlags prepares a collection of CLI flags writing into sharedCopyoptions.
+func sharedCopyFlags() (pflag.FlagSet, *sharedCopyOptions) {
+	opts := sharedCopyOptions{}
+	fs := pflag.FlagSet{}
+	fs.BoolVar(&opts.removeSignatures, "remove-signatures", false, "Do not copy signatures from source")
+	fs.StringVar(&opts.signByFingerprint, "sign-by", "", "Sign the image using a GPG key with the specified `FINGERPRINT`")
+	fs.StringVar(&opts.signBySigstoreParamFile, "sign-by-sigstore", "", "Sign the image using a sigstore parameter file at `PATH`")
+	fs.StringVar(&opts.signBySigstorePrivateKey, "sign-by-sigstore-private-key", "", "Sign the image using a sigstore private key at `PATH`")
+	fs.StringVar(&opts.signPassphraseFile, "sign-passphrase-file", "", "Read a passphrase for signing an image from `PATH`")
+	fs.VarP(commonFlag.NewOptionalStringValue(&opts.format), "format", "f", `MANIFEST TYPE (oci, v2s1, or v2s2) to use in the destination (default is manifest type of source, with fallbacks)`)
+	fs.BoolVar(&opts.preserveDigests, "preserve-digests", false, "Preserve digests of images and lists")
+	return fs, &opts
+}
+
+// copyOptions interprets opts, returns a partially-filled *copy.Options,
+// and a function that should be called to clean up.
+func (opts *sharedCopyOptions) copyOptions(stdout io.Writer) (*copy.Options, func(), error) {
+	var manifestType string
+	if opts.format.Present() {
+		mt, err := parseManifestFormat(opts.format.Value())
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, nil, err
+		}
+		manifestType = mt
+	}
+
+	// c/image/copy.Image does allow creating both simple signing and sigstore signatures simultaneously,
+	// with independent passphrases, but that would make the CLI probably too confusing.
+	// For now, use the passphrase with either, but only one of them.
+	if opts.signPassphraseFile != "" && opts.signByFingerprint != "" && opts.signBySigstorePrivateKey != "" {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("Only one of --sign-by and sign-by-sigstore-private-key can be used with sign-passphrase-file")
+	}
+	var passphrase string
+	if opts.signPassphraseFile != "" {
+		p, err := cli.ReadPassphraseFile(opts.signPassphraseFile)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, nil, err
+		}
+		passphrase = p
+	} else if opts.signBySigstorePrivateKey != "" {
+		p, err := promptForPassphrase(opts.signBySigstorePrivateKey, os.Stdin, os.Stdout)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, nil, err
+		}
+		passphrase = p
+	} // opts.signByFingerprint triggers a GPG-agent passphrase prompt, possibly using a more secure channel, so we usually shouldn’t prompt ourselves if no passphrase was explicitly provided.
+	var passphraseBytes []byte
+	if passphrase != "" {
+		passphraseBytes = []byte(passphrase)
+	}
+
+	var signers []*signer.Signer
+	closeSigners := func() {
+		for _, signer := range signers {
+			signer.Close()
+		}
+	}
+	succeeded := false
+	defer func() {
+		if !succeeded {
+			closeSigners()
+		}
+	}()
+	if opts.signBySigstoreParamFile != "" {
+		signer, err := sigstore.NewSignerFromParameterFile(opts.signBySigstoreParamFile, &sigstore.Options{
+			PrivateKeyPassphrasePrompt: func(keyFile string) (string, error) {
+				return promptForPassphrase(keyFile, os.Stdin, os.Stdout)
+			},
+			Stdin:  os.Stdin,
+			Stdout: stdout,
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("Error using --sign-by-sigstore: %w", err)
+		}
+		signers = append(signers, signer)
+	}
+
+	succeeded = true
+	return &copy.Options{
+		RemoveSignatures:                 opts.removeSignatures,
+		Signers:                          signers,
+		SignBy:                           opts.signByFingerprint,
+		SignPassphrase:                   passphrase,
+		SignBySigstorePrivateKeyFile:     opts.signBySigstorePrivateKey,
+		SignSigstorePrivateKeyPassphrase: passphraseBytes,
+
+		ReportWriter: stdout,
+
+		PreserveDigests:       opts.preserveDigests,
+		ForceManifestMIMEType: manifestType,
+	}, closeSigners, nil
+}
+
 func parseCreds(creds string) (string, string, error) {
 	if creds == "" {
 		return "", "", errors.New("credentials can't be empty")
@@ -416,9 +528,12 @@ func promptForPassphrase(privateKeyFile string, stdin, stdout *os.File) (string,
 // authentication error, an I/O error etc.)
 // TODO drive this into containers/image properly
 func isNotFoundImageError(err error) bool {
+	var layoutImageNotFoundError ocilayout.ImageNotFoundError
+	var archiveImageNotFoundError ociarchive.ImageNotFoundError
 	return isDockerManifestUnknownError(err) ||
 		errors.Is(err, storage.ErrNoSuchImage) ||
-		errors.Is(err, ocilayout.ImageNotFoundError{})
+		errors.As(err, &layoutImageNotFoundError) ||
+		errors.As(err, &archiveImageNotFoundError)
 }
 
 // isDockerManifestUnknownError is a copy of code from containers/image,

cmd/skopeo/utils_test.go

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 package main
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
 	"errors"
+	"os"
 	"testing"
 
+	"github.com/containers/image/v5/copy"
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/manifest"
 	"github.com/containers/image/v5/types"
 	imgspecv1 "github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/specs-go/v1"
@@ -350,6 +353,92 @@ func TestTLSVerifyFlags(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// fakeSharedCopyOptions creates sharedCopyOptions and sets it according to cmdFlags.
+func fakeSharedCopyOptions(t *testing.T, cmdFlags []string) *sharedCopyOptions {
+	_, cmd := fakeGlobalOptions(t, []string{})
+	sharedCopyFlags, sharedCopyOpts := sharedCopyFlags()
+	cmd.Flags().AddFlagSet(&sharedCopyFlags)
+	err := cmd.ParseFlags(cmdFlags)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	return sharedCopyOpts
+}
+
+func TestSharedCopyOptionsCopyOptions(t *testing.T) {
+	someStdout := bytes.Buffer{}
+
+	// Default state
+	opts := fakeSharedCopyOptions(t, []string{})
+	res, cleanup, err := opts.copyOptions(&someStdout)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer cleanup()
+	assert.Equal(t, &copy.Options{
+		ReportWriter: &someStdout,
+	}, res)
+
+	// Set most flags to non-default values
+	// This should also test --sign-by-sigstore and --sign-by-sigstore-private-key; we would have
+	// to create test keys for that.
+	opts = fakeSharedCopyOptions(t, []string{
+		"--remove-signatures",
+		"--sign-by", "gpgFingerprint",
+		"--format", "oci",
+		"--preserve-digests",
+	})
+	res, cleanup, err = opts.copyOptions(&someStdout)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer cleanup()
+	assert.Equal(t, &copy.Options{
+		RemoveSignatures:      true,
+		SignBy:                "gpgFingerprint",
+		ReportWriter:          &someStdout,
+		PreserveDigests:       true,
+		ForceManifestMIMEType: imgspecv1.MediaTypeImageManifest,
+	}, res)
+
+	// --sign-passphrase-file + --sign-by work
+	passphraseFile, err := os.CreateTemp("", "passphrase") // Eventually we could refer to a passphrase fixture instead
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer os.Remove(passphraseFile.Name())
+	_, err = passphraseFile.WriteString("test-passphrase")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	opts = fakeSharedCopyOptions(t, []string{
+		"--sign-by", "gpgFingerprint",
+		"--sign-passphrase-file", passphraseFile.Name(),
+	})
+	res, cleanup, err = opts.copyOptions(&someStdout)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer cleanup()
+	assert.Equal(t, &copy.Options{
+		SignBy:                           "gpgFingerprint",
+		SignPassphrase:                   "test-passphrase",
+		SignSigstorePrivateKeyPassphrase: []byte("test-passphrase"),
+		ReportWriter:                     &someStdout,
+	}, res)
+	// --sign-passphrase-file + --sign-by-sigstore-private-key should be tested here.
+
+	// Invalid --format
+	opts = fakeSharedCopyOptions(t, []string{"--format", "invalid"})
+	_, _, err = opts.copyOptions(&someStdout)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+
+	// More --sign-passphrase-file, --sign-by-sigstore-private-key, --sign-by-sigstore failure cases should be tested here.
+
+	// --sign-passphrase-file not found
+	opts = fakeSharedCopyOptions(t, []string{
+		"--sign-by", "gpgFingerprint",
+		"--sign-passphrase-file", "/dev/null/this/does/not/exist",
+	})
+	_, _, err = opts.copyOptions(&someStdout)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+
+	// --sign-by-sigstore file not found
+	opts = fakeSharedCopyOptions(t, []string{
+		"--sign-by-sigstore", "/dev/null/this/does/not/exist",
+	})
+	_, _, err = opts.copyOptions(&someStdout)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}
+
 func TestParseManifestFormat(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, testCase := range []struct {
 		formatParam          string

contrib/cirrus/ostree_ext.dockerfile

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ARG CIRRUS_IMAGE_VERSION
 ENV CIRRUS_IMAGE_VERSION=$CIRRUS_IMAGE_VERSION
 ADD https://sh.rustup.rs /var/tmp/rustup_installer.sh
 
-RUN dnf erase -y rust && \
+RUN dnf remove -y rust && \
     chmod +x /var/tmp/rustup_installer.sh && \
     /var/tmp/rustup_installer.sh -y --default-toolchain stable --profile minimal
 

contrib/cirrus/runner.sh

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ _run_setup() {
     fi
 
     # VM's come with the distro. skopeo package pre-installed
-    dnf erase -y skopeo
+    dnf remove -y skopeo
 
     msg "Removing systemd-resolved from nsswitch.conf"
     # /etc/resolv.conf is already set to bypass systemd-resolvd
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ _run_setup() {
     # things directly on the host VM.  Fortunately they're all
     # located in the container under /usr/local/bin
     msg "Accessing contents of $SKOPEO_CIDEV_CONTAINER_FQIN"
-    podman pull --quiet $SKOPEO_CIDEV_CONTAINER_FQIN
+    podman pull --retry 3 --quiet $SKOPEO_CIDEV_CONTAINER_FQIN
     mnt=$(podman mount $(podman create $SKOPEO_CIDEV_CONTAINER_FQIN))
 
     # The container and VM images are built in tandem in the same repo.
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ _run_system() {
     make test-system-local BUILDTAGS="$BUILDTAGS"
 }
 
-req_env_vars SKOPEO_PATH BUILDTAGS
+req_env_vars SKOPEO_PATH
 
 handler="_run_${1}"
 if [ "$(type -t $handler)" != "function" ]; then

docs-experimental/skopeo-experimental-image-proxy.1.md

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+% skopeo-experimental-image-proxy(1)
+
+# NAME
+skopeo-experimental-image-proxy - API server for fetching container images (EXPERIMENTAL)
+
+# SYNOPSIS
+**skopeo experimental-image-proxy** [*options*]
+
+# DESCRIPTION
+**EXPERIMENTAL COMMAND**: This command is experimental, and its API is subject to change. It is currently hidden from the main help output and not supported on Windows.
+
+`skopeo experimental-image-proxy` exposes core container image fetching APIs via custom JSON+fd-passing protocol. This provides a lightweight way to fetch container image content (manifests and blobs). This command is primarily intended for programs that want to operate on a storage type that skopeo doesn't natively handle. For example, the bootc project currently has a custom ostree-based container storage backend.
+
+The client process that invokes `skopeo experimental-image-proxy` is responsible for creating a socket pair and passing one of the file descriptors to the proxy. By default, the proxy expects this file descriptor to be its standard input (fd 0), but a different fd can be specified using the **--sockfd** option.
+
+**Protocol Overview**
+
+The protocol requires a `socketpair(2)` of type `SOCK_SEQPACKET`, over which a single JSON message is sent per packet. Large data payloads, such as image manifests and blobs, are transferred over separate pipes (`pipe(2)`), with the read-ends of these pipes passed to the client via file descriptor (FD) passing.
+
+*   **Request Format**: A JSON object: `{ "method": "MethodName", "args": [arguments] }`
+*   **Reply Format**: A JSON object: `{ "success": boolean, "value": JSONValue, "pipeid": number, "error_code": string, "error": string }`
+    *   `success`: `true` if the call succeeded, `false` otherwise.
+    *   `value`: The return value of the method, if any.
+    *   `pipeid`: An integer identifying a pipe for data transfer. This ID is used with the `FinishPipe` method.
+    *   `error_code`: A string indicating the type of error if `success` is `false` (e.g., "EPIPE", "retryable", "other"). (Introduced in protocol version 0.2.8)
+    *   `error`: A string describing the error if `success` is `false`.
+
+The current protocol version is `0.2.8`.
+
+**Supported Protocol Methods**
+
+The server supports the following methods:
+
+*   **Initialize**: Initializes the proxy. This method must be called before any other method.
+    *   Args: `[]` (empty array)
+    *   Returns: `string` (the protocol version, e.g., "0.2.8")
+*   **OpenImage**: Opens an image reference (e.g., `docker://quay.io/example/image:latest`).
+    *   Args: `[string imageName]`
+    *   Returns: `uint64` (an opaque image ID to be used in subsequent calls)
+*   **OpenImageOptional**: Similar to `OpenImage`, but if the image is not found, it returns `0` (a sentinel image ID) instead of an error.
+    *   Args: `[string imageName]`
+    *   Returns: `uint64` (opaque image ID, or `0` if the image is not found)
+*   **CloseImage**: Closes a previously opened image, releasing associated resources.
+    *   Args: `[uint64 imageID]`
+    *   Returns: `null`
+*   **GetManifest**: Retrieves the image manifest. If the image is a manifest list, it is resolved to an image matching the proxy's current OS and architecture. The manifest is converted to OCI format if it isn't already. The `value` field in the reply contains the original digest of the manifest (if the image is a manifest list, this is the digest of the list, not the per-platform instance). The manifest content is streamed over a pipe.
+    *   Args: `[uint64 imageID]`
+    *   Returns: `string` (manifest digest in `value`), manifest data via pipe.
+*   **GetFullConfig**: Retrieves the full image configuration, conforming to the OCI Image Format Specification. Configuration data is streamed over a pipe.
+    *   Args: `[uint64 imageID]`
+    *   Returns: `null`, configuration data via pipe.
+*   **GetBlob**: Fetches an image blob (e.g., a layer) by its digest and expected size. The proxy performs digest verification on the blob data. The `value` field in the reply contains the blob size. Blob data is streamed over a pipe.
+    *   Args: `[uint64 imageID, string digest, uint64 size]`
+    *   Returns: `int64` (blob size in `value`, `-1` if unknown), blob data via pipe.
+*   **GetRawBlob**: Fetches an image blob by its digest. Unlike `GetBlob`, this method does not perform server-side digest verification. It returns two file descriptors to the client: one for the blob data and another for reporting errors that occur during the streaming. This method does not use the `FinishPipe` mechanism. The `value` field in the reply contains the blob size. (Introduced in protocol version 0.2.8)
+    *   Args: `[uint64 imageID, string digest]`
+    *   Returns: `int64` (blob size in `value`, `-1` if unknown), and *two* file descriptors: one for the blob data, one for errors. The error is a `ProxyError` type, see below.
+*   **GetLayerInfoPiped**: Retrieves information about image layers. This replaces `GetLayerInfo`.  Layer information data is streamed over a pipe, which makes it more reliable for images with many layers that would exceed message size limits with `GetLayerInfo`. The returned data is a JSON array of `{digest: string, size: int64, media_type: string}`. (Introduced in protocol version 0.2.7)
+    *   Args: `[uint64 imageID]`
+    *   Returns: `null`, layer information data via pipe.
+*   **FinishPipe**: Signals that the client has finished reading all data from a pipe associated with a `pipeid` (obtained from methods like `GetManifest` or `GetBlob`). This allows the server to close its end of the pipe and report any pending errors (e.g., digest verification failure for `GetBlob`). This method **must** be called by the client after consuming data from a pipe, except for pipes from `GetRawBlob`.
+    *   Args: `[uint32 pipeID]`
+    *   Returns: `null`
+*   **Shutdown**: Instructs the proxy server to terminate gracefully.
+    *   Args: `[]` (empty array)
+    *   Returns: `null`
+
+The following methods are deprecated:
+
+*   **GetConfig**: (deprecated) Retrieves the container runtime configuration part of the image (the OCI `config` field). **Note**: This method returns only a part of the full image configuration due to a historical oversight. Use `GetFullConfig` for the complete image configuration. Configuration data is streamed over a pipe.
+    *   Args: `[uint64 imageID]`
+    *   Returns: `null`, configuration data via pipe.
+*   **GetLayerInfo**: (deprecated) Retrieves an array of objects, each describing an image layer (digest, size, mediaType). **Note**: This method returns data inline and may fail for images with many layers due to message size limits. Use `GetLayerInfoPiped` for a more robust solution.
+    *   Args: `[uint64 imageID]`
+    *   Returns: `array` of `{digest: string, size: int64, media_type: string}`.
+
+**Data Transfer for Pipes**
+
+When a method returns a `pipeid`, the server also passes the read-end of a pipe via file descriptor (FD) passing. The client reads the data (e.g., manifest content, blob content) from this FD. After successfully reading all data, the client **must** call `FinishPipe` with the corresponding `pipeid`. This signals to the server that the transfer is complete, allows the server to clean up resources, and enables the client to check for any errors that might have occurred during the data streaming process (e.g., a digest mismatch during `GetBlob`). The `GetRawBlob` method is an exception; it uses a dedicated error pipe instead of the `FinishPipe` mechanism.
+
+**ProxyError**
+
+`GetBlobRaw` returns a JSON object of the following form in the error pipe where:
+```
+{
+    "code": "EPIPE" | "retryable" | "other",
+    "message": "error message"
+}
+```
+
+- EPIPE: The client closed the pipe before reading all data.
+- retryable: The operation failed but might succeed if retried.
+- other: A generic error occurred.
+
+# OPTIONS
+**--sockfd**=*fd*
+Serve on the opened socket passed as file descriptor *fd*. Defaults to 0 (standard input).
+
+The command also supports common skopeo options for interacting with image registries and local storage. These include:
+
+**--authfile**=*path*
+
+Path of the primary registry credentials file. On Linux, the default is ${XDG\_RUNTIME\_DIR}/containers/auth.json.
+See **containers-auth.json**(5) for more details about the credential search mechanism and defaults on other platforms.
+
+Use `skopeo login` to manage the credentials.
+
+The default value of this option is read from the `REGISTRY\_AUTH\_FILE` environment variable.
+
+**--cert-dir**=*path*
+
+Use certificates at *path* (\*.crt, \*.cert, \*.key) to connect to the registry.
+
+**--creds** _username[:password]_
+
+Username and password for accessing the registry.
+
+**--daemon-host** _host_
+
+Use docker daemon host at _host_ (`docker-daemon:` transport only)
+
+**--no-creds**
+
+Access the registry anonymously.
+
+**--password**=*password*
+
+Password for accessing the registry. Use with **--username**.
+
+**--registry-token**=*token*
+
+Provide a Bearer *token* for accessing the registry.
+
+**--shared-blob-dir** _directory_
+
+Directory to use to share blobs across OCI repositories.
+
+**--tls-verify**=_bool_
+
+Require HTTPS and verify certificates when talking to the container registry or daemon. Default to registry.conf setting.
+
+**--username**=*username*
+Username for accessing the registry. Use with **--password**.
+
+# REFERENCE CLIENT LIBRARIES
+
+- Rust: The [containers-image-proxy-rs project](https://github.com/containers/containers-image-proxy-rs) serves
+as the reference Rust client.
+
+# PROTOCOL HISTORY
+
+- 0.2.1: Initial version
+- 0.2.2: Added support for fetching image configuration as OCI
+- 0.2.3: Added GetFullConfig
+- 0.2.4: Added OpenImageOptional
+- 0.2.5: Added LayerInfoJSON
+- 0.2.6: Policy Verification before pulling OCI
+- 0.2.7: Added GetLayerInfoPiped
+- 0.2.8: Added GetRawBlob and error_code to replies
+
+## SEE ALSO
+skopeo(1), containers-auth.json(5)

docs/skopeo-copy.1.md

@@ -34,19 +34,20 @@ the images in the list, and the list itself.
 
 **--authfile** _path_
 
-Path of the authentication file. Default is ${XDG_RUNTIME\_DIR}/containers/auth.json, which is set using `skopeo login`.
-If the authorization state is not found there, $HOME/.docker/config.json is checked, which is set using `docker login`.
+Path of the primary registry credentials file. On Linux, the default is ${XDG\_RUNTIME\_DIR}/containers/auth.json.
+See **containers-auth.json**(5) for more details about the credential search mechanism and defaults on other platforms.
 
-Note: You can also override the default path of the authentication file by setting the REGISTRY\_AUTH\_FILE
-environment variable. `export REGISTRY_AUTH_FILE=path`
+Use `skopeo login` to manage the credentials.
+
+The default value of this option is read from the `REGISTRY\_AUTH\_FILE` environment variable.
 
 **--src-authfile** _path_
 
-Path of the authentication file for the source registry. Uses path given by `--authfile`, if not provided.
+Path of the primary registry credentials file for the source registry. Uses path given by `--authfile`, if not provided.
 
 **--dest-authfile** _path_
 
-Path of the authentication file for the destination registry. Uses path given by `--authfile`, if not provided.
+Path of the primary registry credentials file for the destination registry. Uses path given by `--authfile`, if not provided.
 
 **--dest-shared-blob-dir** _directory_
 
@@ -183,6 +184,8 @@ Existing signatures, if any, are preserved as well.
 **--dest-compress-format** _format_
 
 Specifies the compression format to use.  Supported values are: `gzip`, `zstd` and `zstd:chunked`.
+`zstd:chunked` is incompatible with encrypting images,
+and will be treated as `zstd` with a warning in that case.
 
 **--dest-compress-level** _format_
 
@@ -202,7 +205,11 @@ Precompute digests to ensure layers are not uploaded that already exist on the d
 
 **--retry-times**
 
-The number of times to retry. Retry wait time will be exponentially increased based on the number of failed attempts.
+The number of times to retry.
+
+**--retry-delay**
+
+Fixed delay between retries. If not set (or set to 0s), retry wait time will be exponentially increased based on the number of failed attempts.
 
 **--src-username**
 

docs/skopeo-delete.1.md

@@ -35,8 +35,12 @@ See also [skopeo(1)](skopeo.1.md) for options placed before the subcommand name.
 
 **--authfile** _path_
 
-Path of the authentication file. Default is ${XDG_RUNTIME\_DIR}/containers/auth.json, which is set using `skopeo login`.
-If the authorization state is not found there, $HOME/.docker/config.json is checked, which is set using `docker login`.
+Path of the primary registry credentials file. On Linux, the default is ${XDG\_RUNTIME\_DIR}/containers/auth.json.
+See **containers-auth.json**(5) for more details about the credential search mechanism and defaults on other platforms.
+
+Use `skopeo login` to manage the credentials.
+
+The default value of this option is read from the `REGISTRY\_AUTH\_FILE` environment variable.
 
 **--creds** _username[:password]_
 
@@ -66,7 +70,11 @@ Bearer token for accessing the registry.
 
 **--retry-times**
 
-The number of times to retry. Retry wait time will be exponentially increased based on the number of failed attempts.
+The number of times to retry.
+
+**--retry-delay**
+
+Fixed delay between retries. If not set (or set to 0s), retry wait time will be exponentially increased based on the number of failed attempts.
 
 **--shared-blob-dir** _directory_
 

docs/skopeo-generate-sigstore-key.1.md

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ The private key is encrypted with a passphrase;
 if one is not provided using an option, this command prompts for it interactively.
 
 The private key is written to _prefix_**.private** .
-The private key is written to _prefix_**.pub** .
+The public key is written to _prefix_**.pub** .
 
 ## OPTIONS
 

docs/skopeo-inspect.1.md

@@ -21,8 +21,12 @@ See also [skopeo(1)](skopeo.1.md) for options placed before the subcommand name.
 
 **--authfile** _path_
 
-Path of the authentication file. Default is ${XDG\_RUNTIME\_DIR}/containers/auth.json, which is set using `skopeo login`.
-If the authorization state is not found there, $HOME/.docker/config.json is checked, which is set using `docker login`.
+Path of the primary registry credentials file. On Linux, the default is ${XDG\_RUNTIME\_DIR}/containers/auth.json.
+See **containers-auth.json**(5) for more details about the credential search mechanism and defaults on other platforms.
+
+Use `skopeo login` to manage the credentials.
+
+The default value of this option is read from the `REGISTRY\_AUTH\_FILE` environment variable.
 
 **--cert-dir** _path_
 
@@ -65,7 +69,11 @@ Registry token for accessing the registry.
 
 **--retry-times**
 
-The number of times to retry; retry wait time will be exponentially increased based on the number of failed attempts.
+The number of times to retry.
+
+**--retry-delay**
+
+Fixed delay between retries. If not set (or set to 0s), retry wait time will be exponentially increased based on the number of failed attempts.
 
 **--shared-blob-dir** _directory_
 

docs/skopeo-list-tags.1.md

@@ -16,8 +16,12 @@ See also [skopeo(1)](skopeo.1.md) for options placed before the subcommand name.
 
 **--authfile** _path_
 
-Path of the authentication file. Default is ${XDG\_RUNTIME\_DIR}/containers/auth.json, which is set using `skopeo login`.
-  If the authorization state is not found there, $HOME/.docker/config.json is checked, which is set using `docker login`.
+Path of the updated registry credentials file. On Linux, the default is ${XDG\_RUNTIME\_DIR}/containers/auth.json.
+See **containers-auth.json**(5) for more details about the credential search mechanism and defaults on other platforms.
+
+Use `skopeo login` to manage the credentials.
+
+The default value of this option is read from the `REGISTRY\_AUTH\_FILE` environment variable.
 
 **--creds** _username[:password]_ for accessing the registry.
 
@@ -39,7 +43,11 @@ Bearer token for accessing the registry.
 
 **--retry-times**
 
-The number of times to retry. Retry wait time will be exponentially increased based on the number of failed attempts.
+The number of times to retry.
+
+**--retry-delay**
+
+Fixed delay between retries. If not set (or set to 0s), retry wait time will be exponentially increased based on the number of failed attempts.
 
 **--tls-verify**=_bool_
 
@@ -60,7 +68,7 @@ Repository names are transport-specific references as each transport may have it
 This commands refers to repositories using a _transport_`:`_details_ format. The following formats are supported:
 
   **docker://**_docker-repository-reference_
-  A repository in a registry implementing the "Docker Registry HTTP API V2". By default, uses the authorization state in either `$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/containers/auth.json`, which is set using `(skopeo login)`. If the authorization state is not found there, `$HOME/.docker/config.json` is checked, which is set using `(docker login)`.
+  A repository in a registry implementing the "Docker Registry HTTP API V2".
   A _docker-repository-reference_ is of the form: **registryhost:port/repositoryname** which is similar to an _image-reference_ but with no tag or digest allowed as the last component (e.g no `:latest` or `@sha256:xyz`)
 
       Examples of valid docker-repository-references:

docs/skopeo-login.1.md

@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ skopeo\-login - Login to a container registry.
 **skopeo login** logs into a specified registry server with the correct username
 and password. **skopeo login** reads in the username and password from STDIN.
 The username and password can also be set using the **username** and **password** flags.
-The path of the authentication file can be specified by the user by setting the **authfile**
-flag. The default path used is **${XDG\_RUNTIME\_DIR}/containers/auth.json**.
+The path of the credentials file can be specified by the user by setting the **authfile**
+flag.
 
 ## OPTIONS
 
@@ -31,10 +31,10 @@ Username for registry
 
 **--authfile**=*path*
 
-Path of the authentication file. Default is ${XDG\_RUNTIME\_DIR}/containers/auth.json
+Path of the managed registry credentials file. On Linux, the default is ${XDG\_RUNTIME\_DIR}/containers/auth.json.
+See **containers-auth.json**(5) for more details about the default on other platforms.
 
-Note: You can also override the default path of the authentication file by setting the REGISTRY\_AUTH\_FILE
-environment variable. `export REGISTRY_AUTH_FILE=path`
+The default value of this option is read from the `REGISTRY\_AUTH\_FILE` environment variable.
 
 **--compat-auth-file**=*path*
 

docs/skopeo-logout.1.md

@@ -8,8 +8,7 @@ skopeo\-logout - Logout of a container registry.
 
 ## DESCRIPTION
 **skopeo logout** logs out of a specified registry server by deleting the cached credentials
-stored in the **auth.json** file. The path of the authentication file can be overridden by the user by setting the **authfile** flag.
-The default path used is **${XDG\_RUNTIME\_DIR}/containers/auth.json**.
+stored in the **auth.json** file. The path of the credentials file can be overridden by the user by setting the **authfile** flag.
 All the cached credentials can be removed by setting the **all** flag.
 
 ## OPTIONS
@@ -18,10 +17,10 @@ See also [skopeo(1)](skopeo.1.md) for options placed before the subcommand name.
 
 **--authfile**=*path*
 
-Path of the authentication file. Default is ${XDG\_RUNTIME\_DIR}/containers/auth.json
+Path of the managed registry credentials file. On Linux, the default is ${XDG\_RUNTIME\_DIR}/containers/auth.json.
+See **containers-auth.json**(5) for more details about the default on other platforms.
 
-Note: You can also override the default path of the authentication file by setting the REGISTRY\_AUTH\_FILE
-environment variable. `export REGISTRY_AUTH_FILE=path`
+The default value of this option is read from the `REGISTRY\_AUTH\_FILE` environment variable.
 
 **--compat-auth-file**=*path*
 

docs/skopeo-sync.1.md

@@ -39,16 +39,20 @@ the images in the list, and the list itself.
 
 **--authfile** _path_
 
-Path of the authentication file. Default is ${XDG\_RUNTIME\_DIR}/containers/auth.json, which is set using `skopeo login`.
-If the authorization state is not found there, $HOME/.docker/config.json is checked, which is set using `docker login`.
+Path of the primary registry credentials file. On Linux, the default is ${XDG\_RUNTIME\_DIR}/containers/auth.json.
+See **containers-auth.json**(5) for more details about the credential search mechanism and defaults on other platforms.
+
+Use `skopeo login` to manage the credentials.
+
+The default value of this option is read from the `REGISTRY\_AUTH\_FILE` environment variable.
 
 **--src-authfile** _path_
 
-Path of the authentication file for the source registry. Uses path given by `--authfile`, if not provided.
+Path of the primary registry credentials file for the source registry. Uses path given by `--authfile`, if not provided.
 
 **--dest-authfile** _path_
 
-Path of the authentication file for the destination registry. Uses path given by `--authfile`, if not provided.
+Path of the primary registry credentials file for the destination registry. Uses path given by `--authfile`, if not provided.
 
 **--dry-run**
 
@@ -68,6 +72,16 @@ Print usage statement.
 
 **--append-suffix** _tag-suffix_ String to append to destination tags.
 
+**--digestfile** _path_
+
+After copying the images from source, write the digest of the resulting images along with Image Reference.
+
+```
+sha256:bf91f90823248017a4f920fb541727fa8368dc6cf377a7debbd271cf6a31c8a7 docker://myhost.com/alpine:edge
+sha256:31603596830fc7e56753139f9c2c6bd3759e48a850659506ebfb885d1cf3aef5 docker://myhost.com/postgres:14.3
+
+```
+
 **--preserve-digests**
 
 Preserve the digests during copying. Fail if the digest cannot be preserved.
@@ -113,7 +127,13 @@ The passphare to use when signing with `--sign-by` or `--sign-by-sigstore-privat
 
 **--dest-registry-token** _Bearer token_ for accessing the destination registry.
 
-**--retry-times**  the number of times to retry, retry wait time will be exponentially increased based on the number of failed attempts.
+**--retry-times**
+
+The number of times to retry.
+
+**--retry-delay**
+
+Fixed delay between retries. If not set (or set to 0s), retry wait time will be exponentially increased based on the number of failed attempts.
 
 **--keep-going**
 If any errors occur during copying of images, those errors are logged and the process continues syncing rest of the images and finally fails at the end.

docs/skopeo.1.md

@@ -33,7 +33,9 @@ Most commands refer to container images, using a _transport_`:`_details_ format.
   An existing local directory _path_ storing the manifest, layer tarballs and signatures as individual files. This is a non-standardized format, primarily useful for debugging or noninvasive container inspection.
 
   **docker://**_docker-reference_
-  An image in a registry implementing the "Docker Registry HTTP API V2". By default, uses the authorization state in either `$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/containers/auth.json`, which is set using `(skopeo login)`. If the authorization state is not found there, `$HOME/.docker/config.json` is checked, which is set using `(docker login)`.
+  An image in a registry implementing the "Docker Registry HTTP API V2".
+  Credentials are typically managed using `(skopeo login)`;
+  see **containers-auth.json**(5) for more details about the credential search mechanism.
 
   **docker-archive:**_path_[**:**_docker-reference_]
   An image is stored in the `docker save` formatted file.  _docker-reference_ is only used when creating such a file, and it must not contain a digest.

go.mod

@@ -1,137 +1,116 @@
 module github.com/containers/skopeo
 
 // Minimum required golang version
-go 1.21.0
+go 1.23.3
 
 // Warning: Ensure the "go" and "toolchain" versions match exactly to prevent unwanted auto-updates
 
 require (
-	github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3 v3.2.1
-	github.com/containers/common v0.60.0
-	github.com/containers/image/v5 v5.32.0
-	github.com/containers/ocicrypt v1.2.0
-	github.com/containers/storage v1.55.0
+	github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3 v3.4.0
+	github.com/containers/common v0.64.0
+	github.com/containers/image/v5 v5.36.0
+	github.com/containers/ocicrypt v1.2.1
+	github.com/containers/storage v1.59.0
 	github.com/docker/distribution v2.8.3+incompatible
+	github.com/moby/sys/capability v0.4.0
 	github.com/opencontainers/go-digest v1.0.0
-	github.com/opencontainers/image-spec v1.1.0
+	github.com/opencontainers/image-spec v1.1.2-0.20250724175814-2daaaaf0e7c1
 	github.com/opencontainers/image-tools v1.0.0-rc3
 	github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.9.3
-	github.com/spf13/cobra v1.8.1
-	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.5
-	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.9.0
-	github.com/syndtr/gocapability v0.0.0-20200815063812-42c35b437635
-	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20240613232115-7f521ea00fb8
-	golang.org/x/term v0.22.0
+	github.com/spf13/cobra v1.9.1
+	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.7
+	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.10.0
+	golang.org/x/term v0.33.0
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1
 )
 
 require (
-	dario.cat/mergo v1.0.0 // indirect
-	github.com/BurntSushi/toml v1.4.0 // indirect
+	dario.cat/mergo v1.0.2 // indirect
+	github.com/BurntSushi/toml v1.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.6.2 // indirect
-	github.com/Microsoft/hcsshim v0.12.5 // indirect
+	github.com/Microsoft/hcsshim v0.13.0 // indirect
 	github.com/VividCortex/ewma v1.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/acarl005/stripansi v0.0.0-20180116102854-5a71ef0e047d // indirect
-	github.com/asaskevich/govalidator v0.0.0-20230301143203-a9d515a09cc2 // indirect
-	github.com/containerd/cgroups/v3 v3.0.3 // indirect
-	github.com/containerd/errdefs v0.1.0 // indirect
-	github.com/containerd/stargz-snapshotter/estargz v0.15.1 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/cgroups/v3 v3.0.5 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/errdefs v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/errdefs/pkg v0.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/stargz-snapshotter/estargz v0.16.3 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/typeurl/v2 v2.2.3 // indirect
 	github.com/containers/libtrust v0.0.0-20230121012942-c1716e8a8d01 // indirect
-	github.com/coreos/go-oidc/v3 v3.10.0 // indirect
-	github.com/cyberphone/json-canonicalization v0.0.0-20231217050601-ba74d44ecf5f // indirect
-	github.com/cyphar/filepath-securejoin v0.3.1 // indirect
+	github.com/coreos/go-oidc/v3 v3.14.1 // indirect
+	github.com/cyberphone/json-canonicalization v0.0.0-20241213102144-19d51d7fe467 // indirect
+	github.com/cyphar/filepath-securejoin v0.4.1 // indirect
 	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.2-0.20180830191138-d8f796af33cc // indirect
 	github.com/distribution/reference v0.6.0 // indirect
-	github.com/docker/docker v27.1.1+incompatible // indirect
-	github.com/docker/docker-credential-helpers v0.8.2 // indirect
+	github.com/docker/docker v28.3.3+incompatible // indirect
+	github.com/docker/docker-credential-helpers v0.9.3 // indirect
 	github.com/docker/go-connections v0.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/docker/go-units v0.5.0 // indirect
-	github.com/dsnet/compress v0.0.2-0.20210315054119-f66993602bf5 // indirect
+	github.com/dsnet/compress v0.0.2-0.20230904184137-39efe44ab707 // indirect
 	github.com/felixge/httpsnoop v1.0.4 // indirect
-	github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v3 v3.0.3 // indirect
-	github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v4 v4.0.2 // indirect
-	github.com/go-logr/logr v1.4.1 // indirect
+	github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v4 v4.0.5 // indirect
+	github.com/go-logr/logr v1.4.3 // indirect
 	github.com/go-logr/stdr v1.2.2 // indirect
-	github.com/go-openapi/analysis v0.23.0 // indirect
-	github.com/go-openapi/errors v0.22.0 // indirect
-	github.com/go-openapi/jsonpointer v0.21.0 // indirect
-	github.com/go-openapi/jsonreference v0.21.0 // indirect
-	github.com/go-openapi/loads v0.22.0 // indirect
-	github.com/go-openapi/runtime v0.28.0 // indirect
-	github.com/go-openapi/spec v0.21.0 // indirect
-	github.com/go-openapi/strfmt v0.23.0 // indirect
-	github.com/go-openapi/swag v0.23.0 // indirect
-	github.com/go-openapi/validate v0.24.0 // indirect
 	github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.3.2 // indirect
-	github.com/golang/groupcache v0.0.0-20210331224755-41bb18bfe9da // indirect
+	github.com/golang/groupcache v0.0.0-20241129210726-2c02b8208cf8 // indirect
 	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.4 // indirect
-	github.com/google/go-containerregistry v0.20.0 // indirect
+	github.com/google/go-containerregistry v0.20.3 // indirect
 	github.com/google/go-intervals v0.0.2 // indirect
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/gorilla/mux v1.8.1 // indirect
-	github.com/hashicorp/errwrap v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-cleanhttp v0.5.2 // indirect
-	github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror v1.1.1 // indirect
-	github.com/hashicorp/go-retryablehttp v0.7.7 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror v1.1.2-0.20250313123807-1ee6e1a1957a // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-retryablehttp v0.7.8 // indirect
 	github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.1.0 // indirect
-	github.com/josharian/intern v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 // indirect
-	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.17.9 // indirect
+	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.0 // indirect
 	github.com/klauspost/pgzip v1.2.6 // indirect
-	github.com/letsencrypt/boulder v0.0.0-20240418210053-89b07f4543e0 // indirect
-	github.com/mailru/easyjson v0.7.7 // indirect
-	github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.15 // indirect
-	github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3 v1.14.22 // indirect
+	github.com/letsencrypt/boulder v0.0.0-20240620165639-de9c06129bec // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.16 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3 v1.14.28 // indirect
 	github.com/miekg/pkcs11 v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/mistifyio/go-zfs/v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
-	github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v1.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/docker-image-spec v1.3.1 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/sys/mountinfo v0.7.2 // indirect
-	github.com/moby/sys/user v0.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/sys/user v0.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd // indirect
 	github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2 // indirect
-	github.com/oklog/ulid v1.3.1 // indirect
-	github.com/opencontainers/runtime-spec v1.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/opencontainers/selinux v1.11.0 // indirect
-	github.com/opentracing/opentracing-go v1.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/ostreedev/ostree-go v0.0.0-20210805093236-719684c64e4f // indirect
+	github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/schema v0.0.0-20250717171153-ab80ff15c2dd // indirect
+	github.com/opencontainers/runtime-spec v1.2.1 // indirect
+	github.com/opencontainers/selinux v1.12.0 // indirect
 	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1 // indirect
 	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.1-0.20181226105442-5d4384ee4fb2 // indirect
-	github.com/proglottis/gpgme v0.1.3 // indirect
+	github.com/proglottis/gpgme v0.1.4 // indirect
 	github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.4.7 // indirect
-	github.com/russross/blackfriday v2.0.0+incompatible // indirect
-	github.com/secure-systems-lab/go-securesystemslib v0.8.0 // indirect
+	github.com/santhosh-tekuri/jsonschema/v6 v6.0.2 // indirect
+	github.com/secure-systems-lab/go-securesystemslib v0.9.0 // indirect
 	github.com/segmentio/ksuid v1.0.4 // indirect
-	github.com/shurcooL/sanitized_anchor_name v1.0.0 // indirect
-	github.com/sigstore/fulcio v1.4.5 // indirect
-	github.com/sigstore/rekor v1.3.6 // indirect
-	github.com/sigstore/sigstore v1.8.4 // indirect
+	github.com/sigstore/fulcio v1.6.6 // indirect
+	github.com/sigstore/protobuf-specs v0.4.1 // indirect
+	github.com/sigstore/sigstore v1.9.5 // indirect
 	github.com/skratchdot/open-golang v0.0.0-20200116055534-eef842397966 // indirect
+	github.com/smallstep/pkcs7 v0.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/stefanberger/go-pkcs11uri v0.0.0-20230803200340-78284954bff6 // indirect
-	github.com/sylabs/sif/v2 v2.18.0 // indirect
-	github.com/tchap/go-patricia/v2 v2.3.1 // indirect
+	github.com/sylabs/sif/v2 v2.21.1 // indirect
+	github.com/tchap/go-patricia/v2 v2.3.3 // indirect
 	github.com/titanous/rocacheck v0.0.0-20171023193734-afe73141d399 // indirect
 	github.com/ulikunitz/xz v0.5.12 // indirect
-	github.com/vbatts/tar-split v0.11.5 // indirect
-	github.com/vbauerster/mpb/v8 v8.7.4 // indirect
-	github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonpointer v0.0.0-20190905194746-02993c407bfb // indirect
-	github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonreference v0.0.0-20180127040603-bd5ef7bd5415 // indirect
-	github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonschema v1.2.0 // indirect
-	go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver v1.14.0 // indirect
-	go.mozilla.org/pkcs7 v0.0.0-20210826202110-33d05740a352 // indirect
+	github.com/vbatts/tar-split v0.12.1 // indirect
+	github.com/vbauerster/mpb/v8 v8.10.2 // indirect
 	go.opencensus.io v0.24.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp v0.49.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.24.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v1.24.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.24.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.25.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/mod v0.18.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/net v0.26.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.21.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sync v0.7.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.22.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.16.0 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20240318140521-94a12d6c2237 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/grpc v1.64.1 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.33.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/auto/sdk v1.1.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp v0.60.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.35.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v1.35.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.35.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.40.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/net v0.41.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.30.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.16.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.34.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.27.0 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20250303144028-a0af3efb3deb // indirect
+	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20250313205543-e70fdf4c4cb4 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/grpc v1.72.2 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.6 // indirect
 )

go.sum

@@ -1,81 +1,83 @@
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@@ -145,48 +125,43 @@ github.com/google/go-cmp v0.4.0/go.mod h1:v8dTdLbMG2kIc/vJvl+f65V22dbkXbowE6jgT/
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@@ -194,32 +169,34 @@ github.com/kr/pretty v0.3.1 h1:flRD4NNwYAUpkphVc1HcthR4KEIFJ65n8Mw5qdRn3LE=
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 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20200622213623-75b288015ac9/go.mod h1:LzIPMQfyMNhhGPhUkYOs5KpL4U8rLKemX1yGLhDgUto=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210921155107-089bfa567519/go.mod h1:GvvjBRRGRdwPK5ydBHafDWAxML/pGHZbMvKqRZ5+Abc=
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 golang.org/x/crypto v0.19.0/go.mod h1:Iy9bg/ha4yyC70EfRS8jz+B6ybOBKMaSxLj6P6oBDfU=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.25.0 h1:ypSNr+bnYL2YhwoMt2zPxHFmbAN1KZs/njMG3hxUp30=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.25.0/go.mod h1:T+wALwcMOSE0kXgUAnPAHqTLW+XHgcELELW8VaDgm/M=
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 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190121172915-509febef88a4/go.mod h1:CJ0aWSM057203Lf6IL+f9T1iT9GByDxfZKAQTCR3kQA=
-golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20240613232115-7f521ea00fb8 h1:yixxcjnhBmY0nkL253HFVIm0JsFHwrHdT3Yh6szTnfY=
-golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20240613232115-7f521ea00fb8/go.mod h1:jj3sYF3dwk5D+ghuXyeI3r5MFf+NT2An6/9dOA95KSI=
 golang.org/x/lint v0.0.0-20181026193005-c67002cb31c3/go.mod h1:UVdnD1Gm6xHRNCYTkRU2/jEulfH38KcIWyp/GAMgvoE=
 golang.org/x/lint v0.0.0-20190227174305-5b3e6a55c961/go.mod h1:wehouNa3lNwaWXcvxsM5YxQ5yQlVC4a0KAMCusXpPoU=
 golang.org/x/lint v0.0.0-20190313153728-d0100b6bd8b3/go.mod h1:6SW0HCj/g11FgYtHlgUYUwCkIfeOF89ocIRzGO/8vkc=
@@ -383,8 +352,9 @@ golang.org/x/mod v0.2.0/go.mod h1:s0Qsj1ACt9ePp/hMypM3fl4fZqREWJwdYDEqhRiZZUA=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.3.0/go.mod h1:s0Qsj1ACt9ePp/hMypM3fl4fZqREWJwdYDEqhRiZZUA=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.6.0-dev.0.20220419223038-86c51ed26bb4/go.mod h1:jJ57K6gSWd91VN4djpZkiMVwK6gcyfeH4XE8wZrZaV4=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.8.0/go.mod h1:iBbtSCu2XBx23ZKBPSOrRkjjQPZFPuis4dIYUhu/chs=
-golang.org/x/mod v0.18.0 h1:5+9lSbEzPSdWkH32vYPBwEpX8KwDbM52Ud9xBUvNlb0=
-golang.org/x/mod v0.18.0/go.mod h1:hTbmBsO62+eylJbnUtE2MGJUyE7QWk4xUqPFrRgJ+7c=
+golang.org/x/mod v0.12.0/go.mod h1:iBbtSCu2XBx23ZKBPSOrRkjjQPZFPuis4dIYUhu/chs=
+golang.org/x/mod v0.15.0/go.mod h1:hTbmBsO62+eylJbnUtE2MGJUyE7QWk4xUqPFrRgJ+7c=
+golang.org/x/mod v0.17.0/go.mod h1:hTbmBsO62+eylJbnUtE2MGJUyE7QWk4xUqPFrRgJ+7c=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20180724234803-3673e40ba225/go.mod h1:mL1N/T3taQHkDXs73rZJwtUhF3w3ftmwwsq0BUmARs4=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20180826012351-8a410e7b638d/go.mod h1:mL1N/T3taQHkDXs73rZJwtUhF3w3ftmwwsq0BUmARs4=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20190213061140-3a22650c66bd/go.mod h1:mL1N/T3taQHkDXs73rZJwtUhF3w3ftmwwsq0BUmARs4=
@@ -398,11 +368,14 @@ golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20210226172049-e18ecbb05110/go.mod h1:m0MpNAwzfU5UDzcl9v
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20220722155237-a158d28d115b/go.mod h1:XRhObCWvk6IyKnWLug+ECip1KBveYUHfp+8e9klMJ9c=
 golang.org/x/net v0.6.0/go.mod h1:2Tu9+aMcznHK/AK1HMvgo6xiTLG5rD5rZLDS+rp2Bjs=
 golang.org/x/net v0.10.0/go.mod h1:0qNGK6F8kojg2nk9dLZ2mShWaEBan6FAoqfSigmmuDg=
-golang.org/x/net v0.26.0 h1:soB7SVo0PWrY4vPW/+ay0jKDNScG2X9wFeYlXIvJsOQ=
-golang.org/x/net v0.26.0/go.mod h1:5YKkiSynbBIh3p6iOc/vibscux0x38BZDkn8sCUPxHE=
+golang.org/x/net v0.15.0/go.mod h1:idbUs1IY1+zTqbi8yxTbhexhEEk5ur9LInksu6HrEpk=
+golang.org/x/net v0.21.0/go.mod h1:bIjVDfnllIU7BJ2DNgfnXvpSvtn8VRwhlsaeUTyUS44=
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 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20180821212333-d2e6202438be/go.mod h1:N/0e6XlmueqKjAGxoOufVs8QHGRruUQn6yWY3a++T0U=
-golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.21.0 h1:tsimM75w1tF/uws5rbeHzIWxEqElMehnc+iW793zsZs=
-golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.21.0/go.mod h1:XYTD2NtWslqkgxebSiOHnXEap4TF09sJSc7H1sXbhtI=
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+golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.30.0/go.mod h1:B++QgG3ZKulg6sRPGD/mqlHQs5rB3Ml9erfeDY7xKlU=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20180314180146-1d60e4601c6f/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20181108010431-42b317875d0f/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20190423024810-112230192c58/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
@@ -410,8 +383,12 @@ golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20190911185100-cd5d95a43a6e/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJ
 golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20201020160332-67f06af15bc9/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20220722155255-886fb9371eb4/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.1.0/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
-golang.org/x/sync v0.7.0 h1:YsImfSBoP9QPYL0xyKJPq0gcaJdG3rInoqxTWbfQu9M=
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 golang.org/x/sync v0.7.0/go.mod h1:Czt+wKu1gCyEFDUtn0jG5QVvpJ6rzVqr5aXyt9drQfk=
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@@ -423,26 +400,36 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220715151400-c0bba94af5f8/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBc
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220722155257-8c9f86f7a55f/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
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 golang.org/x/sys v0.8.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
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 golang.org/x/sys v0.17.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.22.0 h1:RI27ohtqKCnwULzJLqkv897zojh5/DwS/ENaMzUOaWI=
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 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20180917221912-90fa682c2a6e/go.mod h1:n7NCudcB/nEzxVGmLbDWY5pfWTLqBcC2KZ6jyYvM4mQ=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20190114222345-bf090417da8b/go.mod h1:n7NCudcB/nEzxVGmLbDWY5pfWTLqBcC2KZ6jyYvM4mQ=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20190226205152-f727befe758c/go.mod h1:9Yl7xja0Znq3iFh3HoIrodX9oNMXvdceNzlUR8zjMvY=
@@ -453,8 +440,10 @@ golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20200619180055-7c47624df98f/go.mod h1:EkVYQZoAsY45+roY
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20210106214847-113979e3529a/go.mod h1:emZCQorbCU4vsT4fOWvOPXz4eW1wZW4PmDk9uLelYpA=
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 golang.org/x/tools v0.6.0/go.mod h1:Xwgl3UAJ/d3gWutnCtw505GrjyAbvKui8lOU390QaIU=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.22.0 h1:gqSGLZqv+AI9lIQzniJ0nZDRG5GBPsSi+DRNHWNz6yA=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.22.0/go.mod h1:aCwcsjqvq7Yqt6TNyX7QMU2enbQ/Gt0bo6krSeEri+c=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.13.0/go.mod h1:HvlwmtVNQAhOuCjW7xxvovg8wbNq7LwfXh/k7wXUl58=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.21.1-0.20240508182429-e35e4ccd0d2d/go.mod h1:aiJjzUbINMkxbQROHiO6hDPo2LHcIPhhQsa9DLh0yGk=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.34.0 h1:qIpSLOxeCYGg9TrcJokLBG4KFA6d795g0xkBkiESGlo=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.34.0/go.mod h1:pAP9OwEaY1CAW3HOmg3hLZC5Z0CCmzjAF2UQMSqNARg=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20190717185122-a985d3407aa7/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191011141410-1b5146add898/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191204190536-9bdfabe68543/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
@@ -464,18 +453,17 @@ google.golang.org/appengine v1.4.0/go.mod h1:xpcJRLb0r/rnEns0DIKYYv+WjYCduHsrkT7
 google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20180817151627-c66870c02cf8/go.mod h1:JiN7NxoALGmiZfu7CAH4rXhgtRTLTxftemlI0sWmxmc=
 google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20190819201941-24fa4b261c55/go.mod h1:DMBHOl98Agz4BDEuKkezgsaosCRResVns1a3J2ZsMNc=
 google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20200526211855-cb27e3aa2013/go.mod h1:NbSheEEYHJ7i3ixzK3sjbqSGDJWnxyFXZblF3eUsNvo=
-google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20240311173647-c811ad7063a7 h1:ImUcDPHjTrAqNhlOkSocDLfG9rrNHH7w7uoKWPaWZ8s=
-google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20240318140521-94a12d6c2237 h1:RFiFrvy37/mpSpdySBDrUdipW/dHwsRwh3J3+A9VgT4=
-google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20240318140521-94a12d6c2237/go.mod h1:Z5Iiy3jtmioajWHDGFk7CeugTyHtPvMHA4UTmUkyalE=
-google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20240318140521-94a12d6c2237 h1:NnYq6UN9ReLM9/Y01KWNOWyI5xQ9kbIms5GGJVwS/Yc=
-google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20240318140521-94a12d6c2237/go.mod h1:WtryC6hu0hhx87FDGxWCDptyssuo68sk10vYjF+T9fY=
+google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20250303144028-a0af3efb3deb h1:p31xT4yrYrSM/G4Sn2+TNUkVhFCbG9y8itM2S6Th950=
+google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20250303144028-a0af3efb3deb/go.mod h1:jbe3Bkdp+Dh2IrslsFCklNhweNTBgSYanP1UXhJDhKg=
+google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20250313205543-e70fdf4c4cb4 h1:iK2jbkWL86DXjEx0qiHcRE9dE4/Ahua5k6V8OWFb//c=
+google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20250313205543-e70fdf4c4cb4/go.mod h1:LuRYeWDFV6WOn90g357N17oMCaxpgCnbi/44qJvDn2I=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.19.0/go.mod h1:mqu4LbDTu4XGKhr4mRzUsmM4RtVoemTSY81AxZiDr8c=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.23.0/go.mod h1:Y5yQAOtifL1yxbo5wqy6BxZv8vAUGQwXBOALyacEbxg=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.25.1/go.mod h1:c3i+UQWmh7LiEpx4sFZnkU36qjEYZ0imhYfXVyQciAY=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.27.0/go.mod h1:qbnxyOmOxrQa7FizSgH+ReBfzJrCY1pSN7KXBS8abTk=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.33.2/go.mod h1:JMHMWHQWaTccqQQlmk3MJZS+GWXOdAesneDmEnv2fbc=
-google.golang.org/grpc v1.64.1 h1:LKtvyfbX3UGVPFcGqJ9ItpVWW6oN/2XqTxfAnwRRXiA=
-google.golang.org/grpc v1.64.1/go.mod h1:hiQF4LFZelK2WKaP6W0L92zGHtiQdZxk8CrSdvyjeP0=
+google.golang.org/grpc v1.72.2 h1:TdbGzwb82ty4OusHWepvFWGLgIbNo1/SUynEN0ssqv8=
+google.golang.org/grpc v1.72.2/go.mod h1:wH5Aktxcg25y1I3w7H69nHfXdOG3UiadoBtjh3izSDM=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v0.0.0-20200109180630-ec00e32a8dfd/go.mod h1:DFci5gLYBciE7Vtevhsrf46CRTquxDuWsQurQQe4oz8=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v0.0.0-20200221191635-4d8936d0db64/go.mod h1:kwYJMbMJ01Woi6D6+Kah6886xMZcty6N08ah7+eCXa0=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v0.0.0-20200228230310-ab0ca4ff8a60/go.mod h1:cfTl7dwQJ+fmap5saPgwCLgHXTUD7jkjRqWcaiX5VyM=
@@ -485,17 +473,15 @@ google.golang.org/protobuf v1.22.0/go.mod h1:EGpADcykh3NcUnDUJcl1+ZksZNG86OlYog2
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.23.0/go.mod h1:EGpADcykh3NcUnDUJcl1+ZksZNG86OlYog2l/sGQquU=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.23.1-0.20200526195155-81db48ad09cc/go.mod h1:EGpADcykh3NcUnDUJcl1+ZksZNG86OlYog2l/sGQquU=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.25.0/go.mod h1:9JNX74DMeImyA3h4bdi1ymwjUzf21/xIlbajtzgsN7c=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.33.0 h1:uNO2rsAINq/JlFpSdYEKIZ0uKD/R9cpdv0T+yoGwGmI=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.33.0/go.mod h1:c6P6GXX6sHbq/GpV6MGZEdwhWPcYBgnhAHhKbcUYpos=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.6 h1:z1NpPI8ku2WgiWnf+t9wTPsn6eP1L7ksHUlkfLvd9xY=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.6/go.mod h1:jduwjTPXsFjZGTmRluh+L6NjiWu7pchiJ2/5YcXBHnY=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20201130134442-10cb98267c6c h1:Hei/4ADfdWqJk1ZMxUNpqntNwaWcugrBjAiHlqqRiVk=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20201130134442-10cb98267c6c/go.mod h1:JHkPIbrfpd72SG/EVd6muEfDQjcINNoR0C8j2r3qZ4Q=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.0-20200313102051-9f266ea9e77c/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 h1:fxVm/GzAzEWqLHuvctI91KS9hhNmmWOoWu0XTYJS7CA=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
-gotest.tools v2.2.0+incompatible h1:VsBPFP1AI068pPrMxtb/S8Zkgf9xEmTLJjfM+P5UIEo=
-gotest.tools v2.2.0+incompatible/go.mod h1:DsYFclhRJ6vuDpmuTbkuFWG+y2sxOXAzmJt81HFBacw=
-gotest.tools/v3 v3.5.1 h1:EENdUnS3pdur5nybKYIh2Vfgc8IUNBjxDPSjtiJcOzU=
-gotest.tools/v3 v3.5.1/go.mod h1:isy3WKz7GK6uNw/sbHzfKBLvlvXwUyV06n6brMxxopU=
+gotest.tools/v3 v3.5.2 h1:7koQfIKdy+I8UTetycgUqXWSDwpgv193Ka+qRsmBY8Q=
+gotest.tools/v3 v3.5.2/go.mod h1:LtdLGcnqToBH83WByAAi/wiwSFCArdFIUV/xxN4pcjA=
 honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.0-20190102054323-c2f93a96b099/go.mod h1:rf3lG4BRIbNafJWhAfAdb/ePZxsR/4RtNHQocxwk9r4=
 honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.0-20190523083050-ea95bdfd59fc/go.mod h1:rf3lG4BRIbNafJWhAfAdb/ePZxsR/4RtNHQocxwk9r4=

hack/btrfs_tag.sh

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-${CPP:-${CC:-cc} -E} ${CPPFLAGS} - > /dev/null 2> /dev/null << EOF
-#include <btrfs/version.h>
-EOF
-if test $? -ne 0 ; then
-	echo btrfs_noversion
-fi

hack/get_fqin.sh

@@ -29,6 +29,6 @@ $CONTAINER_RUNTIME run --rm \
     --entrypoint=/usr/share/automation/bin/cirrus-ci_env.py \
     quay.io/libpod/get_ci_vm:latest \
     --envs="Skopeo Test" /src/.cirrus.yml | \
-    egrep -m1 '^SKOPEO_CIDEV_CONTAINER_FQIN' | \
+    grep -E -m1 '^SKOPEO_CIDEV_CONTAINER_FQIN' | \
     awk -F "=" -e '{print $2}' | \
     tr -d \'\"

hack/man-page-checker

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ rc=0
 # for a given skopeo-foo.1.md, the NAME should be 'skopeo-foo'
 for md in *.1.md;do
     # Read the first line after '## NAME'
-    name=$(egrep -A1 '^## NAME' $md|tail -1|awk '{print $1}' | tr -d \\\\)
+    name=$(grep -E -A1 '^## NAME' $md|tail -1|awk '{print $1}' | tr -d \\\\)
 
     expect=$(basename $md .1.md)
     if [ "$name" != "$expect" ]; then
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ done
 # Make sure the descriptive text in skopeo-foo.1.md matches the one
 # in the table in skopeo.1.md.
 for md in $(ls -1 *-*.1.md);do
-    desc=$(egrep -A1 '^## NAME' $md|tail -1|sed -E -e 's/^skopeo[^[:space:]]+ - //')
+    desc=$(grep -E -A1 '^## NAME' $md|tail -1|sed -E -e 's/^skopeo[^[:space:]]+ - //')
 
     # Find the descriptive text in the main skopeo man page.
     parent=skopeo.1.md
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ function compare_usage() {
 #
 # Make sure the SYNOPSIS line in skopeo-foo.1.md reads '**skopeo foo** ...'
 for md in *.1.md;do
-    synopsis=$(egrep -A1 '^#* SYNOPSIS' $md|tail -1)
+    synopsis=$(grep -E -A1 '^#* SYNOPSIS' $md|tail -1)
 
     # Command name must be bracketed by double asterisks; options and
     # arguments are bracketed by single ones.

hack/sqlite_tag.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+${CPP:-${CC:-cc} -E} ${CPPFLAGS} - &> /dev/null << EOF
+#include <sqlite3.h>
+EOF
+if test $? -eq 0 ; then
+	echo libsqlite3
+fi

hack/test-integration.sh

@@ -3,6 +3,6 @@ set -e
 
 make PREFIX=/usr install
 
-echo "cd ./integration;" go test $TESTFLAGS ${BUILDTAGS:+-tags "$BUILDTAGS"}
+echo "cd ./integration;" go test "$@" ${BUILDTAGS:+-tags "$BUILDTAGS"}
 cd ./integration
-go test $TESTFLAGS ${BUILDTAGS:+-tags "$BUILDTAGS"}
+go test "$@" ${BUILDTAGS:+-tags "$BUILDTAGS"}

hack/test-system.sh

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ EOF
 fi
 
 # Build skopeo, install into /usr/bin
-make PREFIX=/usr install
+make PREFIX=/usr install "$@"
 
 # Run tests
 SKOPEO_BINARY=/usr/bin/skopeo bats --tap systemtest

hack/validate-lint.sh

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-errors=$($GOBIN/golangci-lint run --build-tags "${BUILDTAGS}" 2>&1)
-
-if [ -z "$errors" ]; then
-	echo 'Congratulations!  All Go source files have been linted.'
-else
-	{
-		echo "Errors from golangci-lint:"
-		echo "$errors"
-		echo
-		echo 'Please fix the above errors. You can test via "golangci-lint" and commit the result.'
-		echo
-	} >&2
-	exit 1
-fi

install.md

@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ located at [https://github.com/containers/image_build/tree/main/skopeo](https://
 
 Otherwise, read on for building and installing it from source:
 
-To build the `skopeo` binary you need at least Go 1.21.
+To build the `skopeo` binary you need at least Go 1.23.
 
 There are two ways to build skopeo: in a container, or locally without a
 container. Choose the one which better matches your needs and environment.

integration/check_test.go

@@ -107,7 +107,8 @@ func (s *skopeoSuite) TestCopyWithLocalAuth() {
 		"login", "--tls-verify=false", "--username="+s.regV2WithAuth.username, "--password="+s.regV2WithAuth.password, s.regV2WithAuth.url)
 	// copy to private registry using local authentication
 	imageName := fmt.Sprintf("docker://%s/busybox:mine", s.regV2WithAuth.url)
-	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", "--dest-tls-verify=false", testFQIN+":latest", imageName)
+	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", "--dest-tls-verify=false", "--retry-times", "3",
+		testFQIN+":latest", imageName)
 	// inspect from private registry
 	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "inspect", "--tls-verify=false", imageName)
 	// logout from the registry

integration/copy_test.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io/fs"
 	"log"
+	"maps"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
 	"os"
@@ -101,6 +102,16 @@ func (s *copySuite) TearDownSuite() {
 	}
 }
 
+// policyFixture applies the general edits, as well as extraSubstitutions, to the policy.json fixture,
+// and returns a path to a policy, which will be automatically removed when the test completes.
+func (s *copySuite) policyFixture(extraSubstitutions map[string]string) string {
+	t := s.T()
+	edits := map[string]string{"@keydir@": s.gpgHome}
+	maps.Copy(edits, extraSubstitutions)
+	policyPath := fileFromFixture(t, "fixtures/policy.json", edits)
+	return policyPath
+}
+
 func (s *copySuite) TestCopyWithManifestList() {
 	t := s.T()
 	dir := t.TempDir()
@@ -451,7 +462,8 @@ func (s *copySuite) TestCopySucceedsWhenImageDoesNotMatchRuntimeButWeOverride()
 	t := s.T()
 	storage := t.TempDir()
 	storage = fmt.Sprintf("[vfs@%s/root+%s/runroot]", storage, storage)
-	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--override-os=windows", "--override-arch=amd64", "copy", knownWindowsOnlyImage, "containers-storage:"+storage+"test")
+	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--override-os=windows", "--override-arch=amd64", "copy", knownWindowsOnlyImage, "--retry-times", "3",
+		"containers-storage:"+storage+"test")
 }
 
 func (s *copySuite) TestCopySimpleAtomicRegistry() {
@@ -461,7 +473,7 @@ func (s *copySuite) TestCopySimpleAtomicRegistry() {
 
 	// FIXME: It would be nice to use one of the local Docker registries instead of needing an Internet connection.
 	// "pull": docker: → dir:
-	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", testFQIN64, "dir:"+dir1)
+	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", testFQIN64, "--retry-times", "3", "dir:"+dir1)
 	// "push": dir: → atomic:
 	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "--debug", "copy", "dir:"+dir1, "atomic:localhost:5000/myns/unsigned:unsigned")
 	// The result of pushing and pulling is an equivalent image, except for schema1 embedded names.
@@ -496,6 +508,8 @@ func (s *copySuite) TestCopySimple() {
 	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", "docker://registry.k8s.io/pause:latest", "oci:"+ociDest+":"+ociImgName)
 	_, err := os.Stat(ociDest)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
+	// copy exits with status 2 if the image is not found within the container, in some transports.
+	assertSkopeoFailsWithStatus(t, 2, "copy", "oci:"+ociDest+":thisdoesnotexist", "dir:"+t.TempDir())
 
 	// docker v2s2 -> OCI image layout without image name
 	ociDest = "pause-latest-noimage"
@@ -539,7 +553,8 @@ func (s *copySuite) TestCopyEncryption() {
 		"oci:"+encryptedImgDir+":encrypted", "oci:"+decryptedImgDir+":decrypted")
 
 	// Copy a standard busybox image locally
-	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", testFQIN+":1.30.1", "oci:"+originalImageDir+":latest")
+	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", "--retry-times", "3",
+		testFQIN+":1.30.1", "oci:"+originalImageDir+":latest")
 
 	// Encrypt the image
 	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", "--encryption-key",
@@ -570,7 +585,7 @@ func (s *copySuite) TestCopyEncryption() {
 	matchLayerBlobBinaryType(t, decryptedImgDir+"/blobs/sha256", "application/x-gzip", 1)
 
 	// Copy a standard multi layer nginx image locally
-	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", testFQINMultiLayer, "oci:"+multiLayerImageDir+":latest")
+	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", "--retry-times", "3", testFQINMultiLayer, "oci:"+multiLayerImageDir+":latest")
 
 	// Partially encrypt the image
 	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", "--encryption-key", "jwe:"+keysDir+"/public.key",
@@ -671,9 +686,10 @@ func (s *copySuite) TestCopyStreaming() {
 
 	// FIXME: It would be nice to use one of the local Docker registries instead of needing an Internet connection.
 	// streaming: docker: → atomic:
-	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "--debug", "copy", testFQIN64, "atomic:localhost:5000/myns/unsigned:streaming")
+	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "--debug", "copy", "--retry-times", "3",
+		testFQIN64, "atomic:localhost:5000/myns/unsigned:streaming")
 	// Compare (copies of) the original and the copy:
-	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", testFQIN64, "dir:"+dir1)
+	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", "--retry-times", "3", testFQIN64, "dir:"+dir1)
 	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "copy", "atomic:localhost:5000/myns/unsigned:streaming", "dir:"+dir2)
 	assertSchema1DirImagesAreEqualExceptNames(t, dir1, "libpod/busybox:amd64", dir2, "myns/unsigned:streaming")
 	// FIXME: Also check pushing to docker://
@@ -692,7 +708,8 @@ func (s *copySuite) TestCopyOCIRoundTrip() {
 	oci2 := t.TempDir()
 
 	// Docker -> OCI
-	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "--debug", "copy", testFQIN, "oci:"+oci1+":latest")
+	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "--debug", "copy", "--retry-times", "3",
+		testFQIN, "oci:"+oci1+":latest")
 	// OCI -> Docker
 	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "--debug", "copy", "oci:"+oci1+":latest", ourRegistry+"original/busybox:oci_copy")
 	// Docker -> OCI
@@ -738,8 +755,7 @@ func (s *copySuite) TestCopySignatures() {
 	dir := t.TempDir()
 	dirDest := "dir:" + dir
 
-	policy := fileFromFixture(t, "fixtures/policy.json", map[string]string{"@keydir@": s.gpgHome})
-	defer os.Remove(policy)
+	policy := s.policyFixture(nil)
 
 	// type: reject
 	assertSkopeoFails(t, fmt.Sprintf(".*Source image rejected: Running image %s:latest is rejected by policy.*", testFQIN),
@@ -750,8 +766,10 @@ func (s *copySuite) TestCopySignatures() {
 
 	// type: signedBy
 	// Sign the images
-	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "copy", "--sign-by", "personal@example.com", testFQIN+":1.26", "atomic:localhost:5006/myns/personal:personal")
-	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "copy", "--sign-by", "official@example.com", testFQIN+":1.26.1", "atomic:localhost:5006/myns/official:official")
+	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "copy", "--retry-times", "3", "--sign-by", "personal@example.com",
+		testFQIN+":1.26", "atomic:localhost:5006/myns/personal:personal")
+	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "copy", "--retry-times", "3", "--sign-by", "official@example.com",
+		testFQIN+":1.26.1", "atomic:localhost:5006/myns/official:official")
 	// Verify that we can pull them
 	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "--policy", policy, "copy", "atomic:localhost:5006/myns/personal:personal", dirDest)
 	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "--policy", policy, "copy", "atomic:localhost:5006/myns/official:official", dirDest)
@@ -800,12 +818,11 @@ func (s *copySuite) TestCopyDirSignatures() {
 
 	// Note the "/@dirpath@": The value starts with a slash so that it is not rejected in other tests which do not replace it,
 	// but we must ensure that the result is a canonical path, not something starting with a "//".
-	policy := fileFromFixture(t, "fixtures/policy.json", map[string]string{"@keydir@": s.gpgHome, "/@dirpath@": topDir + "/restricted"})
-	defer os.Remove(policy)
+	policy := s.policyFixture(map[string]string{"/@dirpath@": topDir + "/restricted"})
 
 	// Get some images.
-	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", testFQIN+":armfh", topDirDest+"/dir1")
-	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", testFQIN+":s390x", topDirDest+"/dir2")
+	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", "--retry-times", "3", testFQIN+":armfh", topDirDest+"/dir1")
+	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", "--retry-times", "3", testFQIN+":s390x", topDirDest+"/dir2")
 
 	// Sign the images. By coping from a topDirDest/dirN, also test that non-/restricted paths
 	// use the dir:"" default of insecureAcceptAnything.
@@ -908,8 +925,7 @@ func (s *copySuite) TestCopyDockerLookaside() {
 	}))
 	defer splitLookasideReadServer.Close()
 
-	policy := fileFromFixture(t, "fixtures/policy.json", map[string]string{"@keydir@": s.gpgHome})
-	defer os.Remove(policy)
+	policy := s.policyFixture(nil)
 	registriesDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "registries.d")
 	err = os.Mkdir(registriesDir, 0755)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
@@ -919,7 +935,8 @@ func (s *copySuite) TestCopyDockerLookaside() {
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	// Get an image to work with.  Also verifies that we can use Docker repositories with no lookaside configured.
-	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "--registries.d", registriesDir, "copy", testFQIN, ourRegistry+"original/busybox")
+	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "--registries.d", registriesDir, "copy", "--retry-times", "3",
+		testFQIN, ourRegistry+"original/busybox")
 	// Pulling an unsigned image fails.
 	assertSkopeoFails(t, ".*Source image rejected: A signature was required, but no signature exists.*",
 		"--tls-verify=false", "--policy", policy, "--registries.d", registriesDir, "copy", ourRegistry+"original/busybox", dirDest)
@@ -968,11 +985,11 @@ func (s *copySuite) TestCopyAtomicExtension() {
 	}
 	registriesDir := filepath.Join(topDir, "registries.d")
 	dirDest := "dir:" + topDir
-	policy := fileFromFixture(t, "fixtures/policy.json", map[string]string{"@keydir@": s.gpgHome})
-	defer os.Remove(policy)
+	policy := s.policyFixture(nil)
 
 	// Get an image to work with to an atomic: destination.  Also verifies that we can use Docker repositories without X-Registry-Supports-Signatures
-	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "--registries.d", registriesDir, "copy", testFQIN, "atomic:localhost:5000/myns/extension:unsigned")
+	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "--registries.d", registriesDir, "copy", "--retry-times", "3",
+		testFQIN, "atomic:localhost:5000/myns/extension:unsigned")
 	// Pulling an unsigned image using atomic: fails.
 	assertSkopeoFails(t, ".*Source image rejected: A signature was required, but no signature exists.*",
 		"--tls-verify=false", "--policy", policy,
@@ -996,7 +1013,8 @@ func (s *copySuite) TestCopyAtomicExtension() {
 
 	// Get another image (different so that they don't share signatures, and sign it using docker://)
 	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "--registries.d", registriesDir,
-		"copy", "--sign-by", "personal@example.com", testFQIN+":ppc64le", "docker://localhost:5000/myns/extension:extension")
+		"copy", "--retry-times", "3", "--sign-by", "personal@example.com",
+		testFQIN+":ppc64le", "docker://localhost:5000/myns/extension:extension")
 	t.Logf("%s", combinedOutputOfCommand(t, "oc", "get", "istag", "extension:extension", "-o", "json"))
 	// Pulling the image using atomic: succeeds.
 	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--debug", "--tls-verify=false", "--policy", policy,
@@ -1024,8 +1042,7 @@ func (s *copySuite) TestCopyVerifyingMirroredSignatures() {
 	registriesDir := filepath.Join(topDir, "registries.d") // An empty directory to disable lookaside use
 	dirDest := "dir:" + filepath.Join(topDir, "unused-dest")
 
-	policy := fileFromFixture(t, "fixtures/policy.json", map[string]string{"@keydir@": s.gpgHome})
-	defer os.Remove(policy)
+	policy := s.policyFixture(nil)
 
 	// We use X-R-S-S for this testing to avoid having to deal with the lookasides.
 	// A downside is that OpenShift records signatures per image, so the error messages below
@@ -1033,7 +1050,8 @@ func (s *copySuite) TestCopyVerifyingMirroredSignatures() {
 	// So, make sure to never create a signature that could be considered valid in a different part of the test (i.e. don't reuse tags).
 
 	// Get an image to work with.
-	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", "--dest-tls-verify=false", testFQIN, regPrefix+"primary:unsigned")
+	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", "--retry-times", "3", "--dest-tls-verify=false",
+		testFQIN, regPrefix+"primary:unsigned")
 	// Verify that unsigned images are rejected
 	assertSkopeoFails(t, ".*Source image rejected: A signature was required, but no signature exists.*",
 		"--policy", policy, "--registries.d", registriesDir, "--registries-conf", "fixtures/registries.conf", "copy", "--src-tls-verify=false", regPrefix+"primary:unsigned", dirDest)
@@ -1082,19 +1100,22 @@ func (s *copySuite) TestCopyVerifyingMirroredSignatures() {
 
 func (s *skopeoSuite) TestCopySrcWithAuth() {
 	t := s.T()
-	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "copy", "--dest-creds=testuser:testpassword", testFQIN, fmt.Sprintf("docker://%s/busybox:latest", s.regV2WithAuth.url))
+	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "copy", "--retry-times", "3", "--dest-creds=testuser:testpassword",
+		testFQIN, fmt.Sprintf("docker://%s/busybox:latest", s.regV2WithAuth.url))
 	dir1 := t.TempDir()
 	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "copy", "--src-creds=testuser:testpassword", fmt.Sprintf("docker://%s/busybox:latest", s.regV2WithAuth.url), "dir:"+dir1)
 }
 
 func (s *skopeoSuite) TestCopyDestWithAuth() {
 	t := s.T()
-	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "copy", "--dest-creds=testuser:testpassword", testFQIN, fmt.Sprintf("docker://%s/busybox:latest", s.regV2WithAuth.url))
+	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "copy", "--retry-times", "3", "--dest-creds=testuser:testpassword",
+		testFQIN, fmt.Sprintf("docker://%s/busybox:latest", s.regV2WithAuth.url))
 }
 
 func (s *skopeoSuite) TestCopySrcAndDestWithAuth() {
 	t := s.T()
-	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "copy", "--dest-creds=testuser:testpassword", testFQIN, fmt.Sprintf("docker://%s/busybox:latest", s.regV2WithAuth.url))
+	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "copy", "--retry-times", "3", "--dest-creds=testuser:testpassword",
+		testFQIN, fmt.Sprintf("docker://%s/busybox:latest", s.regV2WithAuth.url))
 	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "--tls-verify=false", "copy", "--src-creds=testuser:testpassword", "--dest-creds=testuser:testpassword", fmt.Sprintf("docker://%s/busybox:latest", s.regV2WithAuth.url), fmt.Sprintf("docker://%s/test:auth", s.regV2WithAuth.url))
 }
 
@@ -1125,7 +1146,7 @@ func (s *copySuite) TestCopyManifestConversion() {
 
 	// oci to v2s1 and vice-versa not supported yet
 	// get v2s2 manifest type
-	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", testFQIN, "dir:"+srcDir)
+	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", "--retry-times", "3", testFQIN, "dir:"+srcDir)
 	verifyManifestMIMEType(t, srcDir, manifest.DockerV2Schema2MediaType)
 	// convert from v2s2 to oci
 	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", "--format=oci", "dir:"+srcDir, "dir:"+destDir1)
@@ -1161,7 +1182,7 @@ func (s *copySuite) testCopySchemaConversionRegistries(t *testing.T, schema1Regi
 
 	// Ensure we are working with a schema2 image.
 	// dir: accepts any manifest format, i.e. this makes …/input2 a schema2 source which cannot be asked to produce schema1 like ordinary docker: registries can.
-	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", testFQIN, "dir:"+input2Dir)
+	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", "--retry-times", "3", testFQIN, "dir:"+input2Dir)
 	verifyManifestMIMEType(t, input2Dir, manifest.DockerV2Schema2MediaType)
 	// 2→2 (the "f2t2" in tag means "from 2 to 2")
 	assertSkopeoSucceeds(t, "", "copy", "--dest-tls-verify=false", "dir:"+input2Dir, schema2Registry+":f2t2")

integration/openshift_shell_test.go

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 //go:build openshift_shell
-// +build openshift_shell
 
 package main
 

integration/openshift_test.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"slices"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
@@ -153,7 +154,7 @@ func (cluster *openshiftCluster) prepareRegistryConfig(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Equal(t, "", string(out))
 }
 
-// startRegistry starts the OpenShift registry with configPart on port, waits for it to be ready, and returns the process object, or terminates on failure.
+// startRegistryProcess starts the OpenShift registry with configPart on port, waits for it to be ready, and returns the process object, or terminates on failure.
 func (cluster *openshiftCluster) startRegistryProcess(t *testing.T, port uint16, configPath string) *exec.Cmd {
 	cmd := cluster.clusterCmd(map[string]string{
 		"KUBECONFIG":          "openshift.local.registry/openshift-registry.kubeconfig",
@@ -222,7 +223,7 @@ func (cluster *openshiftCluster) ocLoginToProject(t *testing.T) {
 // We do not run (docker login) directly, because that requires a running daemon and a docker package.
 func (cluster *openshiftCluster) dockerLogin(t *testing.T) {
 	cluster.dockerDir = filepath.Join(homedir.Get(), ".docker")
-	err := os.Mkdir(cluster.dockerDir, 0700)
+	err := os.MkdirAll(cluster.dockerDir, 0700)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	out := combinedOutputOfCommand(t, "oc", "config", "view", "-o", "json", "-o", "jsonpath={.users[*].user.token}")
@@ -253,10 +254,10 @@ func (cluster *openshiftCluster) relaxImageSignerPermissions(t *testing.T) {
 
 // tearDown stops the cluster services and deletes (only some!) of the state.
 func (cluster *openshiftCluster) tearDown(t *testing.T) {
-	for i := len(cluster.processes) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+	for _, process := range slices.Backward(cluster.processes) {
 		// It’s undocumented what Kill() returns if the process has terminated,
 		// so we couldn’t check just for that. This is running in a container anyway…
-		_ = cluster.processes[i].Process.Kill()
+		_ = process.Process.Kill()
 	}
 	if cluster.dockerDir != "" {
 		err := os.RemoveAll(cluster.dockerDir)

integration/procutils_test.go

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-//go:build !linux
-// +build !linux
+//go:build unix && !linux
 
 package main
 

integration/proxy_test.go

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+//go:build unix
+
 package main
 
 import (
@@ -8,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 	"strings"
+	"sync"
 	"syscall"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
@@ -58,8 +61,9 @@ type proxy struct {
 
 type pipefd struct {
 	// id is the remote identifier "pipeid"
-	id uint
-	fd *os.File
+	id     uint
+	datafd *os.File
+	errfd  *os.File
 }
 
 func (p *proxy) call(method string, args []any) (rval any, fd *pipefd, err error) {
@@ -97,26 +101,41 @@ func (p *proxy) call(method string, args []any) (rval any, fd *pipefd, err error
 		return
 	}
 
+	var scms []syscall.SocketControlMessage
+	scms, err = syscall.ParseSocketControlMessage(oob[:oobn])
+	if err != nil {
+		err = fmt.Errorf("failed to parse control message: %w", err)
+		return
+	}
 	if reply.PipeID > 0 {
-		var scms []syscall.SocketControlMessage
-		scms, err = syscall.ParseSocketControlMessage(oob[:oobn])
-		if err != nil {
-			err = fmt.Errorf("failed to parse control message: %w", err)
-			return
-		}
 		if len(scms) != 1 {
-			err = fmt.Errorf("Expected 1 received fd, found %d", len(scms))
+			err = fmt.Errorf("Expected 1 socket control message, found %d", len(scms))
 			return
 		}
+	}
+	if len(scms) > 2 {
+		err = fmt.Errorf("Expected 1 or 2 socket control message, found %d", len(scms))
+		return
+	}
+	if len(scms) != 0 {
 		var fds []int
 		fds, err = syscall.ParseUnixRights(&scms[0])
 		if err != nil {
 			err = fmt.Errorf("failed to parse unix rights: %w", err)
 			return
 		}
+		if len(fds) < 1 || len(fds) > 2 {
+			err = fmt.Errorf("expected 1 or 2 fds, found %d", len(fds))
+			return
+		}
+		var errfd *os.File
+		if len(fds) == 2 {
+			errfd = os.NewFile(uintptr(fds[1]), "errfd")
+		}
 		fd = &pipefd{
-			fd: os.NewFile(uintptr(fds[0]), "replyfd"),
-			id: uint(reply.PipeID),
+			datafd: os.NewFile(uintptr(fds[0]), "replyfd"),
+			id:     uint(reply.PipeID),
+			errfd:  errfd,
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -149,7 +168,7 @@ func (p *proxy) callReadAllBytes(method string, args []any) (rval any, buf []byt
 	}
 	fetchchan := make(chan byteFetch)
 	go func() {
-		manifestBytes, err := io.ReadAll(fd.fd)
+		manifestBytes, err := io.ReadAll(fd.datafd)
 		fetchchan <- byteFetch{
 			content: manifestBytes,
 			err:     err,
@@ -173,6 +192,80 @@ func (p *proxy) callReadAllBytes(method string, args []any) (rval any, buf []byt
 	return
 }
 
+type proxyError struct {
+	Code    string `json:"code"`
+	Message string `json:"message"`
+}
+
+func (p *proxy) callGetRawBlob(args []any) (rval any, buf []byte, err error) {
+	var fd *pipefd
+	rval, fd, err = p.call("GetRawBlob", args)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if fd == nil {
+		err = fmt.Errorf("Expected fds from method GetRawBlob")
+		return
+	}
+	if fd.errfd == nil {
+		err = fmt.Errorf("Expected errfd from method GetRawBlob")
+		return
+	}
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	fetchchan := make(chan byteFetch, 1)
+	errchan := make(chan proxyError, 1)
+	wg.Add(1)
+	go func() {
+		defer wg.Done()
+		defer close(fetchchan)
+		defer fd.datafd.Close()
+		buf, err := io.ReadAll(fd.datafd)
+		fetchchan <- byteFetch{
+			content: buf,
+			err:     err,
+		}
+
+	}()
+	wg.Add(1)
+	go func() {
+		defer wg.Done()
+		defer fd.errfd.Close()
+		defer close(errchan)
+		buf, err := io.ReadAll(fd.errfd)
+		var proxyErr proxyError
+		if err != nil {
+			proxyErr.Code = "read-from-proxy"
+			proxyErr.Message = err.Error()
+			errchan <- proxyErr
+			return
+		}
+		// No error, leave code+message unset
+		if len(buf) == 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		unmarshalErr := json.Unmarshal(buf, &proxyErr)
+		// Shouldn't happen
+		if unmarshalErr != nil {
+			panic(unmarshalErr)
+		}
+		errchan <- proxyErr
+	}()
+	wg.Wait()
+
+	errMsg := <-errchan
+	if errMsg.Code != "" {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("(%s) %s", errMsg.Code, errMsg.Message)
+	}
+	fetchRes := <-fetchchan
+	err = fetchRes.err
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	buf = fetchRes.content
+	return
+}
+
 func newProxy() (*proxy, error) {
 	fds, err := syscall.Socketpair(syscall.AF_LOCAL, syscall.SOCK_SEQPACKET, 0)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -229,7 +322,8 @@ type byteFetch struct {
 	err     error
 }
 
-func runTestGetManifestAndConfig(p *proxy, img string) error {
+// This exercises all the metadata fetching APIs.
+func runTestMetadataAPIs(p *proxy, img string) error {
 	v, err := p.callNoFd("OpenImage", []any{img})
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -291,6 +385,19 @@ func runTestGetManifestAndConfig(p *proxy, img string) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("No CMD or ENTRYPOINT set")
 	}
 
+	_, layerInfoBytes, err := p.callReadAllBytes("GetLayerInfoPiped", []any{imgid})
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	var layerInfoBytesData []interface{}
+	err = json.Unmarshal(layerInfoBytes, &layerInfoBytesData)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if len(layerInfoBytesData) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("expected layer info data")
+	}
+
 	// Also test this legacy interface
 	_, ctrconfigBytes, err := p.callReadAllBytes("GetConfig", []any{imgid})
 	if err != nil {
@@ -332,18 +439,57 @@ func runTestOpenImageOptionalNotFound(p *proxy, img string) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (s *proxySuite) TestProxy() {
+func runTestGetBlob(p *proxy, img string) error {
+	imgid, err := p.callNoFd("OpenImage", []any{img})
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	_, manifestBytes, err := p.callReadAllBytes("GetManifest", []any{imgid})
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	mfest, err := manifest.OCI1FromManifest(manifestBytes)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	for _, layer := range mfest.Layers {
+		_, blobBytes, err := p.callGetRawBlob([]any{imgid, layer.Digest})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if len(blobBytes) != int(layer.Size) {
+			panic(fmt.Sprintf("Expected %d bytes, got %d", layer.Size, len(blobBytes)))
+		}
+	}
+
+	// echo "not a valid layer" | sha256sum
+	invalidDigest := "sha256:21a9aab5a3494674d2b4d8e7381c236a799384dd10545531014606cf652c119f"
+
+	_, blobBytes, err := p.callGetRawBlob([]any{imgid, invalidDigest})
+	if err == nil {
+		panic("Expected error fetching invalid blob")
+	}
+	if blobBytes != nil {
+		panic("Expected no bytes fetching invalid blob")
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *proxySuite) TestProxyMetadata() {
 	t := s.T()
 	p, err := newProxy()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	err = runTestGetManifestAndConfig(p, knownNotManifestListedImageX8664)
+	err = runTestMetadataAPIs(p, knownNotManifestListedImageX8664)
 	if err != nil {
 		err = fmt.Errorf("Testing image %s: %v", knownNotManifestListedImageX8664, err)
 	}
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 
-	err = runTestGetManifestAndConfig(p, knownListImage)
+	err = runTestMetadataAPIs(p, knownListImage)
 	if err != nil {
 		err = fmt.Errorf("Testing image %s: %v", knownListImage, err)
 	}
@@ -355,3 +501,15 @@ func (s *proxySuite) TestProxy() {
 	}
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 }
+
+func (s *proxySuite) TestProxyGetBlob() {
+	t := s.T()
+	p, err := newProxy()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	err = runTestGetBlob(p, knownListImage)
+	if err != nil {
+		err = fmt.Errorf("Testing GetBLob for %s: %v", knownListImage, err)
+	}
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+}

integration/registry_test.go

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 const (
-	binaryV2        = "registry-v2"
+	binaryV2        = "registry"
 	binaryV2Schema1 = "registry-v2-schema1"
 )
 
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ func setupRegistryV2At(t *testing.T, url string, auth, schema1 bool) *testRegist
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	// Wait for registry to be ready to serve requests.
-	for i := 0; i != 50; i++ {
+	for range 50 {
 		if err = reg.Ping(); err == nil {
 			break
 		}

integration/utils_test.go

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ func consumeAndLogOutputs(t *testing.T, id string, cmd *exec.Cmd) {
 }
 
 // combinedOutputOfCommand runs a command as if exec.Command().CombinedOutput(), verifies that the exit status is 0, and returns the output,
-// or terminates c on failure.
+// or terminates t on failure.
 func combinedOutputOfCommand(t *testing.T, name string, args ...string) string {
 	t.Logf("Running %s %s", name, strings.Join(args, " "))
 	out, err := exec.Command(name, args...).CombinedOutput()
@@ -64,8 +64,7 @@ func combinedOutputOfCommand(t *testing.T, name string, args ...string) string {
 }
 
 // assertSkopeoSucceeds runs a skopeo command as if exec.Command().CombinedOutput, verifies that the exit status is 0,
-// and optionally that the output matches a multi-line regexp if it is nonempty;
-// or terminates c on failure
+// and optionally that the output matches a multi-line regexp if it is nonempty
 func assertSkopeoSucceeds(t *testing.T, regexp string, args ...string) {
 	t.Logf("Running %s %s", skopeoBinary, strings.Join(args, " "))
 	out, err := exec.Command(skopeoBinary, args...).CombinedOutput()
@@ -75,9 +74,8 @@ func assertSkopeoSucceeds(t *testing.T, regexp string, args ...string) {
 	}
 }
 
-// assertSkopeoFails runs a skopeo command as if exec.Command().CombinedOutput, verifies that the exit status is 0,
-// and that the output matches a multi-line regexp;
-// or terminates c on failure
+// assertSkopeoFails runs a skopeo command as if exec.Command().CombinedOutput, verifies that the exit status is not 0,
+// and that the output matches a multi-line regexp
 func assertSkopeoFails(t *testing.T, regexp string, args ...string) {
 	t.Logf("Running %s %s", skopeoBinary, strings.Join(args, " "))
 	out, err := exec.Command(skopeoBinary, args...).CombinedOutput()
@@ -85,15 +83,25 @@ func assertSkopeoFails(t *testing.T, regexp string, args ...string) {
 	assert.Regexp(t, "(?s)"+regexp, string(out)) // (?s) : '.' will also match newlines
 }
 
+// assertSkopeoFailsWithStatus runs a skopeo command as if exec.Command().CombinedOutput,
+// and verifies that it fails with a specific exit status.
+func assertSkopeoFailsWithStatus(t *testing.T, status int, args ...string) {
+	t.Logf("Running %s %s", skopeoBinary, strings.Join(args, " "))
+	_, err := exec.Command(skopeoBinary, args...).CombinedOutput()
+	var exitErr *exec.ExitError
+	require.ErrorAs(t, err, &exitErr)
+	assert.Equal(t, status, exitErr.ExitCode())
+}
+
 // runCommandWithInput runs a command as if exec.Command(), sending it the input to stdin,
-// and verifies that the exit status is 0, or terminates c on failure.
+// and verifies that the exit status is 0, or terminates t on failure.
 func runCommandWithInput(t *testing.T, input string, name string, args ...string) {
 	cmd := exec.Command(name, args...)
 	runExecCmdWithInput(t, cmd, input)
 }
 
 // runExecCmdWithInput runs an exec.Cmd, sending it the input to stdin,
-// and verifies that the exit status is 0, or terminates c on failure.
+// and verifies that the exit status is 0, or terminates t on failure.
 func runExecCmdWithInput(t *testing.T, cmd *exec.Cmd, input string) {
 	t.Logf("Running %s %s", cmd.Path, strings.Join(cmd.Args, " "))
 	consumeAndLogOutputs(t, cmd.Path+" "+strings.Join(cmd.Args, " "), cmd)
@@ -166,8 +174,8 @@ func modifyEnviron(env []string, name, value string) []string {
 	return append(res, prefix+value)
 }
 
-// fileFromFixture applies edits to inputPath and returns a path to the temporary file.
-// Callers should defer os.Remove(the_returned_path)
+// fileFromFixture applies edits to inputPath and returns a path to the temporary file with the edits,
+// which will be automatically removed when the test completes.
 func fileFromFixture(t *testing.T, inputPath string, edits map[string]string) string {
 	contents, err := os.ReadFile(inputPath)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
@@ -180,6 +188,7 @@ func fileFromFixture(t *testing.T, inputPath string, edits map[string]string) st
 	file, err := os.CreateTemp("", "policy.json")
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	path := file.Name()
+	t.Cleanup(func() { os.Remove(path) })
 
 	_, err = file.Write(contents)
 	require.NoError(t, err)

plans/main.fmf

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+discover:
+    how: fmf
+execute:
+    how: tmt
+prepare:
+    - when: distro == centos-stream or distro == rhel
+      how: shell
+      script: |
+        # Install bats
+        # https://bats-core.readthedocs.io/en/stable/installation.html
+        BATS_VERSION=1.12.0
+        curl -L https://github.com/bats-core/bats-core/archive/refs/tags/v"$BATS_VERSION".tar.gz | tar -xz
+        pushd bats-core-"$BATS_VERSION"
+        ./install.sh /usr
+        popd
+        rm -rf bats-core-"$BATS_VERSION"
+      order: 10
+    - when: initiator == packit
+      how: shell
+      script: |
+        COPR_REPO_FILE="/etc/yum.repos.d/*podman-next*.repo"
+        if compgen -G $COPR_REPO_FILE > /dev/null; then
+            sed -i -n '/^priority=/!p;$apriority=1' $COPR_REPO_FILE
+        fi
+        dnf -y upgrade --allowerasing
+      order: 20

rpm/gating.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+--- !Policy
+product_versions:
+  - fedora-*
+decision_contexts:
+  - bodhi_update_push_stable
+  - bodhi_update_push_testing
+subject_type: koji_build
+rules:
+  - !PassingTestCaseRule {test_case_name: fedora-ci.koji-build.tier0.functional}
+
+--- !Policy
+product_versions:
+  - rhel-*
+decision_context: osci_compose_gate
+rules:
+  - !PassingTestCaseRule {test_case_name: osci.brew-build.tier0.functional}

rpm/skopeo.spec

@@ -7,15 +7,6 @@
 %global debug_package %{nil}
 %endif
 
-# RHEL's default %%gobuild macro doesn't account for the BUILDTAGS variable, so we
-# set it separately here and do not depend on RHEL's go-[s]rpm-macros package
-# until that's fixed.
-# c9s bz: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2227328
-# c8s bz: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2227331
-%if %{defined rhel}
-%define gobuild(o:) go build -buildmode pie -compiler gc -tags="rpm_crashtraceback libtrust_openssl ${BUILDTAGS:-}" -ldflags "-linkmode=external -compressdwarf=false ${LDFLAGS:-} -B 0x$(head -c20 /dev/urandom|od -An -tx1|tr -d ' \\n') -extldflags '%__global_ldflags'" -a -v -x %{?**};
-%endif
-
 %global gomodulesmode GO111MODULE=on
 
 # No btrfs on RHEL
@@ -23,10 +14,15 @@
 %define build_with_btrfs 1
 %endif
 
+%if %{defined rhel}
+%define fips 1
+%endif
+
 # Only used in official koji builds
 # Copr builds set a separate epoch for all environments
 %if %{defined fedora}
 %define conditional_epoch 1
+%define fakeroot 1
 %else
 %define conditional_epoch 2
 %endif
@@ -67,22 +63,24 @@ BuildRequires: go-rpm-macros
 %endif
 BuildRequires: gpgme-devel
 BuildRequires: libassuan-devel
-BuildRequires: ostree-devel
 BuildRequires: glib2-devel
 BuildRequires: make
 BuildRequires: shadow-utils-subid-devel
+BuildRequires: sqlite-devel
 Requires: containers-common >= 4:1-21
 
 %description
 Command line utility to inspect images and repositories directly on Docker
 registries without the need to pull them
 
+# NOTE: The tests subpackage is only intended for testing and will not be supported
+# for end-users and/or customers.
 %package tests
 Summary: Tests for %{name}
 
 Requires: %{name} = %{epoch}:%{version}-%{release}
-%if %{defined fedora}
-Requires: bats
+%if %{defined fakeroot}
+Requires: fakeroot
 %endif
 Requires: gnupg
 Requires: jq
@@ -91,8 +89,9 @@ Requires: podman
 Requires: crun
 Requires: httpd-tools
 Requires: openssl
-Requires: fakeroot
 Requires: squashfs-tools
+# bats is not present on RHEL and ELN so it shouldn't be a strong dep
+Recommends: bats
 
 %description tests
 %{summary}
@@ -120,11 +119,15 @@ CGO_CFLAGS=$(echo $CGO_CFLAGS | sed 's/-specs=\/usr\/lib\/rpm\/redhat\/redhat-an
 export CGO_CFLAGS="$CGO_CFLAGS -m64 -mtune=generic -fcf-protection=full"
 %endif
 
-BASEBUILDTAGS="$(hack/libsubid_tag.sh)"
+BASEBUILDTAGS="$(hack/libsubid_tag.sh) libsqlite3"
 %if %{defined build_with_btrfs}
-export BUILDTAGS="$BASEBUILDTAGS $(hack/btrfs_tag.sh) $(hack/btrfs_installed_tag.sh)"
+export BUILDTAGS="$BASEBUILDTAGS $(hack/btrfs_installed_tag.sh)"
 %else
-export BUILDTAGS="$BASEBUILDTAGS btrfs_noversion exclude_graphdriver_btrfs"
+export BUILDTAGS="$BASEBUILDTAGS exclude_graphdriver_btrfs"
+%endif
+
+%if %{defined fips}
+export BUILDTAGS="$BUILDTAGS libtrust_openssl"
 %endif
 
 # unset LDFLAGS earlier set from set_build_flags
@@ -146,6 +149,10 @@ cp -pav systemtest/* %{buildroot}/%{_datadir}/%{name}/test/system/
 #define license tag if not already defined
 %{!?_licensedir:%global license %doc}
 
+# Include this to silence rpmlint.
+# Especially annoying if you use syntastic vim plugin.
+%check
+
 %files
 %license LICENSE
 %doc README.md

systemtest/001-basic.bats

@@ -16,4 +16,30 @@ function setup() {
     expect_output --substring "skopeo version [0-9.]+"
 }
 
+@test "skopeo release isn't a development version" {
+    [[ "${RELEASE_TESTING:-false}" == "true" ]] || \
+      skip "Release testing may be enabled by setting \$RELEASE_TESTING = 'true'."
+
+    run_skopeo --version
+
+    # expect_output() doesn't support negative matching
+    if [[ "$output" =~ "dev" ]]; then
+        # This is a multi-line message, which may in turn contain multi-line
+        # output, so let's format it ourselves, readably
+        local -a output_split
+        readarray -t output_split <<<"$output"
+        printf "#/vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv\n"  >&2
+        printf "#|       FAIL: $BATS_TEST_NAME\n"                   >&2
+        printf "#| unexpected: 'dev'\n"                             >&2
+        printf "#|     actual: '%s'\n" "${output_split[0]}"         >&2
+        local line
+        for line in "${output_split[@]:1}"; do
+            printf "#|           > '%s'\n" "$line"                  >&2
+        done
+        printf "#\\^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^\n" >&2
+        false
+    fi
+}
+
+
 # vim: filetype=sh

systemtest/010-inspect.bats

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ load helpers
     # the output of 'inspect' lists layer digests,
     # but not the digest of the config blob ($config_digest), if any.
     layers=$(jq -r '.Layers' <<<"$inspect_local")
-    for sha in $(find $workdir -type f | xargs -l1 basename | egrep '^[0-9a-f]{64}$'); do
+    for sha in $(find $workdir -type f | xargs -l1 basename | grep -E '^[0-9a-f]{64}$'); do
         if [ "sha256:$sha" != "$config_digest" ]; then
             expect_output --from="$layers" --substring "sha256:$sha" \
                         "Locally-extracted SHA file is present in 'inspect'"
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ END_EXPECT
 @test "inspect: image unknown" {
     # non existing image
     run_skopeo 2 inspect containers-storage:non-existing-tag
-    expect_output --substring "identifier is not an image" \
+    expect_output --substring "does not resolve to an image ID" \
 		  "skopeo inspect containers-storage:010101010101"
 }
 

systemtest/helpers.bash

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ SKOPEO_BINARY=${SKOPEO_BINARY:-${TEST_SOURCE_DIR}/../bin/skopeo}
 SKOPEO_TIMEOUT=${SKOPEO_TIMEOUT:-300}
 
 # Default image to run as a local registry
-REGISTRY_FQIN=${SKOPEO_TEST_REGISTRY_FQIN:-quay.io/libpod/registry:2}
+REGISTRY_FQIN=${SKOPEO_TEST_REGISTRY_FQIN:-quay.io/libpod/registry:2.8.2}
 
 ###############################################################################
 # BEGIN setup/teardown
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ start_registry() {
             die "start_registry() invoked with testuser but no testpassword"
         fi
 
-        if ! egrep -q "^$testuser:" $AUTHDIR/htpasswd; then
+        if ! grep -E -q "^$testuser:" $AUTHDIR/htpasswd; then
             htpasswd -Bbn $testuser $testpassword >> $AUTHDIR/htpasswd
         fi
 

systemtest/tmt/main.fmf

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+require:
+    - skopeo-tests
+
+environment:
+    SKOPEO_BINARY: /usr/bin/skopeo
+
+adjust:
+    - when: initiator != "packit"
+      environment+:
+        RELEASE_TESTING: true
+
+summary: System test
+test: bash ./test.sh
+duration: 60m

systemtest/tmt/test.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+set -exo pipefail
+
+uname -r
+
+rpm -q \
+    bats \
+    containers-common \
+    skopeo \
+    skopeo-tests \
+
+bats /usr/share/skopeo/test/system

vendor/dario.cat/mergo/.gitignore

@@ -13,6 +13,9 @@
 # Output of the go coverage tool, specifically when used with LiteIDE
 *.out
 
+# Golang/Intellij
+.idea
+
 # Project-local glide cache, RE: https://github.com/Masterminds/glide/issues/736
 .glide/
 

vendor/dario.cat/mergo/FUNDING.json

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{
+  "drips": {
+    "ethereum": {
+      "ownedBy": "0x6160020e7102237aC41bdb156e94401692D76930"
+    }
+  }
+}

vendor/dario.cat/mergo/README.md

@@ -44,13 +44,21 @@ Also a lovely [comune](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mergo) (municipality) in the
 
 ## Status
 
-It is ready for production use. [It is used in several projects by Docker, Google, The Linux Foundation, VMWare, Shopify, Microsoft, etc](https://github.com/imdario/mergo#mergo-in-the-wild).
+Mergo is stable and frozen, ready for production. Check a short list of the projects using at large scale it [here](https://github.com/imdario/mergo#mergo-in-the-wild).
+
+No new features are accepted. They will be considered for a future v2 that improves the implementation and fixes bugs for corner cases.
 
 ### Important notes
 
 #### 1.0.0
 
-In [1.0.0](//github.com/imdario/mergo/releases/tag/1.0.0) Mergo moves to a vanity URL `dario.cat/mergo`.
+In [1.0.0](//github.com/imdario/mergo/releases/tag/1.0.0) Mergo moves to a vanity URL `dario.cat/mergo`. No more v1 versions will be released.
+
+If the vanity URL is causing issues in your project due to a dependency pulling Mergo - it isn't a direct dependency in your project - it is recommended to use [replace](https://github.com/golang/go/wiki/Modules#when-should-i-use-the-replace-directive) to pin the version to the last one with the old import URL:
+
+```
+replace github.com/imdario/mergo => github.com/imdario/mergo v0.3.16
+```
 
 #### 0.3.9
 
@@ -64,55 +72,23 @@ If you were using Mergo before April 6th, 2015, please check your project works
 
 If Mergo is useful to you, consider buying me a coffee, a beer, or making a monthly donation to allow me to keep building great free software. :heart_eyes:
 
-<a href='https://ko-fi.com/B0B58839' target='_blank'><img height='36' style='border:0px;height:36px;' src='https://az743702.vo.msecnd.net/cdn/kofi1.png?v=0' border='0' alt='Buy Me a Coffee at ko-fi.com' /></a>
 <a href="https://liberapay.com/dario/donate"><img alt="Donate using Liberapay" src="https://liberapay.com/assets/widgets/donate.svg"></a>
 <a href='https://github.com/sponsors/imdario' target='_blank'><img alt="Become my sponsor" src="https://img.shields.io/github/sponsors/imdario?style=for-the-badge" /></a>
 
 ### Mergo in the wild
 
-- [moby/moby](https://github.com/moby/moby)
-- [kubernetes/kubernetes](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes)
-- [vmware/dispatch](https://github.com/vmware/dispatch)
-- [Shopify/themekit](https://github.com/Shopify/themekit)
-- [imdario/zas](https://github.com/imdario/zas)
-- [matcornic/hermes](https://github.com/matcornic/hermes)
-- [OpenBazaar/openbazaar-go](https://github.com/OpenBazaar/openbazaar-go)
-- [kataras/iris](https://github.com/kataras/iris)
-- [michaelsauter/crane](https://github.com/michaelsauter/crane)
-- [go-task/task](https://github.com/go-task/task)
-- [sensu/uchiwa](https://github.com/sensu/uchiwa)
-- [ory/hydra](https://github.com/ory/hydra)
-- [sisatech/vcli](https://github.com/sisatech/vcli)
-- [dairycart/dairycart](https://github.com/dairycart/dairycart)
-- [projectcalico/felix](https://github.com/projectcalico/felix)
-- [resin-os/balena](https://github.com/resin-os/balena)
-- [go-kivik/kivik](https://github.com/go-kivik/kivik)
-- [Telefonica/govice](https://github.com/Telefonica/govice)
-- [supergiant/supergiant](supergiant/supergiant)
-- [SergeyTsalkov/brooce](https://github.com/SergeyTsalkov/brooce)
-- [soniah/dnsmadeeasy](https://github.com/soniah/dnsmadeeasy)
-- [ohsu-comp-bio/funnel](https://github.com/ohsu-comp-bio/funnel)
-- [EagerIO/Stout](https://github.com/EagerIO/Stout)
-- [lynndylanhurley/defsynth-api](https://github.com/lynndylanhurley/defsynth-api)
-- [russross/canvasassignments](https://github.com/russross/canvasassignments)
-- [rdegges/cryptly-api](https://github.com/rdegges/cryptly-api)
-- [casualjim/exeggutor](https://github.com/casualjim/exeggutor)
-- [divshot/gitling](https://github.com/divshot/gitling)
-- [RWJMurphy/gorl](https://github.com/RWJMurphy/gorl)
-- [andrerocker/deploy42](https://github.com/andrerocker/deploy42)
-- [elwinar/rambler](https://github.com/elwinar/rambler)
-- [tmaiaroto/gopartman](https://github.com/tmaiaroto/gopartman)
-- [jfbus/impressionist](https://github.com/jfbus/impressionist)
-- [Jmeyering/zealot](https://github.com/Jmeyering/zealot)
-- [godep-migrator/rigger-host](https://github.com/godep-migrator/rigger-host)
-- [Dronevery/MultiwaySwitch-Go](https://github.com/Dronevery/MultiwaySwitch-Go)
-- [thoas/picfit](https://github.com/thoas/picfit)
-- [mantasmatelis/whooplist-server](https://github.com/mantasmatelis/whooplist-server)
-- [jnuthong/item_search](https://github.com/jnuthong/item_search)
-- [bukalapak/snowboard](https://github.com/bukalapak/snowboard)
-- [containerssh/containerssh](https://github.com/containerssh/containerssh)
-- [goreleaser/goreleaser](https://github.com/goreleaser/goreleaser)
-- [tjpnz/structbot](https://github.com/tjpnz/structbot)
+Mergo is used by [thousands](https://deps.dev/go/dario.cat%2Fmergo/v1.0.0/dependents) [of](https://deps.dev/go/github.com%2Fimdario%2Fmergo/v0.3.16/dependents) [projects](https://deps.dev/go/github.com%2Fimdario%2Fmergo/v0.3.12), including:
+
+* [containerd/containerd](https://github.com/containerd/containerd)
+* [datadog/datadog-agent](https://github.com/datadog/datadog-agent)
+* [docker/cli/](https://github.com/docker/cli/)
+* [goreleaser/goreleaser](https://github.com/goreleaser/goreleaser)
+* [go-micro/go-micro](https://github.com/go-micro/go-micro)
+* [grafana/loki](https://github.com/grafana/loki)
+* [masterminds/sprig](github.com/Masterminds/sprig)
+* [moby/moby](https://github.com/moby/moby)
+* [slackhq/nebula](https://github.com/slackhq/nebula)
+* [volcano-sh/volcano](https://github.com/volcano-sh/volcano)
 
 ## Install
 
@@ -141,6 +117,39 @@ if err := mergo.Merge(&dst, src, mergo.WithOverride); err != nil {
 }
 ```
 
+If you need to override pointers, so the source pointer's value is assigned to the destination's pointer, you must use `WithoutDereference`:
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"dario.cat/mergo"
+)
+
+type Foo struct {
+	A *string
+	B int64
+}
+
+func main() {
+	first := "first"
+	second := "second"
+	src := Foo{
+		A: &first,
+		B: 2,
+	}
+
+	dest := Foo{
+		A: &second,
+		B: 1,
+	}
+
+	mergo.Merge(&dest, src, mergo.WithOverride, mergo.WithoutDereference)
+}
+```
+
 Additionally, you can map a `map[string]interface{}` to a struct (and otherwise, from struct to map), following the same restrictions as in `Merge()`. Keys are capitalized to find each corresponding exported field.
 
 ```go
@@ -181,10 +190,6 @@ func main() {
 }
 ```
 
-Note: if test are failing due missing package, please execute:
-
-    go get gopkg.in/yaml.v3
-
 ### Transformers
 
 Transformers allow to merge specific types differently than in the default behavior. In other words, now you can customize how some types are merged. For example, `time.Time` is a struct; it doesn't have zero value but IsZero can return true because it has fields with zero value. How can we merge a non-zero `time.Time`?

vendor/dario.cat/mergo/SECURITY.md

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@
 
 | Version | Supported          |
 | ------- | ------------------ |
-| 0.3.x   | :white_check_mark: |
-| < 0.3   | :x:                |
+| 1.x.x   | :white_check_mark: |
+| < 1.0   | :x:                |
 
 ## Security contact information
 

vendor/dario.cat/mergo/map.go

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ func deepMap(dst, src reflect.Value, visited map[uintptr]*visit, depth int, conf
 			}
 			fieldName := field.Name
 			fieldName = changeInitialCase(fieldName, unicode.ToLower)
-			if v, ok := dstMap[fieldName]; !ok || (isEmptyValue(reflect.ValueOf(v), !config.ShouldNotDereference) || overwrite) {
+			if _, ok := dstMap[fieldName]; !ok || (!isEmptyValue(reflect.ValueOf(src.Field(i).Interface()), !config.ShouldNotDereference) && overwrite) || config.overwriteWithEmptyValue {
 				dstMap[fieldName] = src.Field(i).Interface()
 			}
 		}

vendor/dario.cat/mergo/merge.go

@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ func deepMerge(dst, src reflect.Value, visited map[uintptr]*visit, depth int, co
 					if err = deepMerge(dst.Elem(), src.Elem(), visited, depth+1, config); err != nil {
 						return
 					}
-				} else {
+				} else if src.Elem().Kind() != reflect.Struct {
 					if overwriteWithEmptySrc || (overwrite && !src.IsNil()) || dst.IsNil() {
 						dst.Set(src)
 					}

vendor/github.com/BurntSushi/toml/README.md

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ reflection interface similar to Go's standard library `json` and `xml` packages.
 
 Compatible with TOML version [v1.0.0](https://toml.io/en/v1.0.0).
 
-Documentation: https://godocs.io/github.com/BurntSushi/toml
+Documentation: https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/BurntSushi/toml
 
 See the [releases page](https://github.com/BurntSushi/toml/releases) for a
 changelog; this information is also in the git tag annotations (e.g. `git show

vendor/github.com/BurntSushi/toml/decode.go

@@ -196,6 +196,19 @@ func (md *MetaData) PrimitiveDecode(primValue Primitive, v any) error {
 	return md.unify(primValue.undecoded, rvalue(v))
 }
 
+// markDecodedRecursive is a helper to mark any key under the given tmap as
+// decoded, recursing as needed
+func markDecodedRecursive(md *MetaData, tmap map[string]any) {
+	for key := range tmap {
+		md.decoded[md.context.add(key).String()] = struct{}{}
+		if tmap, ok := tmap[key].(map[string]any); ok {
+			md.context = append(md.context, key)
+			markDecodedRecursive(md, tmap)
+			md.context = md.context[0 : len(md.context)-1]
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 // unify performs a sort of type unification based on the structure of `rv`,
 // which is the client representation.
 //
@@ -222,6 +235,16 @@ func (md *MetaData) unify(data any, rv reflect.Value) error {
 		if err != nil {
 			return md.parseErr(err)
 		}
+		// Assume the Unmarshaler decoded everything, so mark all keys under
+		// this table as decoded.
+		if tmap, ok := data.(map[string]any); ok {
+			markDecodedRecursive(md, tmap)
+		}
+		if aot, ok := data.([]map[string]any); ok {
+			for _, tmap := range aot {
+				markDecodedRecursive(md, tmap)
+			}
+		}
 		return nil
 	}
 	if v, ok := rvi.(encoding.TextUnmarshaler); ok {
@@ -540,12 +563,14 @@ func (md *MetaData) badtype(dst string, data any) error {
 
 func (md *MetaData) parseErr(err error) error {
 	k := md.context.String()
+	d := string(md.data)
 	return ParseError{
-		LastKey:  k,
-		Position: md.keyInfo[k].pos,
-		Line:     md.keyInfo[k].pos.Line,
+		Message:  err.Error(),
 		err:      err,
-		input:    string(md.data),
+		LastKey:  k,
+		Position: md.keyInfo[k].pos.withCol(d),
+		Line:     md.keyInfo[k].pos.Line,
+		input:    d,
 	}
 }
 

vendor/github.com/BurntSushi/toml/encode.go

@@ -402,31 +402,30 @@ func (enc *Encoder) eMap(key Key, rv reflect.Value, inline bool) {
 
 	// Sort keys so that we have deterministic output. And write keys directly
 	// underneath this key first, before writing sub-structs or sub-maps.
-	var mapKeysDirect, mapKeysSub []string
+	var mapKeysDirect, mapKeysSub []reflect.Value
 	for _, mapKey := range rv.MapKeys() {
-		k := mapKey.String()
 		if typeIsTable(tomlTypeOfGo(eindirect(rv.MapIndex(mapKey)))) {
-			mapKeysSub = append(mapKeysSub, k)
+			mapKeysSub = append(mapKeysSub, mapKey)
 		} else {
-			mapKeysDirect = append(mapKeysDirect, k)
+			mapKeysDirect = append(mapKeysDirect, mapKey)
 		}
 	}
 
-	var writeMapKeys = func(mapKeys []string, trailC bool) {
-		sort.Strings(mapKeys)
+	writeMapKeys := func(mapKeys []reflect.Value, trailC bool) {
+		sort.Slice(mapKeys, func(i, j int) bool { return mapKeys[i].String() < mapKeys[j].String() })
 		for i, mapKey := range mapKeys {
-			val := eindirect(rv.MapIndex(reflect.ValueOf(mapKey)))
+			val := eindirect(rv.MapIndex(mapKey))
 			if isNil(val) {
 				continue
 			}
 
 			if inline {
-				enc.writeKeyValue(Key{mapKey}, val, true)
+				enc.writeKeyValue(Key{mapKey.String()}, val, true)
 				if trailC || i != len(mapKeys)-1 {
 					enc.wf(", ")
 				}
 			} else {
-				enc.encode(key.add(mapKey), val)
+				enc.encode(key.add(mapKey.String()), val)
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -441,8 +440,6 @@ func (enc *Encoder) eMap(key Key, rv reflect.Value, inline bool) {
 	}
 }
 
-const is32Bit = (32 << (^uint(0) >> 63)) == 32
-
 func pointerTo(t reflect.Type) reflect.Type {
 	if t.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
 		return pointerTo(t.Elem())
@@ -477,15 +474,14 @@ func (enc *Encoder) eStruct(key Key, rv reflect.Value, inline bool) {
 
 			frv := eindirect(rv.Field(i))
 
-			if is32Bit {
-				// Copy so it works correct on 32bit archs; not clear why this
-				// is needed. See #314, and https://www.reddit.com/r/golang/comments/pnx8v4
-				// This also works fine on 64bit, but 32bit archs are somewhat
-				// rare and this is a wee bit faster.
-				copyStart := make([]int, len(start))
-				copy(copyStart, start)
-				start = copyStart
-			}
+			// Need to make a copy because ... ehm, I don't know why... I guess
+			// allocating a new array can cause it to fail(?)
+			//
+			// Done for: https://github.com/BurntSushi/toml/issues/430
+			// Previously only on 32bit for: https://github.com/BurntSushi/toml/issues/314
+			copyStart := make([]int, len(start))
+			copy(copyStart, start)
+			start = copyStart
 
 			// Treat anonymous struct fields with tag names as though they are
 			// not anonymous, like encoding/json does.
@@ -507,7 +503,7 @@ func (enc *Encoder) eStruct(key Key, rv reflect.Value, inline bool) {
 	}
 	addFields(rt, rv, nil)
 
-	writeFields := func(fields [][]int) {
+	writeFields := func(fields [][]int, totalFields int) {
 		for _, fieldIndex := range fields {
 			fieldType := rt.FieldByIndex(fieldIndex)
 			fieldVal := rv.FieldByIndex(fieldIndex)
@@ -537,7 +533,7 @@ func (enc *Encoder) eStruct(key Key, rv reflect.Value, inline bool) {
 
 			if inline {
 				enc.writeKeyValue(Key{keyName}, fieldVal, true)
-				if fieldIndex[0] != len(fields)-1 {
+				if fieldIndex[0] != totalFields-1 {
 					enc.wf(", ")
 				}
 			} else {
@@ -549,8 +545,10 @@ func (enc *Encoder) eStruct(key Key, rv reflect.Value, inline bool) {
 	if inline {
 		enc.wf("{")
 	}
-	writeFields(fieldsDirect)
-	writeFields(fieldsSub)
+
+	l := len(fieldsDirect) + len(fieldsSub)
+	writeFields(fieldsDirect, l)
+	writeFields(fieldsSub, l)
 	if inline {
 		enc.wf("}")
 	}

vendor/github.com/BurntSushi/toml/error.go

@@ -67,21 +67,36 @@ type ParseError struct {
 // Position of an error.
 type Position struct {
 	Line  int // Line number, starting at 1.
+	Col   int // Error column, starting at 1.
 	Start int // Start of error, as byte offset starting at 0.
-	Len   int // Lenght in bytes.
+	Len   int // Length of the error in bytes.
+}
+
+func (p Position) withCol(tomlFile string) Position {
+	var (
+		pos   int
+		lines = strings.Split(tomlFile, "\n")
+	)
+	for i := range lines {
+		ll := len(lines[i]) + 1 // +1 for the removed newline
+		if pos+ll >= p.Start {
+			p.Col = p.Start - pos + 1
+			if p.Col < 1 { // Should never happen, but just in case.
+				p.Col = 1
+			}
+			break
+		}
+		pos += ll
+	}
+	return p
 }
 
 func (pe ParseError) Error() string {
-	msg := pe.Message
-	if msg == "" { // Error from errorf()
-		msg = pe.err.Error()
-	}
-
 	if pe.LastKey == "" {
-		return fmt.Sprintf("toml: line %d: %s", pe.Position.Line, msg)
+		return fmt.Sprintf("toml: line %d: %s", pe.Position.Line, pe.Message)
 	}
 	return fmt.Sprintf("toml: line %d (last key %q): %s",
-		pe.Position.Line, pe.LastKey, msg)
+		pe.Position.Line, pe.LastKey, pe.Message)
 }
 
 // ErrorWithPosition returns the error with detailed location context.
@@ -92,26 +107,19 @@ func (pe ParseError) ErrorWithPosition() string {
 		return pe.Error()
 	}
 
-	var (
-		lines = strings.Split(pe.input, "\n")
-		col   = pe.column(lines)
-		b     = new(strings.Builder)
-	)
-
-	msg := pe.Message
-	if msg == "" {
-		msg = pe.err.Error()
-	}
-
 	// TODO: don't show control characters as literals? This may not show up
 	// well everywhere.
 
+	var (
+		lines = strings.Split(pe.input, "\n")
+		b     = new(strings.Builder)
+	)
 	if pe.Position.Len == 1 {
 		fmt.Fprintf(b, "toml: error: %s\n\nAt line %d, column %d:\n\n",
-			msg, pe.Position.Line, col+1)
+			pe.Message, pe.Position.Line, pe.Position.Col)
 	} else {
 		fmt.Fprintf(b, "toml: error: %s\n\nAt line %d, column %d-%d:\n\n",
-			msg, pe.Position.Line, col, col+pe.Position.Len)
+			pe.Message, pe.Position.Line, pe.Position.Col, pe.Position.Col+pe.Position.Len-1)
 	}
 	if pe.Position.Line > 2 {
 		fmt.Fprintf(b, "% 7d | %s\n", pe.Position.Line-2, expandTab(lines[pe.Position.Line-3]))
@@ -129,7 +137,7 @@ func (pe ParseError) ErrorWithPosition() string {
 	diff := len(expanded) - len(lines[pe.Position.Line-1])
 
 	fmt.Fprintf(b, "% 7d | %s\n", pe.Position.Line, expanded)
-	fmt.Fprintf(b, "% 10s%s%s\n", "", strings.Repeat(" ", col+diff), strings.Repeat("^", pe.Position.Len))
+	fmt.Fprintf(b, "% 10s%s%s\n", "", strings.Repeat(" ", pe.Position.Col-1+diff), strings.Repeat("^", pe.Position.Len))
 	return b.String()
 }
 
@@ -151,23 +159,6 @@ func (pe ParseError) ErrorWithUsage() string {
 	return m
 }
 
-func (pe ParseError) column(lines []string) int {
-	var pos, col int
-	for i := range lines {
-		ll := len(lines[i]) + 1 // +1 for the removed newline
-		if pos+ll >= pe.Position.Start {
-			col = pe.Position.Start - pos
-			if col < 0 { // Should never happen, but just in case.
-				col = 0
-			}
-			break
-		}
-		pos += ll
-	}
-
-	return col
-}
-
 func expandTab(s string) string {
 	var (
 		b    strings.Builder

vendor/github.com/BurntSushi/toml/lex.go

@@ -275,7 +275,9 @@ func (lx *lexer) errorPos(start, length int, err error) stateFn {
 func (lx *lexer) errorf(format string, values ...any) stateFn {
 	if lx.atEOF {
 		pos := lx.getPos()
-		pos.Line--
+		if lx.pos >= 1 && lx.input[lx.pos-1] == '\n' {
+			pos.Line--
+		}
 		pos.Len = 1
 		pos.Start = lx.pos - 1
 		lx.items <- item{typ: itemError, pos: pos, err: fmt.Errorf(format, values...)}
@@ -492,6 +494,9 @@ func lexKeyEnd(lx *lexer) stateFn {
 		lx.emit(itemKeyEnd)
 		return lexSkip(lx, lexValue)
 	default:
+		if r == '\n' {
+			return lx.errorPrevLine(fmt.Errorf("expected '.' or '=', but got %q instead", r))
+		}
 		return lx.errorf("expected '.' or '=', but got %q instead", r)
 	}
 }
@@ -560,6 +565,9 @@ func lexValue(lx *lexer) stateFn {
 	if r == eof {
 		return lx.errorf("unexpected EOF; expected value")
 	}
+	if r == '\n' {
+		return lx.errorPrevLine(fmt.Errorf("expected value but found %q instead", r))
+	}
 	return lx.errorf("expected value but found %q instead", r)
 }
 
@@ -1111,7 +1119,7 @@ func lexBaseNumberOrDate(lx *lexer) stateFn {
 	case 'x':
 		r = lx.peek()
 		if !isHex(r) {
-			lx.errorf("not a hexidecimal number: '%s%c'", lx.current(), r)
+			lx.errorf("not a hexadecimal number: '%s%c'", lx.current(), r)
 		}
 		return lexHexInteger
 	}
@@ -1259,23 +1267,6 @@ func isBinary(r rune) bool { return r == '0' || r == '1' }
 func isOctal(r rune) bool  { return r >= '0' && r <= '7' }
 func isHex(r rune) bool    { return (r >= '0' && r <= '9') || (r|0x20 >= 'a' && r|0x20 <= 'f') }
 func isBareKeyChar(r rune, tomlNext bool) bool {
-	if tomlNext {
-		return (r >= 'A' && r <= 'Z') ||
-			(r >= 'a' && r <= 'z') ||
-			(r >= '0' && r <= '9') ||
-			r == '_' || r == '-' ||
-			r == 0xb2 || r == 0xb3 || r == 0xb9 || (r >= 0xbc && r <= 0xbe) ||
-			(r >= 0xc0 && r <= 0xd6) || (r >= 0xd8 && r <= 0xf6) || (r >= 0xf8 && r <= 0x037d) ||
-			(r >= 0x037f && r <= 0x1fff) ||
-			(r >= 0x200c && r <= 0x200d) || (r >= 0x203f && r <= 0x2040) ||
-			(r >= 0x2070 && r <= 0x218f) || (r >= 0x2460 && r <= 0x24ff) ||
-			(r >= 0x2c00 && r <= 0x2fef) || (r >= 0x3001 && r <= 0xd7ff) ||
-			(r >= 0xf900 && r <= 0xfdcf) || (r >= 0xfdf0 && r <= 0xfffd) ||
-			(r >= 0x10000 && r <= 0xeffff)
-	}
-
-	return (r >= 'A' && r <= 'Z') ||
-		(r >= 'a' && r <= 'z') ||
-		(r >= '0' && r <= '9') ||
-		r == '_' || r == '-'
+	return (r >= 'A' && r <= 'Z') || (r >= 'a' && r <= 'z') ||
+		(r >= '0' && r <= '9') || r == '_' || r == '-'
 }

vendor/github.com/BurntSushi/toml/meta.go

@@ -135,9 +135,6 @@ func (k Key) maybeQuoted(i int) string {
 
 // Like append(), but only increase the cap by 1.
 func (k Key) add(piece string) Key {
-	if cap(k) > len(k) {
-		return append(k, piece)
-	}
 	newKey := make(Key, len(k)+1)
 	copy(newKey, k)
 	newKey[len(k)] = piece

vendor/github.com/BurntSushi/toml/parse.go

@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@ func parse(data string) (p *parser, err error) {
 	// it anyway.
 	if strings.HasPrefix(data, "\xff\xfe") || strings.HasPrefix(data, "\xfe\xff") { // UTF-16
 		data = data[2:]
-		//lint:ignore S1017 https://github.com/dominikh/go-tools/issues/1447
 	} else if strings.HasPrefix(data, "\xef\xbb\xbf") { // UTF-8
 		data = data[3:]
 	}
@@ -65,7 +64,7 @@ func parse(data string) (p *parser, err error) {
 	if i := strings.IndexRune(data[:ex], 0); i > -1 {
 		return nil, ParseError{
 			Message:  "files cannot contain NULL bytes; probably using UTF-16; TOML files must be UTF-8",
-			Position: Position{Line: 1, Start: i, Len: 1},
+			Position: Position{Line: 1, Col: 1, Start: i, Len: 1},
 			Line:     1,
 			input:    data,
 		}
@@ -92,8 +91,9 @@ func parse(data string) (p *parser, err error) {
 
 func (p *parser) panicErr(it item, err error) {
 	panic(ParseError{
+		Message:  err.Error(),
 		err:      err,
-		Position: it.pos,
+		Position: it.pos.withCol(p.lx.input),
 		Line:     it.pos.Len,
 		LastKey:  p.current(),
 	})
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ func (p *parser) panicErr(it item, err error) {
 func (p *parser) panicItemf(it item, format string, v ...any) {
 	panic(ParseError{
 		Message:  fmt.Sprintf(format, v...),
-		Position: it.pos,
+		Position: it.pos.withCol(p.lx.input),
 		Line:     it.pos.Len,
 		LastKey:  p.current(),
 	})
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ func (p *parser) panicItemf(it item, format string, v ...any) {
 func (p *parser) panicf(format string, v ...any) {
 	panic(ParseError{
 		Message:  fmt.Sprintf(format, v...),
-		Position: p.pos,
+		Position: p.pos.withCol(p.lx.input),
 		Line:     p.pos.Line,
 		LastKey:  p.current(),
 	})
@@ -123,10 +123,11 @@ func (p *parser) next() item {
 	if it.typ == itemError {
 		if it.err != nil {
 			panic(ParseError{
-				Position: it.pos,
+				Message:  it.err.Error(),
+				err:      it.err,
+				Position: it.pos.withCol(p.lx.input),
 				Line:     it.pos.Line,
 				LastKey:  p.current(),
-				err:      it.err,
 			})
 		}
 
@@ -527,7 +528,7 @@ func numUnderscoresOK(s string) bool {
 			}
 		}
 
-		// isHexis a superset of all the permissable characters surrounding an
+		// isHex is a superset of all the permissible characters surrounding an
 		// underscore.
 		accept = isHex(r)
 	}

vendor/github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,5 +1,59 @@
 # Changelog
 
+## 3.4.0 (2025-06-27)
+
+### Added
+
+- #268: Added property to Constraints to include prereleases for Check and Validate
+
+### Changed
+
+- #263: Updated Go testing for 1.24, 1.23, and 1.22
+- #269: Updated the error message handling for message case and wrapping errors
+- #266: Restore the ability to have leading 0's when parsing with NewVersion.
+  Opt-out of this by setting CoerceNewVersion to false.
+
+### Fixed
+
+- #257: Fixed the CodeQL link (thanks @dmitris)
+- #262: Restored detailed errors when failed to parse with NewVersion. Opt-out
+  of this by setting DetailedNewVersionErrors to false for faster performance.
+- #267: Handle pre-releases for an "and" group if one constraint includes them
+
+## 3.3.1 (2024-11-19)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- #253: Fix for allowing some version that were invalid
+
+## 3.3.0 (2024-08-27)
+
+### Added
+
+- #238: Add LessThanEqual and GreaterThanEqual functions (thanks @grosser)
+- #213: nil version equality checking (thanks @KnutZuidema)
+
+### Changed
+
+- #241: Simplify StrictNewVersion parsing (thanks @grosser)
+- Testing support up through Go 1.23
+- Minimum version set to 1.21 as this is what's tested now
+- Fuzz testing now supports caching
+
+## 3.2.1 (2023-04-10)
+
+### Changed
+
+- #198: Improved testing around pre-release names
+- #200: Improved code scanning with addition of CodeQL
+- #201: Testing now includes Go 1.20. Go 1.17 has been dropped
+- #202: Migrated Fuzz testing to Go built-in Fuzzing. CI runs daily
+- #203: Docs updated for security details
+
+### Fixed
+
+- #199: Fixed issue with range transformations
+
 ## 3.2.0 (2022-11-28)
 
 ### Added
@@ -109,7 +163,7 @@ functions. These are described in the added and changed sections below.
 - #78: Fix unchecked error in example code (thanks @ravron)
 - #70: Fix the handling of pre-releases and the 0.0.0 release edge case
 - #97: Fixed copyright file for proper display on GitHub
-- #107: Fix handling prerelease when sorting alphanum and num 
+- #107: Fix handling prerelease when sorting alphanum and num
 - #109: Fixed where Validate sometimes returns wrong message on error
 
 ## 1.4.2 (2018-04-10)

vendor/github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3/Makefile

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ test-cover:
 .PHONY: fuzz
 fuzz:
 	@echo "==> Running Fuzz Tests"
+	go env GOCACHE
 	go test -fuzz=FuzzNewVersion -fuzztime=15s .
 	go test -fuzz=FuzzStrictNewVersion -fuzztime=15s .
 	go test -fuzz=FuzzNewConstraint -fuzztime=15s .
@@ -27,4 +28,4 @@ $(GOLANGCI_LINT):
 	# Install golangci-lint. The configuration for it is in the .golangci.yml
 	# file in the root of the repository
 	echo ${GOPATH}
-	curl -sfL https://install.goreleaser.com/github.com/golangci/golangci-lint.sh | sh -s -- -b $(GOPATH)/bin v1.17.1
+	curl -sfL https://install.goreleaser.com/github.com/golangci/golangci-lint.sh | sh -s -- -b $(GOPATH)/bin v1.56.2

vendor/github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3/README.md

@@ -13,12 +13,9 @@ Active](https://masterminds.github.io/stability/active.svg)](https://masterminds
 [![GoDoc](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?label=godoc&message=reference&color=blue)](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3)
 [![Go Report Card](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/Masterminds/semver)](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/Masterminds/semver)
 
-If you are looking for a command line tool for version comparisons please see
-[vert](https://github.com/Masterminds/vert) which uses this library.
-
 ## Package Versions
 
-Note, import `github.com/github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3` to use the latest version.
+Note, import `github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3` to use the latest version.
 
 There are three major versions fo the `semver` package.
 
@@ -53,6 +50,18 @@ other versions, convert the version back into a string, and get the original
 string. Getting the original string is useful if the semantic version was coerced
 into a valid form.
 
+There are package level variables that affect how `NewVersion` handles parsing.
+
+- `CoerceNewVersion` is `true` by default. When set to `true` it coerces non-compliant
+  versions into SemVer. For example, allowing a leading 0 in a major, minor, or patch
+  part. This enables the use of CalVer in versions even when not compliant with SemVer.
+  When set to `false` less coercion work is done.
+- `DetailedNewVersionErrors` provides more detailed errors. It only has an affect when
+  `CoerceNewVersion` is set to `false`. When `DetailedNewVersionErrors` is set to `true`
+  it can provide some more insight into why a version is invalid. Setting
+  `DetailedNewVersionErrors` to `false` is faster on performance but provides less
+  detailed error messages if a version fails to parse.
+
 ## Sorting Semantic Versions
 
 A set of versions can be sorted using the `sort` package from the standard library.
@@ -80,12 +89,12 @@ There are two methods for comparing versions. One uses comparison methods on
 differences to notes between these two methods of comparison.
 
 1. When two versions are compared using functions such as `Compare`, `LessThan`,
-   and others it will follow the specification and always include prereleases
+   and others it will follow the specification and always include pre-releases
    within the comparison. It will provide an answer that is valid with the
    comparison section of the spec at https://semver.org/#spec-item-11
 2. When constraint checking is used for checks or validation it will follow a
    different set of rules that are common for ranges with tools like npm/js
-   and Rust/Cargo. This includes considering prereleases to be invalid if the
+   and Rust/Cargo. This includes considering pre-releases to be invalid if the
    ranges does not include one. If you want to have it include pre-releases a
    simple solution is to include `-0` in your range.
 3. Constraint ranges can have some complex rules including the shorthand use of
@@ -113,7 +122,7 @@ v, err := semver.NewVersion("1.3")
 if err != nil {
     // Handle version not being parsable.
 }
-// Check if the version meets the constraints. The a variable will be true.
+// Check if the version meets the constraints. The variable a will be true.
 a := c.Check(v)
 ```
 
@@ -137,20 +146,20 @@ The basic comparisons are:
 ### Working With Prerelease Versions
 
 Pre-releases, for those not familiar with them, are used for software releases
-prior to stable or generally available releases. Examples of prereleases include
-development, alpha, beta, and release candidate releases. A prerelease may be
+prior to stable or generally available releases. Examples of pre-releases include
+development, alpha, beta, and release candidate releases. A pre-release may be
 a version such as `1.2.3-beta.1` while the stable release would be `1.2.3`. In the
-order of precedence, prereleases come before their associated releases. In this
+order of precedence, pre-releases come before their associated releases. In this
 example `1.2.3-beta.1 < 1.2.3`.
 
-According to the Semantic Version specification prereleases may not be
+According to the Semantic Version specification, pre-releases may not be
 API compliant with their release counterpart. It says,
 
 > A pre-release version indicates that the version is unstable and might not satisfy the intended compatibility requirements as denoted by its associated normal version.
 
-SemVer comparisons using constraints without a prerelease comparator will skip
-prerelease versions. For example, `>=1.2.3` will skip prereleases when looking
-at a list of releases while `>=1.2.3-0` will evaluate and find prereleases.
+SemVer's comparisons using constraints without a pre-release comparator will skip
+pre-release versions. For example, `>=1.2.3` will skip pre-releases when looking
+at a list of releases while `>=1.2.3-0` will evaluate and find pre-releases.
 
 The reason for the `0` as a pre-release version in the example comparison is
 because pre-releases can only contain ASCII alphanumerics and hyphens (along with
@@ -163,6 +172,10 @@ means `>=1.2.3-BETA` will return `1.2.3-alpha`. What you might expect from case
 sensitivity doesn't apply here. This is due to ASCII sort ordering which is what
 the spec specifies.
 
+The `Constraints` instance returned from `semver.NewConstraint()` has a property
+`IncludePrerelease` that, when set to true, will return prerelease versions when calls
+to `Check()` and `Validate()` are made.
+
 ### Hyphen Range Comparisons
 
 There are multiple methods to handle ranges and the first is hyphens ranges.
@@ -171,6 +184,9 @@ These look like:
 * `1.2 - 1.4.5` which is equivalent to `>= 1.2 <= 1.4.5`
 * `2.3.4 - 4.5` which is equivalent to `>= 2.3.4 <= 4.5`
 
+Note that `1.2-1.4.5` without whitespace is parsed completely differently; it's
+parsed as a single constraint `1.2.0` with _prerelease_ `1.4.5`.
+
 ### Wildcards In Comparisons
 
 The `x`, `X`, and `*` characters can be used as a wildcard character. This works
@@ -250,7 +266,7 @@ or [create a pull request](https://github.com/Masterminds/semver/pulls).
 Security is an important consideration for this project. The project currently
 uses the following tools to help discover security issues:
 
-* [CodeQL](https://github.com/Masterminds/semver)
+* [CodeQL](https://codeql.github.com)
 * [gosec](https://github.com/securego/gosec)
 * Daily Fuzz testing
 

vendor/github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3/constraints.go

@@ -12,6 +12,13 @@ import (
 // checked against.
 type Constraints struct {
 	constraints [][]*constraint
+	containsPre []bool
+
+	// IncludePrerelease specifies if pre-releases should be included in
+	// the results. Note, if a constraint range has a prerelease than
+	// prereleases will be included for that AND group even if this is
+	// set to false.
+	IncludePrerelease bool
 }
 
 // NewConstraint returns a Constraints instance that a Version instance can
@@ -22,11 +29,10 @@ func NewConstraint(c string) (*Constraints, error) {
 	c = rewriteRange(c)
 
 	ors := strings.Split(c, "||")
-	or := make([][]*constraint, len(ors))
+	lenors := len(ors)
+	or := make([][]*constraint, lenors)
+	hasPre := make([]bool, lenors)
 	for k, v := range ors {
-
-		// TODO: Find a way to validate and fetch all the constraints in a simpler form
-
 		// Validate the segment
 		if !validConstraintRegex.MatchString(v) {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("improper constraint: %s", v)
@@ -43,12 +49,22 @@ func NewConstraint(c string) (*Constraints, error) {
 				return nil, err
 			}
 
+			// If one of the constraints has a prerelease record this.
+			// This information is used when checking all in an "and"
+			// group to ensure they all check for prereleases.
+			if pc.con.pre != "" {
+				hasPre[k] = true
+			}
+
 			result[i] = pc
 		}
 		or[k] = result
 	}
 
-	o := &Constraints{constraints: or}
+	o := &Constraints{
+		constraints: or,
+		containsPre: hasPre,
+	}
 	return o, nil
 }
 
@@ -57,10 +73,10 @@ func (cs Constraints) Check(v *Version) bool {
 	// TODO(mattfarina): For v4 of this library consolidate the Check and Validate
 	// functions as the underlying functions make that possible now.
 	// loop over the ORs and check the inner ANDs
-	for _, o := range cs.constraints {
+	for i, o := range cs.constraints {
 		joy := true
 		for _, c := range o {
-			if check, _ := c.check(v); !check {
+			if check, _ := c.check(v, (cs.IncludePrerelease || cs.containsPre[i])); !check {
 				joy = false
 				break
 			}
@@ -83,12 +99,12 @@ func (cs Constraints) Validate(v *Version) (bool, []error) {
 	// Capture the prerelease message only once. When it happens the first time
 	// this var is marked
 	var prerelesase bool
-	for _, o := range cs.constraints {
+	for i, o := range cs.constraints {
 		joy := true
 		for _, c := range o {
 			// Before running the check handle the case there the version is
 			// a prerelease and the check is not searching for prereleases.
-			if c.con.pre == "" && v.pre != "" {
+			if !(cs.IncludePrerelease || cs.containsPre[i]) && v.pre != "" {
 				if !prerelesase {
 					em := fmt.Errorf("%s is a prerelease version and the constraint is only looking for release versions", v)
 					e = append(e, em)
@@ -98,7 +114,7 @@ func (cs Constraints) Validate(v *Version) (bool, []error) {
 
 			} else {
 
-				if _, err := c.check(v); err != nil {
+				if _, err := c.check(v, (cs.IncludePrerelease || cs.containsPre[i])); err != nil {
 					e = append(e, err)
 					joy = false
 				}
@@ -227,8 +243,8 @@ type constraint struct {
 }
 
 // Check if a version meets the constraint
-func (c *constraint) check(v *Version) (bool, error) {
-	return constraintOps[c.origfunc](v, c)
+func (c *constraint) check(v *Version, includePre bool) (bool, error) {
+	return constraintOps[c.origfunc](v, c, includePre)
 }
 
 // String prints an individual constraint into a string
@@ -236,7 +252,7 @@ func (c *constraint) string() string {
 	return c.origfunc + c.orig
 }
 
-type cfunc func(v *Version, c *constraint) (bool, error)
+type cfunc func(v *Version, c *constraint, includePre bool) (bool, error)
 
 func parseConstraint(c string) (*constraint, error) {
 	if len(c) > 0 {
@@ -272,7 +288,7 @@ func parseConstraint(c string) (*constraint, error) {
 
 			// The constraintRegex should catch any regex parsing errors. So,
 			// we should never get here.
-			return nil, errors.New("constraint Parser Error")
+			return nil, errors.New("constraint parser error")
 		}
 
 		cs.con = con
@@ -290,7 +306,7 @@ func parseConstraint(c string) (*constraint, error) {
 
 		// The constraintRegex should catch any regex parsing errors. So,
 		// we should never get here.
-		return nil, errors.New("constraint Parser Error")
+		return nil, errors.New("constraint parser error")
 	}
 
 	cs := &constraint{
@@ -305,16 +321,14 @@ func parseConstraint(c string) (*constraint, error) {
 }
 
 // Constraint functions
-func constraintNotEqual(v *Version, c *constraint) (bool, error) {
+func constraintNotEqual(v *Version, c *constraint, includePre bool) (bool, error) {
+	// The existence of prereleases is checked at the group level and passed in.
+	// Exit early if the version has a prerelease but those are to be ignored.
+	if v.Prerelease() != "" && !includePre {
+		return false, fmt.Errorf("%s is a prerelease version and the constraint is only looking for release versions", v)
+	}
+
 	if c.dirty {
-
-		// If there is a pre-release on the version but the constraint isn't looking
-		// for them assume that pre-releases are not compatible. See issue 21 for
-		// more details.
-		if v.Prerelease() != "" && c.con.Prerelease() == "" {
-			return false, fmt.Errorf("%s is a prerelease version and the constraint is only looking for release versions", v)
-		}
-
 		if c.con.Major() != v.Major() {
 			return true, nil
 		}
@@ -345,12 +359,11 @@ func constraintNotEqual(v *Version, c *constraint) (bool, error) {
 	return true, nil
 }
 
-func constraintGreaterThan(v *Version, c *constraint) (bool, error) {
+func constraintGreaterThan(v *Version, c *constraint, includePre bool) (bool, error) {
 
-	// If there is a pre-release on the version but the constraint isn't looking
-	// for them assume that pre-releases are not compatible. See issue 21 for
-	// more details.
-	if v.Prerelease() != "" && c.con.Prerelease() == "" {
+	// The existence of prereleases is checked at the group level and passed in.
+	// Exit early if the version has a prerelease but those are to be ignored.
+	if v.Prerelease() != "" && !includePre {
 		return false, fmt.Errorf("%s is a prerelease version and the constraint is only looking for release versions", v)
 	}
 
@@ -391,11 +404,10 @@ func constraintGreaterThan(v *Version, c *constraint) (bool, error) {
 	return false, fmt.Errorf("%s is less than or equal to %s", v, c.orig)
 }
 
-func constraintLessThan(v *Version, c *constraint) (bool, error) {
-	// If there is a pre-release on the version but the constraint isn't looking
-	// for them assume that pre-releases are not compatible. See issue 21 for
-	// more details.
-	if v.Prerelease() != "" && c.con.Prerelease() == "" {
+func constraintLessThan(v *Version, c *constraint, includePre bool) (bool, error) {
+	// The existence of prereleases is checked at the group level and passed in.
+	// Exit early if the version has a prerelease but those are to be ignored.
+	if v.Prerelease() != "" && !includePre {
 		return false, fmt.Errorf("%s is a prerelease version and the constraint is only looking for release versions", v)
 	}
 
@@ -406,12 +418,11 @@ func constraintLessThan(v *Version, c *constraint) (bool, error) {
 	return false, fmt.Errorf("%s is greater than or equal to %s", v, c.orig)
 }
 
-func constraintGreaterThanEqual(v *Version, c *constraint) (bool, error) {
+func constraintGreaterThanEqual(v *Version, c *constraint, includePre bool) (bool, error) {
 
-	// If there is a pre-release on the version but the constraint isn't looking
-	// for them assume that pre-releases are not compatible. See issue 21 for
-	// more details.
-	if v.Prerelease() != "" && c.con.Prerelease() == "" {
+	// The existence of prereleases is checked at the group level and passed in.
+	// Exit early if the version has a prerelease but those are to be ignored.
+	if v.Prerelease() != "" && !includePre {
 		return false, fmt.Errorf("%s is a prerelease version and the constraint is only looking for release versions", v)
 	}
 
@@ -422,11 +433,10 @@ func constraintGreaterThanEqual(v *Version, c *constraint) (bool, error) {
 	return false, fmt.Errorf("%s is less than %s", v, c.orig)
 }
 
-func constraintLessThanEqual(v *Version, c *constraint) (bool, error) {
-	// If there is a pre-release on the version but the constraint isn't looking
-	// for them assume that pre-releases are not compatible. See issue 21 for
-	// more details.
-	if v.Prerelease() != "" && c.con.Prerelease() == "" {
+func constraintLessThanEqual(v *Version, c *constraint, includePre bool) (bool, error) {
+	// The existence of prereleases is checked at the group level and passed in.
+	// Exit early if the version has a prerelease but those are to be ignored.
+	if v.Prerelease() != "" && !includePre {
 		return false, fmt.Errorf("%s is a prerelease version and the constraint is only looking for release versions", v)
 	}
 
@@ -455,11 +465,10 @@ func constraintLessThanEqual(v *Version, c *constraint) (bool, error) {
 // ~1.2, ~1.2.x, ~>1.2, ~>1.2.x --> >=1.2.0, <1.3.0
 // ~1.2.3, ~>1.2.3 --> >=1.2.3, <1.3.0
 // ~1.2.0, ~>1.2.0 --> >=1.2.0, <1.3.0
-func constraintTilde(v *Version, c *constraint) (bool, error) {
-	// If there is a pre-release on the version but the constraint isn't looking
-	// for them assume that pre-releases are not compatible. See issue 21 for
-	// more details.
-	if v.Prerelease() != "" && c.con.Prerelease() == "" {
+func constraintTilde(v *Version, c *constraint, includePre bool) (bool, error) {
+	// The existence of prereleases is checked at the group level and passed in.
+	// Exit early if the version has a prerelease but those are to be ignored.
+	if v.Prerelease() != "" && !includePre {
 		return false, fmt.Errorf("%s is a prerelease version and the constraint is only looking for release versions", v)
 	}
 
@@ -487,16 +496,15 @@ func constraintTilde(v *Version, c *constraint) (bool, error) {
 
 // When there is a .x (dirty) status it automatically opts in to ~. Otherwise
 // it's a straight =
-func constraintTildeOrEqual(v *Version, c *constraint) (bool, error) {
-	// If there is a pre-release on the version but the constraint isn't looking
-	// for them assume that pre-releases are not compatible. See issue 21 for
-	// more details.
-	if v.Prerelease() != "" && c.con.Prerelease() == "" {
+func constraintTildeOrEqual(v *Version, c *constraint, includePre bool) (bool, error) {
+	// The existence of prereleases is checked at the group level and passed in.
+	// Exit early if the version has a prerelease but those are to be ignored.
+	if v.Prerelease() != "" && !includePre {
 		return false, fmt.Errorf("%s is a prerelease version and the constraint is only looking for release versions", v)
 	}
 
 	if c.dirty {
-		return constraintTilde(v, c)
+		return constraintTilde(v, c, includePre)
 	}
 
 	eq := v.Equal(c.con)
@@ -516,11 +524,10 @@ func constraintTildeOrEqual(v *Version, c *constraint) (bool, error) {
 // ^0.0.3  -->  >=0.0.3 <0.0.4
 // ^0.0    -->  >=0.0.0 <0.1.0
 // ^0      -->  >=0.0.0 <1.0.0
-func constraintCaret(v *Version, c *constraint) (bool, error) {
-	// If there is a pre-release on the version but the constraint isn't looking
-	// for them assume that pre-releases are not compatible. See issue 21 for
-	// more details.
-	if v.Prerelease() != "" && c.con.Prerelease() == "" {
+func constraintCaret(v *Version, c *constraint, includePre bool) (bool, error) {
+	// The existence of prereleases is checked at the group level and passed in.
+	// Exit early if the version has a prerelease but those are to be ignored.
+	if v.Prerelease() != "" && !includePre {
 		return false, fmt.Errorf("%s is a prerelease version and the constraint is only looking for release versions", v)
 	}
 

vendor/github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3/version.go

@@ -14,32 +14,52 @@ import (
 // The compiled version of the regex created at init() is cached here so it
 // only needs to be created once.
 var versionRegex *regexp.Regexp
+var looseVersionRegex *regexp.Regexp
+
+// CoerceNewVersion sets if leading 0's are allowd in the version part. Leading 0's are
+// not allowed in a valid semantic version. When set to true, NewVersion will coerce
+// leading 0's into a valid version.
+var CoerceNewVersion = true
+
+// DetailedNewVersionErrors specifies if detailed errors are returned from the NewVersion
+// function. This is used when CoerceNewVersion is set to false. If set to false
+// ErrInvalidSemVer is returned for an invalid version. This does not apply to
+// StrictNewVersion. Setting this function to false returns errors more quickly.
+var DetailedNewVersionErrors = true
 
 var (
 	// ErrInvalidSemVer is returned a version is found to be invalid when
 	// being parsed.
-	ErrInvalidSemVer = errors.New("Invalid Semantic Version")
+	ErrInvalidSemVer = errors.New("invalid semantic version")
 
 	// ErrEmptyString is returned when an empty string is passed in for parsing.
-	ErrEmptyString = errors.New("Version string empty")
+	ErrEmptyString = errors.New("version string empty")
 
 	// ErrInvalidCharacters is returned when invalid characters are found as
 	// part of a version
-	ErrInvalidCharacters = errors.New("Invalid characters in version")
+	ErrInvalidCharacters = errors.New("invalid characters in version")
 
 	// ErrSegmentStartsZero is returned when a version segment starts with 0.
 	// This is invalid in SemVer.
-	ErrSegmentStartsZero = errors.New("Version segment starts with 0")
+	ErrSegmentStartsZero = errors.New("version segment starts with 0")
 
 	// ErrInvalidMetadata is returned when the metadata is an invalid format
-	ErrInvalidMetadata = errors.New("Invalid Metadata string")
+	ErrInvalidMetadata = errors.New("invalid metadata string")
 
 	// ErrInvalidPrerelease is returned when the pre-release is an invalid format
-	ErrInvalidPrerelease = errors.New("Invalid Prerelease string")
+	ErrInvalidPrerelease = errors.New("invalid prerelease string")
 )
 
 // semVerRegex is the regular expression used to parse a semantic version.
-const semVerRegex string = `v?([0-9]+)(\.[0-9]+)?(\.[0-9]+)?` +
+// This is not the official regex from the semver spec. It has been modified to allow for loose handling
+// where versions like 2.1 are detected.
+const semVerRegex string = `v?(0|[1-9]\d*)(?:\.(0|[1-9]\d*))?(?:\.(0|[1-9]\d*))?` +
+	`(?:-((?:0|[1-9]\d*|\d*[a-zA-Z-][0-9a-zA-Z-]*)(?:\.(?:0|[1-9]\d*|\d*[a-zA-Z-][0-9a-zA-Z-]*))*))?` +
+	`(?:\+([0-9a-zA-Z-]+(?:\.[0-9a-zA-Z-]+)*))?`
+
+// looseSemVerRegex is a regular expression that lets invalid semver expressions through
+// with enough detail that certain errors can be checked for.
+const looseSemVerRegex string = `v?([0-9]+)(\.[0-9]+)?(\.[0-9]+)?` +
 	`(-([0-9A-Za-z\-]+(\.[0-9A-Za-z\-]+)*))?` +
 	`(\+([0-9A-Za-z\-]+(\.[0-9A-Za-z\-]+)*))?`
 
@@ -53,6 +73,7 @@ type Version struct {
 
 func init() {
 	versionRegex = regexp.MustCompile("^" + semVerRegex + "$")
+	looseVersionRegex = regexp.MustCompile("^" + looseSemVerRegex + "$")
 }
 
 const (
@@ -83,22 +104,23 @@ func StrictNewVersion(v string) (*Version, error) {
 		original: v,
 	}
 
-	// check for prerelease or build metadata
-	var extra []string
-	if strings.ContainsAny(parts[2], "-+") {
-		// Start with the build metadata first as it needs to be on the right
-		extra = strings.SplitN(parts[2], "+", 2)
-		if len(extra) > 1 {
-			// build metadata found
-			sv.metadata = extra[1]
-			parts[2] = extra[0]
+	// Extract build metadata
+	if strings.Contains(parts[2], "+") {
+		extra := strings.SplitN(parts[2], "+", 2)
+		sv.metadata = extra[1]
+		parts[2] = extra[0]
+		if err := validateMetadata(sv.metadata); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
 		}
+	}
 
-		extra = strings.SplitN(parts[2], "-", 2)
-		if len(extra) > 1 {
-			// prerelease found
-			sv.pre = extra[1]
-			parts[2] = extra[0]
+	// Extract build prerelease
+	if strings.Contains(parts[2], "-") {
+		extra := strings.SplitN(parts[2], "-", 2)
+		sv.pre = extra[1]
+		parts[2] = extra[0]
+		if err := validatePrerelease(sv.pre); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -114,7 +136,7 @@ func StrictNewVersion(v string) (*Version, error) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	// Extract the major, minor, and patch elements onto the returned Version
+	// Extract major, minor, and patch
 	var err error
 	sv.major, err = strconv.ParseUint(parts[0], 10, 64)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -131,10 +153,70 @@ func StrictNewVersion(v string) (*Version, error) {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	// No prerelease or build metadata found so returning now as a fastpath.
-	if sv.pre == "" && sv.metadata == "" {
-		return sv, nil
+	return sv, nil
+}
+
+// NewVersion parses a given version and returns an instance of Version or
+// an error if unable to parse the version. If the version is SemVer-ish it
+// attempts to convert it to SemVer. If you want  to validate it was a strict
+// semantic version at parse time see StrictNewVersion().
+func NewVersion(v string) (*Version, error) {
+	if CoerceNewVersion {
+		return coerceNewVersion(v)
 	}
+	m := versionRegex.FindStringSubmatch(v)
+	if m == nil {
+
+		// Disabling detailed errors is first so that it is in the fast path.
+		if !DetailedNewVersionErrors {
+			return nil, ErrInvalidSemVer
+		}
+
+		// Check for specific errors with the semver string and return a more detailed
+		// error.
+		m = looseVersionRegex.FindStringSubmatch(v)
+		if m == nil {
+			return nil, ErrInvalidSemVer
+		}
+		err := validateVersion(m)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return nil, ErrInvalidSemVer
+	}
+
+	sv := &Version{
+		metadata: m[5],
+		pre:      m[4],
+		original: v,
+	}
+
+	var err error
+	sv.major, err = strconv.ParseUint(m[1], 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error parsing version segment: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if m[2] != "" {
+		sv.minor, err = strconv.ParseUint(m[2], 10, 64)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("error parsing version segment: %w", err)
+		}
+	} else {
+		sv.minor = 0
+	}
+
+	if m[3] != "" {
+		sv.patch, err = strconv.ParseUint(m[3], 10, 64)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("error parsing version segment: %w", err)
+		}
+	} else {
+		sv.patch = 0
+	}
+
+	// Perform some basic due diligence on the extra parts to ensure they are
+	// valid.
 
 	if sv.pre != "" {
 		if err = validatePrerelease(sv.pre); err != nil {
@@ -151,12 +233,8 @@ func StrictNewVersion(v string) (*Version, error) {
 	return sv, nil
 }
 
-// NewVersion parses a given version and returns an instance of Version or
-// an error if unable to parse the version. If the version is SemVer-ish it
-// attempts to convert it to SemVer. If you want  to validate it was a strict
-// semantic version at parse time see StrictNewVersion().
-func NewVersion(v string) (*Version, error) {
-	m := versionRegex.FindStringSubmatch(v)
+func coerceNewVersion(v string) (*Version, error) {
+	m := looseVersionRegex.FindStringSubmatch(v)
 	if m == nil {
 		return nil, ErrInvalidSemVer
 	}
@@ -170,13 +248,13 @@ func NewVersion(v string) (*Version, error) {
 	var err error
 	sv.major, err = strconv.ParseUint(m[1], 10, 64)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Error parsing version segment: %s", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error parsing version segment: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	if m[2] != "" {
 		sv.minor, err = strconv.ParseUint(strings.TrimPrefix(m[2], "."), 10, 64)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("Error parsing version segment: %s", err)
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("error parsing version segment: %w", err)
 		}
 	} else {
 		sv.minor = 0
@@ -185,7 +263,7 @@ func NewVersion(v string) (*Version, error) {
 	if m[3] != "" {
 		sv.patch, err = strconv.ParseUint(strings.TrimPrefix(m[3], "."), 10, 64)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("Error parsing version segment: %s", err)
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("error parsing version segment: %w", err)
 		}
 	} else {
 		sv.patch = 0
@@ -381,15 +459,31 @@ func (v *Version) LessThan(o *Version) bool {
 	return v.Compare(o) < 0
 }
 
+// LessThanEqual tests if one version is less or equal than another one.
+func (v *Version) LessThanEqual(o *Version) bool {
+	return v.Compare(o) <= 0
+}
+
 // GreaterThan tests if one version is greater than another one.
 func (v *Version) GreaterThan(o *Version) bool {
 	return v.Compare(o) > 0
 }
 
+// GreaterThanEqual tests if one version is greater or equal than another one.
+func (v *Version) GreaterThanEqual(o *Version) bool {
+	return v.Compare(o) >= 0
+}
+
 // Equal tests if two versions are equal to each other.
 // Note, versions can be equal with different metadata since metadata
 // is not considered part of the comparable version.
 func (v *Version) Equal(o *Version) bool {
+	if v == o {
+		return true
+	}
+	if v == nil || o == nil {
+		return false
+	}
 	return v.Compare(o) == 0
 }
 
@@ -612,7 +706,9 @@ func containsOnly(s string, comp string) bool {
 func validatePrerelease(p string) error {
 	eparts := strings.Split(p, ".")
 	for _, p := range eparts {
-		if containsOnly(p, num) {
+		if p == "" {
+			return ErrInvalidPrerelease
+		} else if containsOnly(p, num) {
 			if len(p) > 1 && p[0] == '0' {
 				return ErrSegmentStartsZero
 			}
@@ -631,9 +727,62 @@ func validatePrerelease(p string) error {
 func validateMetadata(m string) error {
 	eparts := strings.Split(m, ".")
 	for _, p := range eparts {
-		if !containsOnly(p, allowed) {
+		if p == "" {
+			return ErrInvalidMetadata
+		} else if !containsOnly(p, allowed) {
 			return ErrInvalidMetadata
 		}
 	}
 	return nil
 }
+
+// validateVersion checks for common validation issues but may not catch all errors
+func validateVersion(m []string) error {
+	var err error
+	var v string
+	if m[1] != "" {
+		if len(m[1]) > 1 && m[1][0] == '0' {
+			return ErrSegmentStartsZero
+		}
+		_, err = strconv.ParseUint(m[1], 10, 64)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("error parsing version segment: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if m[2] != "" {
+		v = strings.TrimPrefix(m[2], ".")
+		if len(v) > 1 && v[0] == '0' {
+			return ErrSegmentStartsZero
+		}
+		_, err = strconv.ParseUint(v, 10, 64)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("error parsing version segment: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if m[3] != "" {
+		v = strings.TrimPrefix(m[3], ".")
+		if len(v) > 1 && v[0] == '0' {
+			return ErrSegmentStartsZero
+		}
+		_, err = strconv.ParseUint(v, 10, 64)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("error parsing version segment: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if m[5] != "" {
+		if err = validatePrerelease(m[5]); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if m[8] != "" {
+		if err = validateMetadata(m[8]); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

vendor/github.com/Microsoft/hcsshim/.clang-format

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+Language: Cpp
+BasedOnStyle: Microsoft
+BreakBeforeBraces: Attach
+PointerAlignment: Left
+AllowShortFunctionsOnASingleLine: All
+# match Go style
+IndentCaseLabels: false
+# don't break comments over line limit (needed for CodeQL exceptions)
+ReflowComments: false
+InsertNewlineAtEOF: true
+KeepEmptyLines:
+  AtEndOfFile: true

vendor/github.com/Microsoft/hcsshim/.golangci.yml

@@ -5,9 +5,6 @@ run:
     - admin
     - functional
     - integration
-  skip-dirs:
-    # paths are relative to module root
-    - cri-containerd/test-images
 
 linters:
   enable:
@@ -34,13 +31,15 @@ linters-settings:
       # struct order is often for Win32 compat
       # also, ignore pointer bytes/GC issues for now until performance becomes an issue
       - fieldalignment
-    check-shadowing: true
 
   stylecheck:
     # https://staticcheck.io/docs/checks
     checks: ["all"]
 
 issues:
+  exclude-dirs:
+    # paths are relative to module root
+    - cri-containerd/test-images
   exclude-rules:
     # err is very often shadowed in nested scopes
     - linters:
@@ -70,22 +69,22 @@ issues:
     - path: layer.go
       linters:
         - stylecheck
-      Text: "ST1003:"
+      text: "ST1003:"
 
     - path: hcsshim.go
       linters:
         - stylecheck
-      Text: "ST1003:"
+      text: "ST1003:"
 
     - path: cmd\\ncproxy\\nodenetsvc\\
       linters:
         - stylecheck
-      Text: "ST1003:"
+      text: "ST1003:"
 
     - path: cmd\\ncproxy_mock\\
       linters:
         - stylecheck
-      Text: "ST1003:"
+      text: "ST1003:"
 
     - path: internal\\hcs\\schema2\\
       linters:
@@ -95,67 +94,67 @@ issues:
     - path: internal\\wclayer\\
       linters:
         - stylecheck
-      Text: "ST1003:"
+      text: "ST1003:"
 
     - path: hcn\\
       linters:
         - stylecheck
-      Text: "ST1003:"
+      text: "ST1003:"
 
     - path: internal\\hcs\\schema1\\
       linters:
         - stylecheck
-      Text: "ST1003:"
+      text: "ST1003:"
 
     - path: internal\\hns\\
       linters:
         - stylecheck
-      Text: "ST1003:"
+      text: "ST1003:"
 
     - path: ext4\\internal\\compactext4\\
       linters:
         - stylecheck
-      Text: "ST1003:"
+      text: "ST1003:"
 
     - path: ext4\\internal\\format\\
       linters:
         - stylecheck
-      Text: "ST1003:"
+      text: "ST1003:"
 
     - path: internal\\guestrequest\\
       linters:
         - stylecheck
-      Text: "ST1003:"
+      text: "ST1003:"
 
     - path: internal\\guest\\prot\\
       linters:
         - stylecheck
-      Text: "ST1003:"
+      text: "ST1003:"
 
     - path: internal\\windevice\\
       linters:
         - stylecheck
-      Text: "ST1003:"
+      text: "ST1003:"
 
     - path: internal\\winapi\\
       linters:
         - stylecheck
-      Text: "ST1003:"
+      text: "ST1003:"
 
     - path: internal\\vmcompute\\
       linters:
         - stylecheck
-      Text: "ST1003:"
+      text: "ST1003:"
 
     - path: internal\\regstate\\
       linters:
         - stylecheck
-      Text: "ST1003:"
+      text: "ST1003:"
 
     - path: internal\\hcserror\\
       linters:
         - stylecheck
-      Text: "ST1003:"
+      text: "ST1003:"
 
     # v0 APIs are deprecated, but still retained for backwards compatability
     - path: cmd\\ncproxy\\
@@ -171,4 +170,4 @@ issues:
     - path: internal\\vhdx\\info
       linters:
         - stylecheck
-      Text: "ST1003:"
+      text: "ST1003:"

vendor/github.com/Microsoft/hcsshim/Makefile

@@ -1,13 +1,20 @@
-BASE:=base.tar.gz
-DEV_BUILD:=0
+include Makefile.bootfiles
 
 GO:=go
 GO_FLAGS:=-ldflags "-s -w" # strip Go binaries
 CGO_ENABLED:=0
 GOMODVENDOR:=
+KMOD:=0
 
 CFLAGS:=-O2 -Wall
-LDFLAGS:=-static -s # strip C binaries
+LDFLAGS:=-static -s #strip C binaries
+LDLIBS:=
+PREPROCESSORFLAGS:=
+ifeq "$(KMOD)" "1"
+LDFLAGS:= -s
+LDLIBS:= -lkmod
+PREPROCESSORFLAGS:=-DMODULES=1
+endif
 
 GO_FLAGS_EXTRA:=
 ifeq "$(GOMODVENDOR)" "1"
@@ -23,108 +30,14 @@ SRCROOT=$(dir $(abspath $(firstword $(MAKEFILE_LIST))))
 # additional directories to search for rule prerequisites and targets
 VPATH=$(SRCROOT)
 
-DELTA_TARGET=out/delta.tar.gz
-
-ifeq "$(DEV_BUILD)" "1"
-DELTA_TARGET=out/delta-dev.tar.gz
-endif
-
-ifeq "$(SNP_BUILD)" "1"
-DELTA_TARGET=out/delta-snp.tar.gz
-endif
-
 # The link aliases for gcstools
 GCS_TOOLS=\
 	generichook \
 	install-drivers
 
-# Common path prefix.
-PATH_PREFIX:=
-# These have PATH_PREFIX prepended to obtain the full path in recipies e.g. $(PATH_PREFIX)/$(VMGS_TOOL)
-VMGS_TOOL:=
-IGVM_TOOL:=
-KERNEL_PATH:=
-
-.PHONY: all always rootfs test snp simple
-
-.DEFAULT_GOAL := all
-
-all: out/initrd.img out/rootfs.tar.gz
-
-clean:
-	find -name '*.o' -print0 | xargs -0 -r rm
-	rm -rf bin deps rootfs out
-
 test:
 	cd $(SRCROOT) && $(GO) test -v ./internal/guest/...
 
-rootfs: out/rootfs.vhd
-
-snp: out/kernelinitrd.vmgs out/rootfs.hash.vhd out/rootfs.vhd out/v2056.vmgs
-
-simple: out/simple.vmgs snp
-
-%.vmgs: %.bin
-	rm -f $@
-	# du -BM returns the size of the bin file in M, eg 7M. The sed command replaces the M with *1024*1024 and then bc does the math to convert to bytes
-	$(PATH_PREFIX)/$(VMGS_TOOL) create --filepath $@ --filesize `du -BM $< | sed  "s/M.*/*1024*1024/" | bc`
-	$(PATH_PREFIX)/$(VMGS_TOOL) write --filepath $@ --datapath $< -i=8
-
-# Simplest debug UVM used to test changes to the linux kernel. No dmverity protection. Boots an initramdisk rather than directly booting a vhd disk.
-out/simple.bin: out/initrd.img $(PATH_PREFIX)/$(KERNEL_PATH) boot/startup_simple.sh
-	rm -f $@
-	python3 $(PATH_PREFIX)/$(IGVM_TOOL) -o $@ -kernel $(PATH_PREFIX)/$(KERNEL_PATH) -append "8250_core.nr_uarts=0 panic=-1 debug loglevel=7 rdinit=/startup_simple.sh" -rdinit out/initrd.img -vtl 0
-
-ROOTFS_DEVICE:=/dev/sda
-VERITY_DEVICE:=/dev/sdb
-# Debug build for use with uvmtester. UVM with dm-verity protected vhd disk mounted directly via the kernel command line. Ignores corruption in dm-verity protected disk. (Use dmesg to see if dm-verity is ignoring data corruption.)
-out/v2056.bin: out/rootfs.vhd out/rootfs.hash.vhd $(PATH_PREFIX)/$(KERNEL_PATH) out/rootfs.hash.datasectors out/rootfs.hash.datablocksize out/rootfs.hash.hashblocksize out/rootfs.hash.datablocks out/rootfs.hash.rootdigest out/rootfs.hash.salt boot/startup_v2056.sh
-	rm -f $@
-	python3 $(PATH_PREFIX)/$(IGVM_TOOL) -o $@ -kernel $(PATH_PREFIX)/$(KERNEL_PATH) -append "8250_core.nr_uarts=0 panic=-1 debug loglevel=7 root=/dev/dm-0 dm-mod.create=\"dmverity,,,ro,0 $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datasectors) verity 1 $(ROOTFS_DEVICE) $(VERITY_DEVICE) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datablocksize) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.hashblocksize) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datablocks) 0 sha256 $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.rootdigest) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.salt) 1 ignore_corruption\" init=/startup_v2056.sh"  -vtl 0
-
-# Full UVM with dm-verity protected vhd disk mounted directly via the kernel command line.
-out/kernelinitrd.bin: out/rootfs.vhd out/rootfs.hash.vhd out/rootfs.hash.datasectors out/rootfs.hash.datablocksize out/rootfs.hash.hashblocksize out/rootfs.hash.datablocks out/rootfs.hash.rootdigest out/rootfs.hash.salt $(PATH_PREFIX)/$(KERNEL_PATH) boot/startup.sh
-	rm -f $@
-	python3 $(PATH_PREFIX)/$(IGVM_TOOL) -o $@ -kernel $(PATH_PREFIX)/$(KERNEL_PATH) -append "8250_core.nr_uarts=0 panic=-1 debug loglevel=7 root=/dev/dm-0 dm-mod.create=\"dmverity,,,ro,0 $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datasectors) verity 1 $(ROOTFS_DEVICE) $(VERITY_DEVICE) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datablocksize) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.hashblocksize) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datablocks) 0 sha256 $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.rootdigest) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.salt)\" init=/startup.sh"  -vtl 0
-
-# Rule to make a vhd from a file. This is used to create the rootfs.hash.vhd from rootfs.hash.
-%.vhd: % bin/cmd/tar2ext4
-	./bin/cmd/tar2ext4 -only-vhd -i $< -o $@
-
-# Rule to make a vhd from an ext4 file. This is used to create the rootfs.vhd from rootfs.ext4.
-%.vhd: %.ext4 bin/cmd/tar2ext4
-	./bin/cmd/tar2ext4 -only-vhd -i $< -o $@
-
-%.hash %.hash.info %.hash.datablocks %.hash.rootdigest %hash.datablocksize %.hash.datasectors %.hash.hashblocksize: %.ext4 %.hash.salt
-	veritysetup format --no-superblock --salt $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.salt) $< $*.hash > $*.hash.info
-    # Retrieve info required by dm-verity at boot time
-    # Get the blocksize of rootfs
-	cat $*.hash.info | awk '/^Root hash:/{ print $$3 }' > $*.hash.rootdigest
-	cat $*.hash.info | awk '/^Salt:/{ print $$2 }' > $*.hash.salt
-	cat $*.hash.info | awk '/^Data block size:/{ print $$4 }' > $*.hash.datablocksize
-	cat $*.hash.info | awk '/^Hash block size:/{ print $$4 }' > $*.hash.hashblocksize
-	cat $*.hash.info | awk '/^Data blocks:/{ print $$3 }' > $*.hash.datablocks
-	echo $$(( $$(cat $*.hash.datablocks) * $$(cat $*.hash.datablocksize) / 512 )) > $*.hash.datasectors
-
-out/rootfs.hash.salt:
-	hexdump -vn32 -e'8/4 "%08X" 1 "\n"' /dev/random > $@
-
-out/rootfs.ext4: out/rootfs.tar.gz bin/cmd/tar2ext4
-	gzip -f -d ./out/rootfs.tar.gz
-	./bin/cmd/tar2ext4 -i ./out/rootfs.tar -o $@
-
-out/rootfs.tar.gz: out/initrd.img
-	rm -rf rootfs-conv
-	mkdir rootfs-conv
-	gunzip -c out/initrd.img | (cd rootfs-conv && cpio -imd)
-	tar -zcf $@ -C rootfs-conv .
-	rm -rf rootfs-conv
-
-out/initrd.img: $(BASE) $(DELTA_TARGET) $(SRCROOT)/hack/catcpio.sh
-	$(SRCROOT)/hack/catcpio.sh "$(BASE)" $(DELTA_TARGET) > out/initrd.img.uncompressed
-	gzip -c out/initrd.img.uncompressed > $@
-	rm out/initrd.img.uncompressed
-
 # This target includes utilities which may be useful for testing purposes.
 out/delta-dev.tar.gz: out/delta.tar.gz bin/internal/tools/snp-report
 	rm -rf rootfs-dev
@@ -168,10 +81,7 @@ out/delta.tar.gz: bin/init bin/vsockexec bin/cmd/gcs bin/cmd/gcstools bin/cmd/ho
 	tar -zcf $@ -C rootfs .
 	rm -rf rootfs
 
-out/containerd-shim-runhcs-v1.exe:
-	GOOS=windows $(GO_BUILD) -o $@ $(SRCROOT)/cmd/containerd-shim-runhcs-v1
-
-bin/cmd/gcs bin/cmd/gcstools bin/cmd/hooks/wait-paths bin/cmd/tar2ext4 bin/internal/tools/snp-report bin/cmd/dmverity-vhd:
+bin/cmd/gcs bin/cmd/gcstools bin/cmd/hooks/wait-paths bin/cmd/tar2ext4 bin/internal/tools/snp-report:
 	@mkdir -p $(dir $@)
 	GOOS=linux $(GO_BUILD) -o $@ $(SRCROOT)/$(@:bin/%=%)
 
@@ -181,8 +91,8 @@ bin/vsockexec: vsockexec/vsockexec.o vsockexec/vsock.o
 
 bin/init: init/init.o vsockexec/vsock.o
 	@mkdir -p bin
-	$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $^
+	$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $^ $(LDLIBS)
 
 %.o: %.c
 	@mkdir -p $(dir $@)
-	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c -o $@ $<
+	$(CC) $(PREPROCESSORFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c -o $@ $<

vendor/github.com/Microsoft/hcsshim/Makefile.bootfiles

@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+BASE:=base.tar.gz
+DEV_BUILD:=0
+
+DELTA_TARGET=out/delta.tar.gz
+
+ifeq "$(DEV_BUILD)" "1"
+DELTA_TARGET=out/delta-dev.tar.gz
+endif
+
+ifeq "$(SNP_BUILD)" "1"
+DELTA_TARGET=out/delta-snp.tar.gz
+endif
+
+SRCROOT=$(dir $(abspath $(firstword $(MAKEFILE_LIST))))
+
+PATH_PREFIX:=
+# These have PATH_PREFIX prepended to obtain the full path in recipies e.g. $(PATH_PREFIX)/$(VMGS_TOOL)
+VMGS_TOOL:=
+IGVM_TOOL:=
+KERNEL_PATH:=
+TAR2EXT4_TOOL:=bin/cmd/tar2ext4
+
+ROOTFS_DEVICE:=/dev/sda
+HASH_DEVICE:=/dev/sdb
+
+.PHONY: all always rootfs test snp simple
+
+.DEFAULT_GOAL := all
+
+all: out/initrd.img out/rootfs.tar.gz
+
+clean:
+	find -name '*.o' -print0 | xargs -0 -r rm
+	rm -rf bin rootfs out
+
+rootfs: out/rootfs.vhd
+
+snp: out/kernel.vmgs out/rootfs-verity.vhd out/v2056.vmgs out/v2056combined.vmgs
+
+simple: out/simple.vmgs snp
+
+%.vmgs: %.bin
+	rm -f $@
+	# du -BM returns the size of the bin file in M, eg 7M. The sed command replaces the M with *1024*1024 and then bc does the math to convert to bytes
+	$(PATH_PREFIX)/$(VMGS_TOOL) create --filepath $@ --filesize `du -BM $< | sed  "s/M.*/*1024*1024/" | bc`
+	$(PATH_PREFIX)/$(VMGS_TOOL) write --filepath $@ --datapath $< -i=8
+
+# Simplest debug UVM used to test changes to the linux kernel. No dmverity protection. Boots an initramdisk rather than directly booting a vhd disk.
+out/simple.bin: out/initrd.img $(PATH_PREFIX)/$(KERNEL_PATH) boot/startup_simple.sh
+	rm -f $@
+	python3 $(PATH_PREFIX)/$(IGVM_TOOL) \
+		-o $@ \
+		-kernel $(PATH_PREFIX)/$(KERNEL_PATH) \
+		-append "8250_core.nr_uarts=0 panic=-1 debug loglevel=7 rdinit=/startup_simple.sh" \
+		-rdinit out/initrd.img \
+		-vtl 0
+
+# The boot performance is optimized by supplying rootfs as a SCSI attachment. In this case the kernel boots with
+# dm-verity to ensure the integrity. Similar to layer VHDs the verity Merkle tree is appended to ext4 filesystem.
+# It transpires that the /dev/sd* order is not deterministic wrt the scsi device order. Thus build a single userland
+# fs + merkle tree device and boot that.
+#
+# From https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/device-mapper/dm-init.html
+#
+# dm-mod.create=<name>,<uuid>,<minor>,<flags>,<table>[,<table>+][;<name>,<uuid>,<minor>,<flags>,<table>[,<table>+]+]
+#
+# where:
+# <name>          ::= The device name.
+# <uuid>          ::= xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx | ""
+# <minor>         ::= The device minor number | ""
+# <flags>         ::= "ro" | "rw"
+# <table>         ::= <start_sector> <num_sectors> <target_type> <target_args>
+# <target_type>   ::= "verity" | "linear" | ... (see list below)
+#
+# From https://docs.kernel.org/admin-guide/device-mapper/verity.html
+# <version> <dev> <hash_dev>
+# <data_block_size> <hash_block_size>
+# <num_data_blocks> <hash_start_block>
+# <algorithm> <digest> <salt>
+# [<#opt_params> <opt_params>]
+#
+# typical igvm tool line once all the macros are expanded
+# python3 /home/user/igvmfile.py -o out/v2056.bin -kernel /hose/user/bzImage -append "8250_core.nr_uarts=0 panic=-1 debug loglevel=9 ignore_loglevel dev.scsi.logging_level=9411 root=/dev/dm-0 dm-mod.create=\"dmverity,,,ro,0 196744 verity 1 /dev/sda /dev/sdb 4096 4096 24593 0 sha256 6d625a306aafdf73125a84388b7bfdd2c3a154bd8d698955f4adffc736bdfd66 b9065c23231f0d8901cc3a68e1d3b8d624213e76d6f9f6d3ccbcb829f9c710ba 1 ignore_corruption\" init=/startup_v2056.sh"  -vtl 0
+#
+# so a kernel command line of:
+# 8250_core.nr_uarts=0 panic=-1 debug loglevel=9 ignore_loglevel dev.scsi.logging_level=9411 root=/dev/dm-0 dm-mod.create=\"dmverity,,,ro,0 196744 verity 1 /dev/sda /dev/sdb 4096 4096 24593 0 sha256 6d625a306aafdf73125a84388b7bfdd2c3a154bd8d698955f4adffc736bdfd66 b9065c23231f0d8901cc3a68e1d3b8d624213e76d6f9f6d3ccbcb829f9c710ba 1 ignore_corruption\" init=/startup_v2056.sh
+#
+# and a dm-mod.create of:
+# dmverity,,,ro,0 196744 verity 1 /dev/sda /dev/sdb 4096 4096 24593 0 sha256 6d625a306aafdf73125a84388b7bfdd2c3a154bd8d698955f4adffc736bdfd66 b9065c23231f0d8901cc3a68e1d3b8d624213e76d6f9f6d3ccbcb829f9c710ba 1 ignore_corruption
+#
+# which breaks down to:
+#
+# name = "dmverity"
+# uuid = ""
+# minor = ""
+# flags = "ro"
+# table = 0 196744 verity "args"
+#     start_sector = 0
+#     num_sectors = 196744
+#     target_type = verity
+#     target_args = 1 /dev/sda /dev/sdb 4096 4096 24593 0 sha256 6d625a306aafdf73125a84388b7bfdd2c3a154bd8d698955f4adffc736bdfd66 b9065c23231f0d8901cc3a68e1d3b8d624213e76d6f9f6d3ccbcb829f9c710ba 1 ignore_corruption
+# args:
+#     version               1
+#     dev                   /dev/sda
+#     hash_dev              /dev/sdb
+#     data_block_size       4096
+#     hash_block_size       4096
+#     num_data_blocks       24593
+#     hash_start_block      0
+#     algorithm             sha256
+#     digest                6d625a306aafdf73125a84388b7bfdd2c3a154bd8d698955f4adffc736bdfd66
+#     salt                  b9065c23231f0d8901cc3a68e1d3b8d624213e76d6f9f6d3ccbcb829f9c710ba
+#     opt_params
+#         count = 1
+#         ignore_corruption
+#
+# combined typical (not bigger count of sectors for the whole device)
+# dmverity,,,ro,0 199672 verity 1 /dev/sda /dev/sda 4096 4096 24959 24959 sha256 4aa6e79866ee946ddbd9cddd6554bc6449272942fcc65934326817785a3bd374 adc4956274489c936395bab046a2d476f21ef436e571ba53da2fdf3aee59bf0a
+#
+# A few notes:
+#  - num_sectors is the size of the final (aka target) verity device, i.e. the size of our rootfs excluding the Merkle
+#    tree.
+#  - We don't add verity superblock, so the <hash_start_block> will be exactly at the end of ext4 filesystem and equal
+#    to its size. In the case when verity superblock is present an extra block should be added to the offset value,
+#    i.e. 24959 becomes 24960.
+
+
+# Debug build for use with uvmtester. UVM with dm-verity protected vhd disk mounted directly via the kernel command line.
+# Ignores corruption in dm-verity protected disk. (Use dmesg to see if dm-verity is ignoring data corruption.)
+out/v2056.bin: out/rootfs.vhd out/rootfs.hash.vhd $(PATH_PREFIX)/$(KERNEL_PATH) out/rootfs.hash.datasectors out/rootfs.hash.datablocksize out/rootfs.hash.hashblocksize out/rootfs.hash.datablocks out/rootfs.hash.rootdigest out/rootfs.hash.salt boot/startup_v2056.sh
+	rm -f $@
+	python3 $(PATH_PREFIX)/$(IGVM_TOOL) \
+		-o $@ \
+		-kernel $(PATH_PREFIX)/$(KERNEL_PATH) \
+		-append "8250_core.nr_uarts=0 panic=-1 debug loglevel=9 root=/dev/dm-0 dm-mod.create=\"dmverity,,,ro,0 $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datasectors) verity 1 $(ROOTFS_DEVICE) $(HASH_DEVICE) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datablocksize) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.hashblocksize) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datablocks) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datablocks) sha256 $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.rootdigest) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.salt) 1 ignore_corruption\" init=/startup_v2056.sh" \
+		-vtl 0
+
+out/v2056combined.bin: out/rootfs-verity.vhd $(PATH_PREFIX)/$(KERNEL_PATH) out/rootfs.hash.datablocksize out/rootfs.hash.hashblocksize out/rootfs.hash.datablocks out/rootfs.hash.rootdigest out/rootfs.hash.salt boot/startup_v2056.sh
+	rm -f $@
+	echo root=/dev/dm-0 dm-mod.create=\"dmverity,,,ro,0 $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datasectors) verity 1 $(ROOTFS_DEVICE) $(ROOTFS_DEVICE) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datablocksize) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.hashblocksize) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datablocks) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datablocks) sha256 $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.rootdigest) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.salt) 1 ignore_corruption\"
+	python3 $(PATH_PREFIX)/$(IGVM_TOOL) \
+		-o $@ \
+		-kernel $(PATH_PREFIX)/$(KERNEL_PATH) \
+		-append "8250_core.nr_uarts=0 panic=-1 debug loglevel=9 ignore_loglevel dev.scsi.logging_level=9411 root=/dev/dm-0 dm-mod.create=\"dmverity,,,ro,0 $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datasectors) verity 1 $(ROOTFS_DEVICE) $(ROOTFS_DEVICE) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datablocksize) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.hashblocksize) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datablocks) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datablocks) sha256 $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.rootdigest) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.salt) 1 ignore_corruption\" init=/startup_v2056.sh" \
+		-vtl 0
+
+# Full UVM with dm-verity protected vhd disk mounted directly via the kernel command line.
+out/kernel.bin: out/rootfs-verity.vhd $(PATH_PREFIX)/$(KERNEL_PATH) out/rootfs.hash.datasectors out/rootfs.hash.datablocksize out/rootfs.hash.hashblocksize out/rootfs.hash.datablocks out/rootfs.hash.rootdigest out/rootfs.hash.salt boot/startup.sh
+	rm -f $@
+	echo root=/dev/dm-0 dm-mod.create=\"dmverity,,,ro,0 $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datasectors) verity 1 $(ROOTFS_DEVICE) $(ROOTFS_DEVICE) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datablocksize) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.hashblocksize) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datablocks) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datablocks) sha256 $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.rootdigest) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.salt)\"
+	python3 $(PATH_PREFIX)/$(IGVM_TOOL) \
+		-o $@ \
+		-kernel $(PATH_PREFIX)/$(KERNEL_PATH) \
+		-append "8250_core.nr_uarts=0 panic=-1 debug loglevel=7 root=/dev/dm-0 dm-mod.create=\"dmverity,,,ro,0 $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datasectors) verity 1 $(ROOTFS_DEVICE) $(ROOTFS_DEVICE) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datablocksize) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.hashblocksize) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datablocks) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.datablocks) sha256 $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.rootdigest) $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.salt)\" init=/startup.sh" \
+		-vtl 0
+
+# Rule to make a vhd from a file. This is used to create the rootfs.hash.vhd from rootfs.hash.
+%.vhd: % $(TAR2EXT4_TOOL)
+	$(TAR2EXT4_TOOL) -only-vhd -i $< -o $@
+
+# Rule to make a vhd from an ext4 file. This is used to create the rootfs.vhd from rootfs.ext4.
+%.vhd: %.ext4 $(TAR2EXT4_TOOL)
+	$(TAR2EXT4_TOOL) -only-vhd -i $< -o $@
+
+%.hash %.hash.info %.hash.datablocks %.hash.rootdigest %hash.datablocksize %.hash.datasectors %.hash.hashblocksize: %.ext4 %.hash.salt
+	veritysetup format --no-superblock --salt $(shell cat out/rootfs.hash.salt) $< $*.hash > $*.hash.info
+    # Retrieve info required by dm-verity at boot time
+    # Get the blocksize of rootfs
+	cat $*.hash.info | awk '/^Root hash:/{ print $$3 }' > $*.hash.rootdigest
+	cat $*.hash.info | awk '/^Salt:/{ print $$2 }' > $*.hash.salt
+	cat $*.hash.info | awk '/^Data block size:/{ print $$4 }' > $*.hash.datablocksize
+	cat $*.hash.info | awk '/^Hash block size:/{ print $$4 }' > $*.hash.hashblocksize
+	cat $*.hash.info | awk '/^Data blocks:/{ print $$3 }' > $*.hash.datablocks
+	echo $$(( $$(cat $*.hash.datablocks) * $$(cat $*.hash.datablocksize) / 512 )) > $*.hash.datasectors
+
+out/rootfs.hash.salt:
+	hexdump -vn32 -e'8/4 "%08X" 1 "\n"' /dev/random > $@
+
+out/rootfs.ext4: out/rootfs.tar.gz $(TAR2EXT4_TOOL)
+	gzip -f -d ./out/rootfs.tar.gz
+	$(TAR2EXT4_TOOL) -i ./out/rootfs.tar -o $@
+
+out/rootfs-verity.ext4: out/rootfs.ext4 out/rootfs.hash
+	cp out/rootfs.ext4 $@
+	cat out/rootfs.hash >> $@
+
+out/rootfs.tar.gz: out/initrd.img
+	rm -rf rootfs-conv
+	mkdir rootfs-conv
+	gunzip -c out/initrd.img | (cd rootfs-conv && cpio -imd)
+	tar -zcf $@ -C rootfs-conv .
+	rm -rf rootfs-conv
+
+out/initrd.img: $(BASE) $(DELTA_TARGET) $(SRCROOT)/hack/catcpio.sh
+	$(SRCROOT)/hack/catcpio.sh "$(BASE)" $(DELTA_TARGET) > out/initrd.img.uncompressed
+	gzip -c out/initrd.img.uncompressed > $@
+	rm out/initrd.img.uncompressed

vendor/github.com/Microsoft/hcsshim/README.md

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ delta.tar.gz  initrd.img  rootfs.tar.gz
 
 ### Containerd Shim
 
-For info on the [Runtime V2 API](https://github.com/containerd/containerd/blob/master/runtime/v2/README.md).
+For info on the [Runtime V2 API](https://github.com/containerd/containerd/blob/main/core/runtime/v2/README.md).
 
 Contrary to the typical Linux architecture of shim -> runc, the runhcs shim is used both to launch and manage the lifetime of containers.